Equilibrium
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Equilibrium is the condition of a system in which competing influences are balanced and it may refer to:
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Mathematics
- The stationary point of a dynamical system is often called an equilibrium.
- In Game Theory a system is said to be in an equilibrium called a Nash equilibrium if there is no strategy which any of the components can improve their state in the system.
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Science
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Biology
- Equilibrioception, the sense of balance present in humans and animals
- Genetic equilibrium, theoretical state in which a population is not evolving
- Homeostasis, the ability of an open system, especially living organisms, to regulate its internal environment
- Punctuated equilibrium, theory in evolutionary biology
- Sedimentation equilibrium, analytical ultracentrifugation method for measuring protein molecular masses in solution
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Physics
- Equilibrium figures of Earth and planets (Physical geodesy)
- Equilibrium mode distribution, involves light traveling in an optical waveguide or fiber
- Hydrostatic equilibrium, the state of a system in which compression due to gravity is balanced by a pressure gradient force
- Hyperbolic equilibrium point, a mathematical concept in physics
- Mechanical equilibrium, the state in which the sum of the forces, and torque, on each particle of the system is zero
- Secular equilibrium, a state of radioactive elements in which the production rate of a daughter nucleus is balanced by its own decay rate
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Chemistry
- Chemical equilibrium, the state in which the concentrations of the reactants and products have no net change over time
- Diffusion equilibrium, when the concentrations of the diffusing substance in the two compartments are equal
- Donnan equilibrium, the distribution of ion species between two ionic solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane or boundary
- Dynamic equilibrium, the state in which two reversible processes occur at the same rate
- Equilibrium constant, a quantity characterizing a chemical equilibrium in a chemical reaction
- Equilibrium unfolding, the process of unfolding a protein or RNA molecule by gradually changing its environment
- Psychrometrics (Humidification/ Dehumidification Drying)
- Partition equilibrium, a type of chromatography that is typically used in GC
- Quasistatic equilibrium, the quasi-balanced state of a thermodynamic system near to equilibrium in some sense or degree
- Schlenk equilibrium, a chemical equilibrium named after its discoverer Wilhelm Schlenk taking place in solutions of Grignard reagents
- Solubility equilibrium, any chemical equilibrium between solid and dissolved states of a compound at saturation
- Thermodynamic equilibrium, the state of a thermodynamic system which is in thermal, mechanical, and chemical equilibrium
- Vapor-liquid equilibrium Distillation
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Economics
- Competitive equilibrium, economic equilibrium when all buyers and sellers are small relative to the market
- Economic equilibrium, a condition in economics
- Equilibrium price, the price at which supply equals demand
- General equilibrium, a branch of theoretical microeconomics
- Intertemporal equilibrium, an equilibrium concept over time
- Lindahl equilibrium, a method proposed by Erik Lindahl for financing public goods
- Partial equilibrium, one part of the general economic equilibrium
- Radner equilibrium, an economic concept defined by economist Roy Radner in the context of general equilibrium
- Recursive competitive equilibrium, an economic equilibrium concept associated with a dynamic program
- Static equilibrium (economics), the intersection of supply and demand in any market
- Sunspot equilibrium, an economic equilibrium in which nonfundamental factors affect prices or quantities
- Underemployment equilibrium, a situation in Keynesian economics with a persistent shortfall relative to full employment and potential output
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Game theory
- Correlated equilibrium, a solution concept in game theory that is more general than the well-known Nash equilibrium
- Nash equilibrium, a solution concept in game theory involving two or more players
- Quasi-perfect equilibrium, a refinement of Nash Equilibrium for extensive form games due to Eric van Damme
- Sequential equilibrium, a refinement of Nash Equilibrium for extensive form games due to David M. Kreps and Robert Wilson
- Symmetric equilibrium, in game theory, an equilibrium where all players use the same strategy
- Trembling hand perfect equilibrium assumes that the players, through a "slip of the hand" or tremble, may choose unintended strategies
- Proper equilibrium due to Roger B. Myerson, where costly trembles are made with smaller probabilities
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Music
- IX Equilibrium, the third LP by the black metal band Emperor
- Equilibrium, an album by Erik Mongrain
- Equilibrium, an album by sludge doom band Crowbar
- Equilibrium (band), a German Viking metal band
- Equilibrium (record label), a Portuguese record label
- Equilibrium, an album by Rome, Italy quintet 'The Gaia Corporation'
- Make Love and War, The Wedlock of Equilibrium, an album by Ordo Rosarius Equilibrio
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Other
- Equilibrium (company), videogame developer
- Equilibrium (2002 film), a science-fiction film
- "Equilibrium" (seaQuest 2032 episode), episode of seaQuest 2032
- "Equilibrium" (DS9 episode), an episode of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine
- Equilibrium moisture content, the moisture content at which the wood is neither gaining nor losing moisture
- Equilibrium point, node in mathematics
- Equilibrium (puzzle), a 3D interlocking type puzzle made of 6 half circle pieces
- Patterson equilibrium, a theory used in highway traffic modelling, air-traffic modelling, business modelling, and electrical grid operation
- Reflective equilibrium, the state of balance or coherence among a set of beliefs arrived at by a process of deliberative mutual adjustment
- Social equilibrium, a system in which there is a dynamic working balance among its interdependent parts
- Equilibration is the means of cognitive development in Jean Piaget's cognitive developmental theory.
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See also
- Balance
- Equilibristics, e.g. juggling
- Stability
- Steady state (disambiguation)
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