Eugène Laermans
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| - | '''Léon Frédéric''' (August 26, 1865 - January 27, 1940) is a [[Belgian symbolist painter]]. Two of his works, ''The Four Seasons'' and ''[[The Source of Life]]'' are currently on display at the [[Philadelphia Museum of Art]]. | ||
| - | == Biographie == | + | '''Eugène Jules Joseph Laermans''' (22 October 1864 – 22 February 1940) was a Belgian painter. |
| - | Fils d'un bijoutier prospère, Léon Frédéric entre en 1871 comme apprenti chez le peintre-décorateur Charles-Albert, et suit les cours du soir à l'Académie de Bruxelles. En 1874, il travaille dans l'atelier particulier de [[Jean Portaels]]. L'année suivante, il se cotise avec de jeunes peintres pour louer un atelier où ils peuvent étudier le modèle vivant. De 1876 à 1878, il prépare le [[Prix de Rome]] auquel il échoue, mais son père lui offre de quoi voyager en Italie toute une année de 1878 à 1879, il fait ses débuts au sein du groupe l'[[Essor]] qui réunit des tenants du [[réalisme]]. En 1883, il est salué comme un peintre plein de promesses avec son tableau ''Les Marchands de Craie'', un triptyque ralliant le modernisme au génie des Maîtres primitifs, et durant les [[années 1890]], il devient un des peintres les plus populaires de Belgique, cité aux côtés de [[Meunier]] ou d'[[Eugène Laermans]]. Le 24 avril 1929, le roi [[Albert Ier de Belgique|Albert I]] accorde à Léon Frédéric (en même temps qu'à [[James Ensor]]) le titre de baron. | + | |
| - | == Son œuvre == | + | ==Life== |
| - | En 1882, il découvre l'œuvre du peintre ''naturaliste'' français [[Jules Bastien Lepage]] au salon de Bruxelles. | + | He was born in [[Sint-Jans-Molenbeek]]. At the age of eleven, he contracted [[meningitis]], which left him deaf and nearly mute (although some sources say he was born deaf). This concentrated his attention on his sense of sight, and led to his decision to become a painter. He enrolled at the [[Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts]] in 1887, where he studied with [[Jean-François Portaels]] and was a great admirer of the paintings of [[Félicien Rops]]. The writings of [[Charles Baudelaire]] were also an influence, so Laermans joined the [[Decadent movement]] in 1890 and created illustrations for Baudelaire's book ''[[Les Fleurs du mal]]''. By 1893, his work resembled that of [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder|Bruegel]] rather than the decadents, and he had settled on his signature theme, portrayals of downtrodden laborers and poor peasants which some critics saw as "disturbing caricatures". In 1894, he began to exhibit at the Salons of [[La Libre Esthétique]]. Two years later, he illustrated ''La Nouvelle Carthage'', a novel by [[Georges Eekhoud]], and was inspired by the book to create a [[triptych]] of paintings, "Landverhuisers" (Emigrants), that he considered his masterpiece. |
| - | Son art est l'alliance bizarre d'un naturalisme maniéré avec la naïveté et la luxuriance du [[Quattrocento]] et des [[Primitifs flamands]], souvent exécutées sous forme de [[Triptyque (Beaux-arts)|triptyque]]s. | + | |
| - | Le peintre des ''Marchands de craie'' relate avec une poésie touchante les visages, ceux des petits surtout dans leur timidité craintive ; l'un a la grosse tête, l'air bête, borné, un autre louche affreusement, ils sont tous malgré tout, même ces deux là : ravissants. | + | In 1922, he became a member of the [[Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium]]. Two years later, his eyesight began to fail as well and he stopped painting, declaring "I am no longer Laermans". In 1927, the year his mother died, King [[Albert I of Belgium|Albert]] made him a baron. He became totally blind, faded into reclusive obscurity and died thirteen years later, in Brussels |
| - | C'est la poésie de la misère, de la résignation, du devoir silencieux, du courage. | + | |
| - | Certains tableaux prennent la forme d'allégories ésotériques comme : | + | |
| - | l'''Intérieur d'atelier'' de 1882, au Musée d'Ixelles. | + | |
| - | Il annonce certains thèmes surréalistes : volet droit du triptyque ''L'Eau'', ''[[L'Eau dormante]]''. | + | |
| - | == Index chronologique des œuvres == | + | In [[Wemmel]], there is a wall called the "Laermansmuur". Once, as a student, when he was home on vacation, Laersman saved a drowning man there and the wall was later named after him. It is a low, whitewashed wall of a style that appears in many of his paintings. |
| + | |||
| + | == Honours == | ||
| + | * '''1919''' : Commander of the [[Order of the Crown (Belgium)|Order of the Crown]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Further reading== | ||
| + | * [[François Maret]], ''Eugène Laermans'' (Monographies de l'Art Belge), Le Ministre de l'Instruction Publique (1959) | ||
| + | * Philippe Roberts-Jones, et al., ''Eugène Laermans'' (exhibition catalog), Brussels, Crédit communal (1995) ISBN 2-87193-210-7 | ||
| - | * 1882 : ''Intérieur d'atelier'', au Musée d'[[Ixelles]]. | ||
| - | * 1882-1883 : ''Les Marchands de craie'', triptyque ; volet gauche : ''Le matin'' ; centre : ''Midi'' ; volet droit : ''Le soir'', aux [[Musées royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique]] à [[Bruxelles]]. | ||
| - | * 1883 : ''Les Ramasseuses d'escarbilles'', au [[Musée de l'art wallon]] à [[Liège]]. | ||
| - | * 1885-1887 : ''Les Âges du paysan : les garçons'', aux [[Musées royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique]] à [[Bruxelles]]. | ||
| - | * 1886 : ''Le Repas de funérailles'', au [[Musée des beaux-arts de Gand|Musée des beaux-arts]] de [[Gand]]. | ||
| - | * 1888 : ''Les Boëchelles'', au [[Musée royal des Beaux-Arts]] d'[[Anvers]]. | ||
| - | * 1890-1899 : ''l'Eau'', triptyque, aux [[Musées royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique]] à [[Bruxelles]]. | ||
| - | * 1893-1894 : ''Les quatre saisons'', au [[Philadelphia Museum of Art]]. Série de quatre tableaux. | ||
| - | ** ''Printemps'' (1893) | ||
| - | ** ''Été'' (1894) | ||
| - | ** ''[http://www.philamuseum.org/collections/permanent/118891.html Automne]'' (1894) | ||
| - | ** ''Hiver'' (1894) | ||
| - | * 1895-1897 : | ||
| - | ** ''Les Âges du paysan : les fillettes'', | ||
| - | ** ''Les Âges du paysan : les promis'', | ||
| - | ** ''Les Âges du paysan : les mariés'', | ||
| - | ** ''Les Âges du paysan : les vieux'', aux [[Musées royaux des Beaux-Arts de Belgique]] à [[Bruxelles]]. | ||
| - | * 1895-1897 : ''Les Âges de l'ouvrier, triptyque'', au [[Musée d'Orsay]] à Paris. | ||
| - | * 1905 : ''L'enterrement du paysan'', au [[Musée de l'art wallon]] à [[Liège]]. | ||
| - | ==See also== | ||
| - | *[[Tout est mort]][http://italiawasteland.tumblr.com/image/23998661165] | ||
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Eugène Jules Joseph Laermans (22 October 1864 – 22 February 1940) was a Belgian painter.
Life
He was born in Sint-Jans-Molenbeek. At the age of eleven, he contracted meningitis, which left him deaf and nearly mute (although some sources say he was born deaf). This concentrated his attention on his sense of sight, and led to his decision to become a painter. He enrolled at the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in 1887, where he studied with Jean-François Portaels and was a great admirer of the paintings of Félicien Rops. The writings of Charles Baudelaire were also an influence, so Laermans joined the Decadent movement in 1890 and created illustrations for Baudelaire's book Les Fleurs du mal. By 1893, his work resembled that of Bruegel rather than the decadents, and he had settled on his signature theme, portrayals of downtrodden laborers and poor peasants which some critics saw as "disturbing caricatures". In 1894, he began to exhibit at the Salons of La Libre Esthétique. Two years later, he illustrated La Nouvelle Carthage, a novel by Georges Eekhoud, and was inspired by the book to create a triptych of paintings, "Landverhuisers" (Emigrants), that he considered his masterpiece.
In 1922, he became a member of the Royal Academy of Science, Letters and Fine Arts of Belgium. Two years later, his eyesight began to fail as well and he stopped painting, declaring "I am no longer Laermans". In 1927, the year his mother died, King Albert made him a baron. He became totally blind, faded into reclusive obscurity and died thirteen years later, in Brussels
In Wemmel, there is a wall called the "Laermansmuur". Once, as a student, when he was home on vacation, Laersman saved a drowning man there and the wall was later named after him. It is a low, whitewashed wall of a style that appears in many of his paintings.
Honours
- 1919 : Commander of the Order of the Crown.
Further reading
- François Maret, Eugène Laermans (Monographies de l'Art Belge), Le Ministre de l'Instruction Publique (1959)
- Philippe Roberts-Jones, et al., Eugène Laermans (exhibition catalog), Brussels, Crédit communal (1995) ISBN 2-87193-210-7
