English words of Greek origin  

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Greek Traditional Classical Modern
Α α a a a
Β β b b v
Γ γ g g gh, y
Δ δd d dh
Ε ε e e e
Ζ ζ z z, dz z
Η η e ē i
Θ θ th th th
Ι ι i i i
Κ κ c kk
Λ λ l ll
Μ μ m mm
Ν νn nn
Ξ ξ x x x
Ο ο o o o
Π π pp p
Ρ ρ r rr
Σ σ ς s ss
Τ τ t tt
Υ υ y u i
Φ φ phph ph, f
Χ χ ch khkh
Ψ ψ psps ps
Ω ω oō o
αι ae, e aie, ai
αυ au au af, av
ει i ei i
ευ eu euef, ev
γγ ng ngng
γξ nxnx nx
γκ nc nkg, ng
γχ nch nkhnkh
μπ mp mp b, mb
ντ nt ntd, nd
οι oe, e oi i
ου u ou ou, u

This is a list of Greek words with derivatives in English. The words are in Greek alphabetic order, with tables for the 24 Greek letters, listing thousands of related English words.

Contents

</table>


Transliteration

There are considerable differences between the various transliterations used to represent the Greek alphabet in English. The table in the sidebar shows:

  • the "traditional" transliteration, in other words that used in Latin, representing classical Greek: this is the form in which most Greek words have made their way into English
  • a "classical" transliteration, commonly used to represent more accurately the pronunciation of Ancient Greek, although traditional forms are rarely used.
  • the "modern" transliteration often used for Modern Greek — see Transliteration of Greek into English for some variations.

Rough breathing was represented in some Greek dialects by an [h] while in others, the [h] represented the vowel eta (the origin of the sign is thought to be the left-hand half ( ├ ) of the letter H): a rough breathing over an initial vowel or diphthong – ἁ ἑ ἡ ἱ ὁ ὑ ὡ – indicates that the word was pronounced with an initial h, and a smooth breathing – ἀ ἐ ἠ ἰ ὀ ὐ ὠ – indicates the absence of an h, but this has since disappeared in speech, and Modern Greek omits the breathings. An initial upsilon (υ) always had the rough breathing – ὑ – hence hy is very common at the start of words derived from Greek, but no (or very few) such words start with y.

The letter rho (ρ) at the start of a word always had the rough breathing – ῥ – and is transliterated rh. If a rho was geminated within a word, the first ρ always had the smooth breathing and the second the rough breathing – ῤῥ – leading to the transiliteration rrh.

In ancient Greek, gamma was used to represent nu before a khi, ksi, kappa and another gamma. On this list, where this occurs, the word is listed as if the gamma were in fact a nu.

For a fuller discussion of these matters, see the Greek alphabet.

The Greek alphabet is not very hard to learn. In fact, it is very similar to the english alphabet.

Note: the distinction between the rough and smooth breathings as shown above may not be very clear on certain browsers.

Greek Words with Modern Derivatives

The citation form shown is the form most commonly shown in dictionaries, but this form is often unrepresentative of the word as used to form a compound word, hence the Root form is also shown. In the case of verbs, the citation form is often by convention the first person singular, present indicative, (cf Latin), for instance φάγω (phagō), "I eat", rather than the infinitive ("to eat"). The Greek formsare generally in their true root form; i.e., a noun or verb derived from an earlier form will appear under the earlier form.

The "classical" transliteration as described above is used for both the Citation form and the Root form. Greek entries are in alphabetical order according to the Greek alphabet, English entries by the Roman alphabet.

The Greek words are shown in polytonic orthography, in other words showing the breathings and the fuller range of accents, as used in Ancient Greek and in Modern Greek for those who do not accept the 1982 "monotonic reform".

Note that alpha privatives are addressed under the heading of the positive form of the word whenever possible.

Α

a

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ἀ-a-ἀ-/ἀν-a-/an-without, notadiabatic, agnostic, ahistorical, amoral, anaemia, anaesthesia, anhydrous, anonymous, apathy, asymmetric, asymptote, atrophic
ἄβαξābaxἀβακ-abac-reckoning-board, used for counting votesabacus, abaculus, abax
ἄβυσσοςābussosἀβυσσ-abyss-bottomlessabyss, abyssal, abyssocottidae, abyssopelagic
ἄγαλμαāgalmaἀγαλματ-agalmat-glory, delight, honour, statueagalmatolite, Agalmatophilia
ἀγαθήagathēἀγαθ-agath-goodagate, agathism, agathodaemon, kalokagathia
ἀγάπηagapēἀγαπ-agap-fraternal loveagape, agapanthus, agapanthaceae
ἀδελφόςadelphosἀδελφιαadelphiabrotheradelphogamy
ἀγαυόςagauosἀγαυ-agav-illustrious, nobleagave, agavaceae
ἀγγαρείαangareiaἀγγαρ-angar-impressment for public serviceangary, angaria, angariate
ἀγγείονangeionἀγγειο-angio-vesselangiosperm, angiocardiography, angiodysplasia, angiogenesis, angiogram, angiography, angioma, angiopathy, angioplasty, angiosperma, angiostatin, angiotensin,
ἄγγελοςangelosἀγγελ-angel-messengerangel, archangel, evangelist
ἅγιοςhagiosἁγιο-hagio-holyhagiography, hagiology, hagiographa
ἄγκιστρονangistronαγκιστρ-ancistr-hookancistrocladus, ancistrocactus, ancistrocheirus
ἀγκύλοςankulosἀγκυλ-
ἀγκυλ-
ancyl-
angul-
crooked, curved <ref>ἀγκύλος</ref>ancylus, angle, ankyloglossia, ancylopoda, ankylosaurid, ankylostomiasis
ἀγκύλωσιςankulōsisἀγκυλο-ankylο-stiffening of the jointsankylosis, ankyloglossia, ankylosaurus
ἄγκυραankyraἀγκυρ-anchor-anchoranchoring, anchor, ankyrin
ἀγκώνankōnἀγκων--ankon-elbowancona, ancon, anconal
ἀγοράagoraἀγορ-agor-marketplaceagora. agoraphobia, agoranomos
ἄγραagra-αγρα-agraseizure, trappodagra, pellagra
ἀγρόςagrosἀγρο-agro-tilled landagrobiology, agronomics, agrology
ἄγρωστιςagrōstisἀγρωστ--agrost-a type of grassagrostology, agrostophyllum, agrostistachys
ἄγχωankhōἀγχ--ankh-I press tight, strangle, throttle, choke angina
anxious
ἄγωagōἀγ-ag-I drive, leadpedagogue, anagoge, mystagogue
ἀγωνίαagōniaἀγων-agōn-agonyagonize, antagonistic, agony
ἀδάμαςadamasἀδαμα-adama-unconquerable, diamondadamant, adamantine
ἀδελφόςadelphosἀδελφ-adelph-brotheradelphopoiesis, adelphous, monadelphous
ἂδηλοςadēlosἀδηλο-adelo-unknown, obscureadelopod, adelospondyli, adelophagi, adelophryne
ἀδήνadēnἀδενο-adeno-glandadenoma, adenomelablastoma, adenomyosis, adenosine
ἍδηςHadesἉδη-/Ἁδο-hade-/hado-god of the underworldhadean, Hades, hadopelagic
ἁδρόςhadrosἁδρο-hadro-thickhadron, hadrosaurus
ἀδιάφοροςadiaphorosἀδιάφορ-adiaphor-indifferentadiaphora, adiaphorism
ἄδυτονadutonἀδυτ-adyt-not to be enteredadytum
ἀέριοςaeriosἀέρι-aeri-of the airaerial, aerie
ἀερόβιοςaerobiosἀερόβι-aerobi-living in airaerobic, aerobics, aerobiology, anaerobic
ἀηδήςaēdēsἀηδ-aed-distasteful, unpleasantaedes
ἀήρaērἀέρο-aero-
air-
air

aerodynamics, aerofoil, aeronautics, aerobatics, airplane, airship

ἄηχοςaēchosἀηχος-anecho-without sound anechoic, anechoic chamber
ἀθήραathēraἀθηρ-ather-gruelatheroma, atherosclerosis
ἀθλητήςathlētēsαθλητ-athlet-contestant in the gamesathlete, athletics
αἰθάληaethalēαἰθαλ-aethal-sootaethalops, ethallobarbital
αἰθήρaethērαἰθερ-ether-massless mediumether, ethereal
αἴγαγροςaegagrosαἰγαγρ-aegagr-wild goataegagrus, aegagropila
αἰγιαλόςaegialosαἰγιαλ-aigial-beach, seashoreaegialornis, aigialosaur, aegialornithidae
αἰγίςaegisαἰγισ-aegis-armour of Zeusaegis
αἰκίαaikiaαἰκ-aec-torture, sufferingaecium, aeciospore
αἴλουροςaelurosαἰλουρo-aeluro-felineailurophobia, aelurodon, aeluroscalabotinae
αἳμαhaimaαἳμ-em-
hem-
haem-
bloodanemia, anemic, hemophilia, hemorrhage
AἴολοςAeolusAἴολ-Aeol-Keeper of the Winds Gk. MythAeolic, Aeolian, Aeolotropy
αἰπεινόςaipeinosαἰπει-aepi-high, lofty aepisaurus,
αἰπύς or αἰπόςaipus or aiposαἰπυ-aepy-high and steep, utter aepycamelus, aepyornis, aepyornithidae, aepyceros
αἰσθητικόςaisthētikosαἰσθητ-aesthēt-of sense-perception, sensitive, perceptiveaesthetic, aesthetician, aestheticism, aesthete, aesthetics, anesthesia
αἰσχύνωaiskhunōαἰσχύν-aiskhun-I dishonour, shameaeschynanthus, aeschynite
αἰτίαaitiaαἰτι-aiti-causeetiology
αἰχμήaikhmēαἰχμ-aechm-point of a spearaechmophorus, aechmea
αἰώνaeōnαἰών-eon-ageeon
αἰώνιοςaeōniosαἰώνι-aeonι-lasting for an ageaeonium, aeonian
ἈκαδημίαAkadēmiaἈκαδημ-akadēm-the field of Academosacademe, academic, academy
ἀκακίαakakiaἀκακια-akakia-harmlessacacia
ἀκαλύφηakaluphēἀκαλυφ-acalyph-stinging-nettleacalypha, acalyphoideae
ἄκανθοςakanthosἀκανθ-acanth-thorn plantacanthus, acantharea, acanthite, acanthocephala, acanthocercus, acanthodactylus, acanthosaura
ἀκάριakariἀκαρ-acar-a kind of miteacarid, acariasis, acarology
ἀκατάληκτος akatalēktosακατάληκτ--acatalekt-not incomplete, incessantacatalectic
ἀκέφαλοςakephalosἀκεφαλ-acephal-headlessacephali, acephaly, acephalous
ἀκλινήςaklinēsἀκλιν-aclin-unswerving, without inclinationaclinic, aclinic line
ἀκμήakmēἀκμ-acm-
acn
highest point
facial eruption
acme
acne, acnestis
ἀκόλουθοςakoluthosἀκόλουθ-acoluth-followeranacoluthon, acolyte
ἀκόνηakonēἀκον-akon-whetstoneaconitum, paragon
ἀκούωakouōἀκουστικ-acoustik-I hearacoustic, acoustics
ἄκρονakronἀκρο-acro-edge, topmostacrobat, acrocephalus, acrochordidae, acrochordon, acromantula, acronym, acrotomophilia
ἀκροστιχίςakrostikhisἀκροστιχ-acrostic-headline, end-lineacrostic
ἀκτίςaktisἀκτινo-aktino-rayactinium, actinobacteria, actinodine, actinolite, actinometer, actinomorphic, actinomycetes, actinophryid, actinophryids, actinopteri, actinopterygii, actinozoa
ἀλάβαστροςalabastrosἀλαβαστρ-alabastr-a variety of mineralalabaster
ἀλλαντοειδήςallantoeidēsἀλλαντο-allanto-sausage-shapedallantois, allantoin
ἀλέθειαalethiaἀλεξ-ἀλέθ-truthalethiology
ἀλέξωalexōἀλεξ-alex-I ward off, defendAlexander, alexipharmic, alexithymia, alexiteric
ἄλευρονaleuronἀλευρο-aleuro-flour, mealaleurone, aleuromancy
ἄλγοςalgosἀλγ-alg-pain-algia, arthralgia, cardialgia, cephalalgia, fibromyalgia, myalgia, neuralgia, nostalgia, odontalgia, otalgia
ἀλείφωaleiphōἀλειφ-aleiph-I anoint with oilaliphatic compound
ἄλκιμοςalkimosἀλκ-alc-stronganalcite
ἁλκυώνhalkuōnἁλκυ-halku-kingfisherAlcyonaria, halcyon, Halcyon, halcyonidae
ἀλληγορῶallēgorōἀλληγορ-allēgor-I interpret allegoricallyallegory
ἄλληλονallēlonἀλληλο-allēlo-of one anotherallelomorph, parallelogram
ἄλλοςallosἀλλο-allo-
all-
other, differentallochthon, allodium, allodontidae, allogenes, allograft, allography, allolactose, allometry, allomorph, allopath, allopatry, allophony, allopoiesis, allopurinol, allosaur, allotroph, allotropic, allotropy
allergy
ἅλςhalsἁλ-hal-salt
sea
halogen, haloaromatic, halobacteria, halosaur
ἀλλότροποςallotroposἀλλoτροπ-allotrop-strangeallotropy, allotropes, allotropism,
ἁλύσκωhaluskōἁλυσκ-halluc-I flee from, shun, avoid, escape <ref>ἁλύσκειν</ref>
alt. f. L. hallucinar, to dream, be deceived
hallucinosis, hallucinate
ἄλυσσοςalyssosἀλυσσ-alyss-a plant believed to cure rabiesalyssum, Alyssa
ἄλφαalphaἄλφα-alpha-alphaalphabet, alphabetize, alphagram, alphandia, alphanumeric, alpha particle
ἀλώπηξalōpēxἀλωπ-alop-foxalopecia
ἅλωςhalōsἁλως-halo-round shape, the disk of the sun, circular arcade at Delphihalo
ἈμαζώνAmazōnἈμαζο-Amazo-female warriors Gk. Myth.Amazon, Amazonomachy, Amazonite, Amazonia
ἀμάλακτοςamalaktosἀμαλ-amal-that cannot be softenedamalgam, amalgamation
ἈμάλθειαAmalthēaἀμάλθει-Amalthe-the foster-mother of ZeusAmalthea
Ἀμανίταιamanitaiἀμανίτ-amanit-a kind of fungusamanita, amanitaceae
ἀμάρανθοςamarantosἀμαρανθ-amaranth-unfading floweramaranth, amaranthaceae, amaranthoideae
Ἀμαρυλλίςamarullisἀμαρυλλ-amarull-name of a shepherdess Gk. Myth.amaryllis, amaryllidaceae
ἀμαύρωσιςamaurōsisἀμαυρω-amauro-blackenamaurosis, amaurobiidae
ἀμβλύςamblusἀμβλυ-ambly-dimamblygonite, amblyopia, amblypoda
ἄμβροτοςambrotosἀμβρο-ambro-immortalambrosia, ambrotype
ἄμβυξambixἀμβ-amb-cupalembic, alembication, alembicated
ἄμβωνambōnἀμβω-ambo-raised edgeambo
ἀμέθυστοςamethustosἀμεθυστ-amethyst-not drunk or intoxicatingamethyst, amethystizon
ἄμετροςametrosἀμετρο-ametro-without measure ametropia
ἀμίαντοςamiantosἀμιαντ-amiant-undefiledamianthus
ἄμμοςammosἀμμο-ammo-sandammoperdix, ammophila, ammotrechidae
ἀμνησίαamnēsiaἀμνησ-amnēs-oblivionamnesia
ἀμνηστίαamnēstiaἀμνηστ-amnēst-forgetfulness, amnestyamnesty, amnestic
ἀμμωνιακόςammōniakosἀμμονια-ammōnia-from Ammōnammonia, ammoniacal
ἀμμωνίςammōnisἀμμων-ammon-horn of Ammōnammonite, ammonoid, ammonoidea
ἀμνόςamnosἀμν-amn-lambamnion, amniotic, amniocentesis, amnioscope,
ἀμοιβήamoebēἀμοιβή-amoeb-changeamoeba, amoebic
ἄμορφοςamorphosἄμορφ-amorph-shapelessamorphous, amorphic
ἄμυλονamylonἄμυλ-amyl-starchamylin, amyloid, amylose, amylopectin, amylase, amyls, amylophagia, amyl
ἀμυγδαλήamugdalēἀμυγδ-
ἀλμ-
amygd-
alm-
almond treeamygdala, amygdalin, amygdule
almond
ἀμφίamphiἀμφι-amphi-on both sidesamphipoda, amphioxus, amphiglossus
ἀμφιβάλλωamphiballōἀμφιβ-amphib-throw on either side, to doubtamphibole, amphibology
ἀμφίβιοςamphibiosἀμφιβι-amphibi-living a double lifeamphibious, amphibians
ἀμφίβολοςamphibolosἀμφιβολ-amphibol-doubtfulamphibole, amphibolite
ἀμφίβραχυςamphibrakhusἀμφιβραχ-amphibrach-short at both endsamphibrach, amphibolite
ἀμφιθέατρονamphitheatronἀμφιθέατ-amphitheat-theateramphitheater, amphitheatric,
ἈμφικτυονίαAmphiktyoniaἀμφικτυονι-amphiktyoni-religious allianceAmphictyony, amphictyonic
ἀμφίμακροςamphimakrosἀμφιμακ-amphimac-long at both endsamphimacer
ἀμφορεύςamphoreusἀμφορ-amphor-beareramphora, ampulla
ἀμφότεροςamphoterosἀμφότερ-amphoter-each of twoamphoteric
ἀνάanaἀνα-ana-again, backward, upwardanabolism, anachronism, anaplasia
ἀναβαίνωanabainōἀναβα-anaba-I go upanabasis, anabatic, anabantidae
ἀναβαπτίζωanabaptizōἀναβαπτ-anabapt-I dip repeatedlyanabaptist
ἀναβιώνωanabiōnōἀναβιω-anabio-I return to lifeanabiosis,
ἀναβολήanabolēἀναβολ-anabol-putting off, delayinganabolism, anabolic steroid
ἀνάγλυφοςanagluphosἀναγλυφ-anaglyp-putting wrought in low reliefanaglyph
ἀναγραμματισμός
        -   anagrammatismos
ἀναγραμ-anagram-transpose the letters of one word so as to form anotheranagram, anagrammatize
ἀναγωγήanagōgēἀναγωγ-anagog-spiritual uplift, reference to a principleanagoge, anagogy,
ἀνάδρομοςanadromosἀναδρομ-anadrom-running upanadromous
ἀναδῶanadōἀναδ-anad-bind upanadem
ἀναδίπλωσιςanadipōlsisἀναδιπλω-anadiplo-to redoubleanadiplosis
ἀνάδρομοςanadromosἀναδρομ-anadrom-running upanadromous
ἀνάθεμαanathemaἀναθεματ-anathemat-accursedanathema,

anathematize,

ἀναισθησίαanaisthēsiaἀναισθη-anaesthe-lack of sensation, insensibility under surgical treatmentanaesthesia, anaesthesiologist, anaesthetic
ἀνάκλισιςanaklisisἀνακλι-anacli-to lean backanaclitism, anaclitic,
ἀνακολουθία
            -   anakolouthia
ἀνακολουθ-anacolouth-inconsequenceanacoluthon
ἀνάκρουσιςanacrousisἀνακρου-anacru-push back, beginning of a tuneanacrusis
ἀναλγησίαanalgesiaἀναλγησ-analges-painlessnessanalgesia, analgetic, analgesics
ἀναλέγωanalegōἀναλεγ-analeg-gatheranalects
ἀνάλειμμαanalēmmaἀναλειμ-analem-supportanalemma
ἀναληπτικόςanaleptikosἀναληπτ-analept-restorativeanaleptic
ἀνάλκιμοςanalkimosἀναλκιμ-analcim-weakanalcime, analcite
ἀναλογίαanalogiaἀναλογ-analog-proportion <ref>ἀναλογία</ref>analogy
ἀνάλογοςanalogosἀναλογ-analog-proportionate, conformable <ref>ἀνάλογος</ref>analogous, analogue
ἀναλύωanaluōἀναλυ-analy-loosen, simplifyanalysis, analytical, analyze, analyst
ἀναλφάβητοςanalphabētosἀναλφαβητ-analphabet-uneducatedanalphabetic, analphabetism
ἀνάμνησιςanamnēsisἀναμνησ-anamnes-recollection, reminiscenceanamnesis,

anamnestic,

ἀναμόρφωσιςanamorphōsisἀναμορφωσ-anamorphōs-transformationanamorphosis, anamorphic
ἂναξanaxἀναξ-anax-lord, master, kinganax
ἀνάπαιστοςanapaistosἀναπαιστ-anapaest-anapaestic verseanapest, anapestic
ἀνάπλαστοςanaplastosἀναπλαστ-anaplast-remolded

anaplastic, anaplasia

ἀναπληρωτικός
            -   anaplērōtikos
ἀναπληρωτικ-anaplerotic-filling upanaplerotic
ἀναπνοήanapnoēἀναπνο-anapno-respiration, breathinganapnoic, anapnograph
ἀναπόδεικτοςanapodeiktosἀναπόδεικ-anapodeic-not provedanapodeictic
ἀνάπτυξιςanaptuksisἀνάπτυξ-anaptyx-expansion, explanationanaptyxis
ἄναρθροςanarthrosἀναρθρ-anarthr-not articulatedanarthria, anarthrous
ἄναρχοςanarkhosἀναρχ-anarch-without a ruleranarchy, anarchism, anarchist
ἀναστομόωanastomōoἀναστομo-anastomo-furnish with a mouth, open upanastomosis
ἀναστρέφωanastrephōἀναστρεφ-anastreph-to turn backanastrophe
ἀνατείνωanateineinōἀνατ-anat-I stretchanatase
ἀνατολήanatolēἀνατολ-anatol-EastAnatolia, Anatolian
ἀνατομίαanatomiaἀνατομι-anatomi-dissectionanatomy, anatomical, anatomist
ἀνατρέπωanatrepōἀνατροπ-anatrop-to reverse

anatropia, anatropal, anatropous

ἀναφέρωanapherōἀναφoρ-anaphor-bring backanaphora
ἀναφυλάσσωanaphulassōἀναφυλ-anaphyl-I guardanaphylaxis, anaphylactic, anaphylactoid
ἀναχρονισμός
        -   anachronismos
ἀναχρον-anachron-wrong time referenceanachronistic, anachronism
ἀναχωρωanachōrōἀναχωρ-anachor-go back, retireanchorite, anchoress, anachoretic
ἈνδρομέδαAndromēdaἈνδρομέδ-Andromēd-wife of PerseusAndromeda, Andromeda polifolia
ἄνεμοςanemosἀνεμο-anemo-windanemometer, anemoscopy, anemoscope, anemophilous
ἀνέκδοτοςanekdotosἀνεκδοτ-anecdot-unpublishedanecdote, anecdotal, anecdotist
ἀνεμώνηanemonēἀνεμών-anemone-lit. daughter of the windanemone, sea-anemone
ἀνέργειαanergiaἀνεργ-anerg-cessation from workanergy
ἀνεύρισμαaneurusmaἀνεύρισμ-aneurysm-dilationaneurysm, microaneurysm
ἀνήρanērἀνδρο-
-ανδρι
andrο-
-andri
man (male human) androcentrism, androgen, android, andrologist, andrology, androstephium, androsterone, misandry,

monandry, polyandry

ἀνθολόγιονantholōgionἀνθολoγ-antholog-collection of extractsanthology, anthologist
ἄνθοςanthosἀνθο-antho- floweranthology, anthophyta, anthostema, anthogonium, Anthozoa, anthocleista, anthotype, anthocyanin, anthocerotophyta
ἀνθρακίτιςanthrakitēsἀνθρακιτ-anthracit-kind of coalanthracite, anthracite iron
ἄνθραξanthraxἀνθρ-anthr-coalanthrax, anthracotherium, anthracosauria, anthracosis
ἄνθρωποςanthrōposἀνθρωπο-anthrōpo-human beinganthropology, anthropomorphism, anthropopathy, anthropometrics, anthropomancy, anthropopath, anthropoglot,anthroponyms, anthroposophical, anthroponym, anthropomorphists, anthropocentrism, anthropomorphics, anthropoidea, anthroposemiotics, misanthrope, zoanthropy
ἀνιέναιanienaiἀνι-ani-to go up anion, anionic
ἄνισοςanisosἀνισο-aniso-unequal, dissimilar, unevenanisogamous, anisometric, anisometropia, anisotropic
ἂννησονannēsonἂννησ-anis-dillanise, aniseed, anisette
ἄνοδοςanodosἀνοδ-anod-way upanode, anodising
ἄνομοςanomosἀνομ-anom-lawlessanomie, anomic
ἄνοργοςanorgosἀνoργ-anorg-not wrathfulanorgasmic, anorgasmia
ἀνορεξίαanorexiaἀνορεκ-anorec-lack of appetiteanorexia, anorectic, anorexigenic
ἄνορθοςanorthosἀνορθο-anortho-slopinganorthosite, anorthoclase, anorthite
ἀνταγωνίζεσθαι
        -   antagōnizesthai
ἀνταγωνιζ-antagōniz-struggle against, prove a match forantagonize, antagonist, antagonism, antagonistic
ἀνταρκτικόςantarktikosἀνταρκτικ-antarctic-antarctic <ref>ἀνταρκτικός </ref>antarctic, antarctica,
ἀντίantiἀντι-anti-opposite, counterantibiotic, anticyclone, antidiabetic, antihero, antihistamine, antioxidant, antiseptic, antistatic
ἀντίδοτονantidotonἀντιδοτ-antidot-to give as a remedy againstantidote, antidoting
ἀντινομίαantinomiaἀντινομ-antinom-contradiction between lawsantinomy, antinomianism
ἀντιπάθειαantipatheiaἀντιπαθ-antipath-of opposite feelingsantipathetic,

antipathy

ἀντίπουςantipousἀντιποδ-antipod-the opposite foot, diametrically opposedantipodes, antipodean, antipodal
ἀντισήπωantisēpōἀντισηπ-antisep-make to putrefy in turnantisepsis, antiseptic
ἀντίστροφοςantistrophosἀντιστροφ-antistroph-to invertantistrophe
ἀντιτιθέναιantitithenaiἀντιθ-antith-to opposeantithesis, antithetic, antithetical
ἀντιφράζωantiphrazōἀντιφρα-antiphra-speak the oppositeantiphrasis
ἀντίφωνοςantiphōnosἀντιφων-antiphon-sounding in answerantiphon, anthem
ἄντρονantronἀντρ-antr-cave, cavityantrum
ἀντωνυμείνantōnymeinἀντωνυμ-antonym-to have an opposite denominationantonym, antonymous
ἄνυδροςanhudrosἀνυδρ-anhydr-waterless, aridanhydrite, anhydrous, anhydrobiosis
ἀνώδυνοςanōdunosἀνωδυν-anodyn-waterless, aridanodyne, anodynous
ἀνώμαλοςanōmalosἀνώμαλ-anōmal-unevenanomalocarid, anomalopidae, anomalopus, anomaluridae, anomaly, abnormal through Latin
ἀνώνυμοςanōnumosἀνωνυμ-anonym-namelessanonymity, anonymous, anonymity , anonymously
ἀνωφελήςanōphelēsἀνωφελ-anophel-unprofitable, uselessanopheles, anopheline, anophelorastia
ἄξιοςaxiosἀξιο-axio-worthyaxiological, axiology, axiology, axiom, axiomatic, axiomatisation
ἄξωνaxōnἀξο-axo-
axi-
axisaxoneme, axoplasm, axisymmetric
ἀόριστοςaoristosἀοριστ-aorist-indefinite aorist
ἀορτήaortēἀορτ-aort-the great arteryaortic, aorta
ἀπαθέςapathēsἀπαθ-apath-without feelingapatheism, apatheist, apathetic, apathy
ἃπαξhapaxἁπαξ-apax-oncehapax legomenon, hapaxes
ἀπάτηapatēἀπατ-apat-deceitapatite, apatosaurus
ἁπλούςhaplousἁπλο-haplo-single haplodiploid, haploid, haploidisation, haplorrhini, haplotype
ἀπόapoἀπο-apo-away fromapology, apostrophe, apocrypha
ἀπόγειονapogeionἀπογει-apogei-far from the earthapogee
ἀποδεικτικός
            -   apodeiktikos
ἀποδεικτ-apodict-demonstrableapodictic, apodictically
ἀποδιδώναιapodidōnaiἀποδ-apod-to give backapodosis
ἀπόθεμαapothemaἀπόθεμ-apothem-something laid downapothem
ἀποθέωσιςapotheōsisἀποθεω-apotheo-to deifyapotheosis, apotheon
ἀποθήκηapothēkēἀποθηκ-apothek-storehouseapothecary, apothecium
ἀποκαλύπτωapokaluptōἀποκαλυπ-apocalyp-to revealapocalypse
ἀποκόπτωapokoptōἀποκoπ-apokop-cut offapocopation, apocope
ἀποκρίνωapokrinōἀποκριν-apokrin-to set apartapocrine
ἀποκρύπτωapokruptōἀποκρυπ-apokryp-to hide awayapocrypha, apocryphal
ἀπολογίαapologiaἀπολογ-apolog-apologyapology, apologue, apologetic, apologeticism, apologia
ἀπόμιξιςapomixisἀπομιξ-apomix-without mixingapomixis, apomictic
ἀπονευρούσθαι
        -   aponeurousthai
ἀπονευρ-aponeur-to become tendinousaponeurosis
ἀποπλήσσωapoplēssōἀποπληξ-apoplēx-cripple by a stroke apoplexy, apoplectic
ἄποροςaporosἀπορ-apor-impassableaporia
ἀποστάτηςapostatēsἀποστατ-apostat-defectorapostate, apostasy
ἀποστέλλωapostellōἀποστολ-apostol-send awayapostle, apostolic
ἀποστρέφωapostrephōἀποστροφ-apostroph-turn awayapostrophe, apostrophic, apostrophising
ἀποτρόπαιονapotropaionἀποτρo-apotro-something that averts evilapotropaic, apotropaism
ἄπουςapousἀποδ-apod-without feetapodidae, apoda, apus, apodization
ἀποφάναιapophanaiἀποφα-apopha-to say noapophasis
ἀποφθέγεσται
        -   apophthengesthai
ἀποφθεγ-apophtheg-
apotheg-
to speak plainlyapothegm
ἀποφύομαιapophuomaiἀποφυ-apophu-grow out like a shootapophysis, apophysomyces, zygapophysis
ἄπτεροςapterosἀπτερ-apter-winglessApteryx, Apterygidae, Apterygota, Apteropanorpidae
ἀράχνηarakhnēἀραχνηarachnē-spiderarachnid
ἄργιλλοςargillosἀργιλλ-argill-clayargillite, argillaceous
ἊρηςArēsἀρεο-areo-planet Marsareocentric, areology, areography
ἀριθμόςarithmosἀριθμarithm-numberarithmetic
ἀρκέωarkeōἀρκ-ark-to ward off, to defend, to assist ἀρκέειν
alt. f. L. arceo "to enclose, keep out, prevent
arc, arcade
ἀρθρῖτιςarthritisἀρθριτ-arthrit-inflammation of joint arthritis, osteoarthritis
ἄρθρονarthronἀρθρο-arthrο-jointarthropod, arthroscopy, arthropathy
ἄρθρωσις arthrōsisἀρθρ-arthr-articulationdysarthria, diarthrosis, anarthrous
ἀριθμόςarithmosἀριθμ-arithm-numberarithmetic, logarithm
ἄριστοςaristosἀριστο-aristo-bestaristocracy
ΑρκαδίαarcadiaΑρκαδ-arcad-area in Peloponnese, Greece, emblematic of rural peaceAcadian
ἄρκτοςarktosἀρκτ-arct-bear, the northern constellation Ursa Majorarctic
ἀρκτούροςarktourosἀρκτουρ-arctur-bearwardarcturus, arcturis, arcturian
ἁρμονίαharmoniaἁρμονι-harmoni-agreement, harmonyharmony, harmonium, harmonica, harmonisation, harmonics, enharmonic
ἁρμόςharmosἀρμ-arm-joint, shoulderharmotome, arm
ἀρρυθμίαarrhuthmiaἀρρυθμ-arrythm-lack of rhythmarrhythmia, arrhythmic, antiarrhythmic
ἄρτιοςartiosἀρτιο-artio-evenartiodactyl
ἀρχαῖοςarkhaiosἀρχαιο-archaio-ancientarchaeology, archetype
ἀρχήarcheἀρχη-archi-chief, authorityarchaic, archbishop, anarchy, archidiptera, archigram, archipelago, architeuthidae
ἀρχιτέκτωνarkhitektōnἀρχιτεκτ-architect-chief builderarchitecture, architect
ἄρχωνarkhōnἀρχω-archo-rulerarchon, archosaur, archostemata
ἄρωμαarōmaἀρωμα-aroma-spicearoma, aromatic compounds
ἀσθένειαastheneiaἀσθεν-asthen-weaknessasthenia, asthenopia
ἄσθμαasthmaἀσθμα-asthma-asthmaasthmatic
ἈσίαAsiaἀσια-Asia-Mythological daughter of IapetosAsia, Asian, Asianisation, asiaphile
ἀσπάραγοςaspharagosἀσπαραγ-asparag-asparagusasparagine acid, aspartame, aspartate
ἀσπίςaspisἀσπ-asp-shieldasp
ἀστήρastērἀστερ-aster-starasteroid, asterisk
ἀστιγματισμός
        -   astigmatismos
ἀστιγματ-astigmat-without focusastigmatism
ἀστράγαλοςastragalosἀστράγαλ-astragal-vertebra, knuckleboneastragalus
ἄστρονastronἀστρο-astro-constellationastronomy, astrology, astrophysics, astrodynamics, astronaut, astrolabe
ἄσυλονasulonἀσυλ-asyl-sanctuaryasylum
ἀσφυξίαasphuxiaἀσφυξ-asphyx-stopping of the pulseasphyxiant
ἀτμόσφαιραatmosphaeraἀτμοσφαιρ-atmospher-vapor + sphereatmosphere, atmospheric
ἊτλαςAtlasἀτλα-atla-name of a Titanatlas, Atlantic
ἄτομοςatomosἀτομ-atom-un + cutatomic, atomizer
ἀτονίαatoniaἀτον-aton-slackatony, atonal
ἄτροποςatroposἀτροπ-atrop-inexorableatropos, atropine, atropa
ἈττικήAttikiἈττικ-attic-A region of east-central Greece attic, atticism
αὐθεντικόςauthentikosαὐθεντικ-authentic-originalauthentication, authentic
αὐστηρόςaustērosαὐστηρ-auster-harsh, bitterausterity
αὐταρχίαautarchiaαὐταρχ-autarch-absolute governingautarchy, autarchism
αὐτάρκειαautarkiaαὐτάρκ-autark-self-sufficiencyautarky
αὐτόχθωνautochthōnαὐτόχθ-autochth-of the land itshelfautochthon, autochthonic, autochthonous
αὐτοψίαautopsiaαὐτοψ-autops-a seeing for oneself autopsy
αὐξάνεινauxaneinαὐξ-aux-to increaseauxin, auxesis,
αὐτόςautosαὐτο-auto-self (reflexive pronoun)autonomy, automatic
ἀφαιρείνaphaireinἀφαιρ-apher-take away apheresis, hemapheresis
ἀφανήςaphanēsἀφαν-aphan-unseenaphanes, aphaniotis, aphanite, aphanitic
ἄφατοςaphatosἀφασ-aphas-speechlessaphasia, aphasiology, anomic aphasia
ἀφιέναιaphienaiἀφεσ-aphes-to let goaphesis, aphetic, aphetism
ἈφροδίτηAphroditēἀφροδι-aphrodi-risen from sea-foam, name of a goddessaphrodisiac, aphrodisia,
ἀχαίνεινakhaineinἀχαιν-achen-without yawningachene
ἀχάτηςachātēsἀχάτ-agat-a variety of mineralagate, agateware
ἀχρώματοςakhrōmatosἀχρωματ-achrοmat-without colorachromatic, achromatin, achromatopsia, achromatism, achromatic
αψίνθιονapsinthionαψινθ-apsinth-alcoholic liqueurabsinthe
ἁψίςhapsisἁψ-aps-archapse, apsis, apsidal, hassium, Diapsida

Β

b

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
βάθοςbathos βάθο-batho-depthbathos
βαθύςbathus βαθυ-bathu-deepbathybius, bathymetry, bathyscaphe, bathysphere
βακτήιονbacterion βακτήιο-bacterio-stick, staffbacteremia, bacteria, bactericide. bacteriocin, bacteriophage, bacteriorhodopsin, bacteriostasis, bacteriuria
βάλλωballo βαλλ-ball-to throwbalista, ballistics, ballistite, ballistocardiography, ballistospore
βαπτίζεινbaptizein βαρτι-bapti-dip, immerse, cleanseanabaptist, baptise, baptism, baptist, baptistery, pedobaptism
βάρβαροςbarbaros βαρβαρο-barbaro-stranger, a non-Greekbarbarian, barbarism,
βάροςbaros βάρο-baro-weightbarology, barometer, isobar, millibar
βαρύςbarusβαρυ-baru-heavybaritone
βασιλεύςbasileus βαςιλ-basil-kingbasil, basilica, basilicon, basilisk
βάσιςbasis βα-ba-walk, gobase, basis, basilect
βάτραχοςbatrakhos βάτραχ-batrakh-frogbatrachite
βδέλλαbdellaβδελλ-bdell-leechbdelloidea
βιβλίονbiblionβιβλίο-biblio-bookbible, bibliography, bibliolatry, bibliomancy, bibliomania, bibliophile, bibliotherapy
βίοςbiosβιο-bio-lifeantibiotic, autobiography, biography, biology, biopsy, bios
βλαστόςblastosβλαςτο-blasto-sprout, germblastoderm, blastoid, blastoma, blastula
βουλήboulēβουλ-boul-willabulia, boule, hyperboulia
βορέαςboreasβορεα-borea-north, the north windAurora Borealis, hyperborean
βοῦsbousβου-bou-oxboustrophedon, bulimia
βραχύςbrakhusβραχυ-brakhu-shortbrachycephalic
βραδύςbradusβραδύ-bradū-slowbradycardia, bradykinin, bradyphrasia
βρῶμοςbromosβρὁνχ-βρωμ-stinkbromate, bromide, bromidrosis, bromine, bromocriptine, bromargyrite
βρόνχοςbronkhusβρὁνχ-bronkh-windpipebronchiole, bronchitis, bronchocele, bronchophony, bronchoscopy, bronchotomy, bronchus
βροντήbrontēβροντ(ο)-bront(o)-thunderbrontology, brontosaurus, brontotheriidae

Γ

g

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
γάδοςgadosγαδ-gad-codGadidae
γαῖα, γῆgaia, gēγεα-gea-earthapogee, geology, Gaia, geochronology, geometry, geography, perigee
γάλαgalaγαλακτ(ο)-galact(o)-milkgalactose, galactosemia, galactosamine, galax, galaxy
γαλέαgaleaγαλέα-galeagalleygalley
γάλιονgalionγάλιον)-galionbedstrawgalium
γάμμαgammaγαμμαgammagammagammadion, gamut
γάμοςgamosγαμ-gam-marriageagamia, agamidae, bigamy, hierogamy, gamete, monogamy, polygamy
γάγγλιονganglionγαγγλι-gangli-subcutaneous tumourganglion, ganglionectomy
γάγγραιναgangrainaγάγγραιναgangrainagangrenegangrene
γάνοςganosγανο-gano-brightganodonta
γαστήρgastērγαστ(ε)ρ(ο)-gast(e)r(o)-stomachgasteromycete, gastrectomy, gastritis, gastroenterology, gastrolith, gastromancy, gastronomy, gastropoda
γέννησιςgenesisγέν-gen-to give birth, beget genetic, genesis, gene
γῆραςgerasγηρ-ger-old agegeriatric
γέρανοςgeranosγεραν-geran-crane geranium
γέρονgeronγέροντ-geront-old mangerontocracy, gerontology, gerousia
γεύεινgeueinγευσ-ageus-to tasteageusia, ageustia, hypergeusia, parageusia
γιγνῶσκεινgignōskeinγνῶ-gnō-
gnē-
to know agnosticism, agnostic, agnostida, agnostidae, agnost, diagnostic, gnosis, gnosticism
γίγαςgigasγιγ-giga-huge, enormousgiant, gigabyte, gigantic
γλαυκόςglaukosγλαυκ-glauk-blue-green, grayglaucoma, glauconite
γλίαgliaγλι(α)-gli(a)-glueglioblastoma, glioma, gliosarcoma, gliosis, gliotoxin, gloeocapsa
γλὃσσις
γλὃττις
glossis
glottis
γλὃσσ
γλὃττ-
gloss-
glott-
tongueanthropoglot, diglossia, epiglottis, epiglottitis, gloss, glossary, glossodynia, glossematics, glossolalia, glossopteris, glottis, glottochronology, idioglossia, isogloss, monoglottism, polyglot, proglottid, xenoglossy
γλουτόςgloutosγλουτ-glout-buttock gluteus
γλυφήglypheγραφ-glyph-carving, carved work glyph, petroglyph
γλυκύςglukusγραφ-glyk-sweetglucosamine, glucose, glycemia, glyceria, glyceride, glycerol, glycine, glycolysis
γλωχίςglokhisγλωχ-glokh-arrow-headglochidium
γνάθοςgnathosγναθ(ο)-gnath(o)-jaw gnathitis, gnathopod, gnathostomata
γνώμηgnōmēγνώμη)gnomethought, opinion gnome
γνώμωνgnōmōnγνώμων)gnomoninspector, indicator gnomon
γοητείαgoeteiaγοητεία)goeteiawitchcraft goety
γόμφοςgomphosγόμφος)gomphosbolt gomphosis
γράφεινgrapheinγραφ-graph-to write autograph, biography, graphics, geography, xerography
γρυπόςgryposγρυποςgryposgriffin griffin
γυνήgunēγυναικ-gunaik-womangynaeceum, gynaecocracy, gynecology, gynocentrism, misogynist, polygyny
γωνίαgoniaγων-gon-angledecagon, diagonal, dodecagon, enneagon, hendecagon, heptagon, hexagon, goniometer, gonioscopy, octagon, orthogon, polygon, tetragon, trigonometry

Δ

d

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
δαίμονdaimon δαίμον-daimona divinitydaimon, demon, demonology
δάκρυονdakruon δακρυο-dakruo-teardacryocystitis, dacryon
δάκτυλοςdaktulos δακτυλ-daktul-fingerdactyl, dactyliomancy, dactylosaurus, dactylitis, pterodactyl
δασύςdasus δασυ-dasu-thick, densedasylirion, dasymeter, dasypeltis
δέκαdeka δεκαdekatendecad, decalogue, decameron, decamethonium, decasyllable, decathlon
δέλταdelta δελταdeltathe letter deltadelta
δελτίονdeltion δελτιο-deltio-small writing tabletdeltiology
δελφίςdelphis δελφίςdelphisdolphindauphin
δέμνιονdemnion δεμνιονdemnionbeddidemnum
δῆμοςdēmos δημο-dēmo-district, its inhabitants, commonersdemagogy, deme, demiurge, democracy, demographic, demography, demotic, Dimotiki
δένδρονdendron δενδρ[ο]-dendr[o]-treedendrite, dendrochronology, dendroclimatology, dendrogram, dendrology, liriodendron, Philodendron, rhododendron, Toxicodendron
δέρμαderma δερμ[α]-derm[a]-skindermatoglyphics, dermatology, dermatome, dermatomyositis, dermatophyte, dermis
δεύτεροςdeuteros δευτερο]-deutero-seconddeuterium, Deuteronomy
διάdia δια-diathroughadiabatic, diabetes, diagnosis, dialogue
διάβολοςdiabolos διαβολ-/διαβλ-diabol-/diabl-devildiablotin, diablerie, diabolism
δίαιταdiaitaδίαιτ-diaitway of lifediet
διάκονοςdiakonosδιακον-diakonservent, messengerdeacon
δίδυμοιdidumoi διδυμ-didum-in twinsdidymium, epididymis
δίηγησιςdiegesis διηγηςις-diegesisnarration, narrativediegesis
διοίκησιςdioikesisδιοικης-dioikeshousekeeping, managementdiocese
δίοπτρονdioptronδδίοπτρ-dioptrspy-glassdioptre
δίςdis δι-di-twicediatomic, digamma
δίχαdikha διχο-dikho-in two, asunder, apartdichogamy, dichotomy
διφθέραdiphthera διφθερ-diphther-skin, hide, piece of leatherdiphtheria
δόξαdoxaδοξ-dox-opinion, praisechionodoxa, doxology, doxography, orthodoxy, paradox, paradoxology, paradoxurus
δράσιςdrasisδρασ-dras-actiondrastic
δρόμοςdromosδρομ-drom-racing, running, racecourse, courseaerodrome, Dromaeosauridae, dromedary, dromomania, dromotropic, hippodrome, syndrome
δύναμιςdunamisδυν-dun-power, strength, forceadynamia, adynamic, aerodynamics, aerodyne, amplidyne, autodyne, dynameter, dynamicism, dynamics, dynamism, dynamite, dynamo, dynamometer, dynamotor, dynasty, dynatron, dyne, electrodynamics, heterodyne, hydrodynamics, isodynamic, magnetohydrodynamics, metadyne, neutrodyne, psychodynamics, superheterodyne, thermodynamics

Ε

(h)e

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ἕβδομάςhebdomasἕβδομάδ-hebdomad-weekhebdomad
ἐγκυκλοπαίδεια
     -  enkyklopaideia
ἐγκυκλοπαιδ-
        -   encycloped-
encyclopedia, lit. rounded educationencyclopedia
εἰκώνeikonεἰκώνiconicon, picture, paintingicon, iconicity, iconoclast
ἓκλειψιςecleipsisἑκλειψ-eklipse-eclipseeclipse, eclipsis, ecliptic
έλαιονelaeonέλαι-elae-oilvaseline
ελαστικόςelastikosελαστικ-elastik-elasticelastic, elasticity
ἕλιξhelixἑλικ-helic-helixhelix, helicopter, helicity
ἓλλειψιςelleipsisἓλλειψ-ellipse-ellipseellipse, ellipsis, ellipsoid, ellipticity
έργονergonέργerg-workerg, ergonomics, zymurgy
ἑπιγραφήepigrapheἑπιγραφ-epigraph-title, inscriptionanepigraphic, epigraph, epigraphy
επίσκοποςepiskoposεπισκοπ-episkop-overseerbishop, episcopacy
επιστήμηepistemeεπιστημepistem-good knowledge (science)episteme, epistemology
ὲρπετόνherpetonἑρπετό-herpeto-creeping animalherpetology
ἐρυθρόςerythrosἐρυθρ-/ἐρυ-erythr-/ery-rederysipelas, erysipeloid, Erythrina, erythrism, erythrite, erythritol, erythroblast, erythroblastosis, erythrocyte, erythrocytosis, erythrolitmin, erythromycin, erythronium, erythropoiesis, erythropoietin, erythrose
ἑπτάheptaἑπτα-hepta-sevenheptarchy, heptagon, heptameter
ἔτυμον etymonἔτυμον etymontrueetymology
εὖeuεύ-eu-welleulogy, eunomia, euphemism, euphoria
ευρύςeurysευρ-eur-wideEurope

Ζ

z

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ζήλοςzēlosζηλ-zel-zealzeal, zealot, zealotry, zelotypia
ζητώzētoζητε-zete-search, inquirezetetic
ζευγνύωzeugnyoζευγν-zeugn-to yokesyzygy, zeugma, zygote
ζέφυροςzephyrosζέφυρ-zephyr-west windzephyr
ζίζυφονzizuphonζζίζυφονzizuphonjujubeziziphus
ζώνηzōnēζών-zōn-beltzone
ζῶονzōonζωο-zōo-animalazoospermia, bryozoa, cryptozoa, cryptozoology, Mesozoa, metazoon, placozoa, protozoa, protozoology, spermatozoon, zoantharia, zoanthropy, zoochlorella, zodiac, zoea, zoetrope, zoo, zoogeography, zoography, zoolatry, zoology, zoomorphism, zoophilia, zoophyte, zoopraxiscope, zoospore, zootomy, zooxanthella
ζωστήρzosterζωστήρzostergirdlezoster
ζύεινzyeinζύεινzyeinto scrapexyster, xyston, xystus
ζυγόνzygonζυγοzygoa yokezygon, zygospore
ζύλοηzylonζύλο-/ζύλ-zylo, zyl-woodxylan, xylene, xylidine, xylitol, xylobalsamum, xylocaine, xylograph, xylophone, xylorimba, xylose, xylyl
ζύμηzymēζύμ-zym-leavenazyme, enzyme, exoenzyme, isoenzyme, isozyme, lysozyme, pancreozymin, ribozyme, zymase, zymogen, zymosis, zymurgy

Η

(h)ē

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ἡγεμῶνhēgemōnἡγεμον-hēgemon-leaderhegemony
ἡδύςhēdusἡδυ-hēdu-sweethedychium
ήθοςēthosήθ-ēth-moralethics, ethos
ἥλιοςhēliosἡλιο-hēlio-sunanthelion, aphelion, helianthus, heliocentric, heliochrome, helion, heliodon, heliograph, heliography, heliometer, helioscope, helioseismology, heliostat, heliotropic, heliotropism, helium, parhelion, perihelion
ἡμέραhēmeraἡμέρ-hēmer-dayephemeral, ephemeris, ephemeron, hemera, hemeralopia, Hemerobiidae, hemerocallis, nycthemeron
ἠώςēōsἠο-ēo-dawneocene, eolith, eosin, eosinophil, eozoon

Θ

th

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
θάνατοςthanatosθάνατ-thanat-deatheuthanasia, thanatology, thanatosis
θεόςtheosθε-the-a godatheism, theocracy, theology, theism
θεωρίαtheōriaθεωρ-theor-theorytheory
θεραπείαtherpeiaθεραπείαtherpeiamedical treatmentpsychotherapy, therapeutics, therapy
θερμόςthermosθερμ-therm-hothyperthermia, hypothermia, isotherm, thermal, thermoelectric
θρόνοςthronosθρον-thron-an elevated seatdethronement, enthronement, throne

Ι

(h)i

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ἱερόςhierosἱερο-hiero-sacredhierarchy, hieroglyph
ἴπποςhipposὶππο-/ὶππ-hippo-/hipp-horsehipparch, hippeastrum, hippocampus, hippodrome, hippogriff, hippology, hippopotamus, hippuris, hippus
ἱστορίαhistoriaἱστορ-histor-historyhistory
ἰατρόςiatrosἰατρο-iatro-physician, healerpsychiatrist, geriatrics
ἴδιοςidiosἰδι-idi-one’s own, privateidiolect, idiom, idiosyncrasy, idiot
ἰέναιienaiἰόν-ion-goanion, ion
ἰχθύςikhthusἰχθυ-ikhthu-fishikhthus, ichthyology

Κ

k, c

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
κακόςkakosκακο-kako-badcacophony, cacochymy, cacodemon, cacodyl, cacoethes, caconym, cacotopia, cacoxenite
καλόςkalosκαλο-
καλλι-
kalo-
kalli-
beautifulcalotype
calligraphy, calisthenics
καλύπτωkalyptoκαλυπτ-
καλυψ-
kalypt-
kalyps-
I coverapocalypse, apocalypticism, calyptra, calyptrogyne, eucalyptus
κάμμαροςkammarosκαμμαρ-kammar-sea-crab, lobstergammaridae
καρπόςkarposκαρπ-carp-fruitacarpous, artocarpus, ascocarp, carpel, carpolite, carpology, dipterocarpaceae, discocarpus, endocarp, exocarp, hydnocarpus, lithocarpus, macrocarpa, mericarp, mesocarp, monocarpic, oligocarpus, parthenocarpy, pericarp, physocarpus, pilocarpine, podocarp, polycarpic, schizocarp, sporocarp, stenocarpus, trachycarpus
κάρυονkaruonκάρυονkaruonnutdikaryon
κατάkataκατά-kat(a)-downwards, alongacatalepsy, autocatalysis, catabolism, catachresis, cataclysm, catadioptrics, catagenesis, cataglottis, catalepsy, catalysis, catalog, cataphora, catastrophe, cataplasm, cataplexy, cataract, catarrh, catasetum, catastasis, catasterism, catastrophe, catastrophism, catatonia, category, katabasis
κέντρονkentronκέντρ-kentr-centrecentre, central, androcentrism, anthropocentrism
κέραςkerasκερατ(ο)-kerat(o)-hornceratopsid, ceratosaurus, triceratops
κήτοςkētosκητο-kēto-sea monster, whalecetacea, cetology
κιθάραkitharaκιθάρ-kithar-luteguitar, zither
κινεσθαιkinesthaiκινεσις-kinesis-to move, motionpsychokinesis, kinetic energy, kinesis
κίρκοςkirkosκιρκο-kirko-ring, circlecircus
κλῶνοςklōnosκλῶν-klōn-branch, twigclone, cloning
κόσμοςkosmosκοσμ-kosm-order, the universe, jewelcosmetic, cosmography, cosmology, cosmopolitan
κρυπτόςkruptosκρυπτ-krupt-hiddencryptology
κράτοςkratosκρατ-krat-power, ruleautocrat, democracy, bureaucracy
κῦδοςkūdosκυδ-kūd-glory, famekudos
κύκλοςkukloκυκλ(ο)-kukl(o)-circlecycle, cyclotron
κῦμαkumaκυμ-kum-wavecymatium, myokymia
κύων, κυνόςkūon, kunosκυν-kun-dogcynanthropy, cynic, cynicism, cynocephaly, cynodont, cynosure
κύστηkusteκυστ-kust-cyst, bladdercyst, cystectomy, cysteine

Λ

l

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
λαόςlāos λαο-lāo-people laity
λέγωlego λεγ λογ-leg- log-to say epistemology, dialect
λέθαργοςlethargos λέθαργ-letharg-forgetful lethargy, Lethe
λἢμμαlemma λημμαlemmaassumption, premiss dilemma, lemma
λέξιςlexis λεξι-lexi-word alexia, dyslexia, lexicography, lexicon,
λευκόςleukos λευκο-leuko-white leukemia, leukocyte
λίθοςlithos λιθο-litho-stoneacrolith, batholith, coccolith, coprolith, cystolith, eolith, gastrolith, laccolith, lithate, lithiasis, lithography, lithology, lithomancy, lopolith, megalith, microlith, monolith, neolithic, otolith, paleolith, Paleolithic, phacolith, phytolith, protolith, regolith, tonsillolith, xenolith
λόγοςlogosλογο-logo-thought, word logic, theology
λύωluō λυ-/λυσ-lu-/lūs-break, loosen, dissolveanalysis, electrolysis, lysis, Lysistrata

Μ

m

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
μαθηματικόςmathēmatikosμαθηματικ-mathēmatik-fond of learningmathematics, mathematical, polymath
μακρόςmakrosμακρο-makro-longmacron, macrobiotic
μέγαςmegasμεγα-
μεγαλο-
mega-
megalo-
big, largemegabyte, megafauna, megaphone,
megalomania, megalopolis
μέθοδοςmethodosμεθοδ-method-methodmethod
μέλαςmelasμελαν-melan-pigmented, black, inkMelanesia, melanocyte, melancholy, melanoma
μέταλλονmetallonμεταλλ-metal-metalmedal, metalloid
μετρώmetroμετρε-metre-to measure geometry, metre
μηχανήmechanμηχαν-mechan-machine machine, mechanics
μικρόςmikrosμικρο-mikro-small micron, microscope
μῖσοςmīsosμισ-mīs-hatredmisandry, misogyny, misanthrope
μνῆστιςmnēstisμνη-mne-memoryamnesia, amnesty, Mneme, mnemonic
μόνοςmonosμονο-mono-alone, solitary, forsakenmonotony, monologue, monogamy, monocle, monolith, monotheist, monopsony, monopoly
μωρόςmorosμωρο-moro-dullmoron, oxymoron
ΜοῦσαMousaμουσ-mous-a patron goddess of the artsMuse, music, museum
μῦςmusμυο-muo/myo-musclefibromyalgia, myoblast, myocarditis, myoclonus, myocyte, myoglobin

Ν

n

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
νάνοςnanosνανο-nano-dwarfnanometry, nanosecond, nanotechnology
νάρθηξnarthexνάρθηξnarthesgiant fennelnarthex
ναυτικόςnautikosναυτ-naut-sailor, shipaeronautics, astronaut, astronautics, naumachia, nausea, nautical, nautilus
νεκρόςnekrosνεκρο-nekro-dead bodynecromancy, necrophilia, necrophobia, necropolis, necrosis
νέκταρnektarνέκταρnektardrink of the godsnectar
νέοςneosνεο-neo-new, youngneon, neologism
νεὔρονneuronνεὔρ(ο)-neur(o)-nerve, sinewneuralgia,neurapraxia, neurasthenia, neurectomy, neurine, neuritis, neurobiology, neurochemistry, neurogenesis, neurolemma, neurolinguistics, neurology, neuron, neuropathy, neurosis
νεφρόςnephrosνεφρ(ο)-nephr(o)-kidneynephrectomy, nephritis, nephrology, nephron, nephropathy, nephrosis, nephrotomy
νίκηnikeνίκ-nik-victoryBerenice, Veronica
νόσοςnososνοσο-noso-diseasenosology

Ξ

ks

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ξανθόςxanthosξανθ-xanth-yellowXanthippe, xanthene, xanthine, xanthophyll, xanthosis, xanthus
ξένοςxenosξενο-xeno-strange, stranger, guestxenia, xenon, xenophobia, xenophobic, xenopus
ξηρόςxerosξερο-xero-dryxerasia, xerography, xerophyte, xerophthalmia, xerox
ξίφοςxiphosξιφ-xiph-swordxiphias
ξύλονxulonξυλ-xul-woodxylan, xylem, xylene, xylitol, xylophone, xylyl
ξύωxyoξυ-xy-scrapexyster

Ο

(h)o

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ὀδούςodousὀδοντ-odont-toothorthodontia
οἷκοςoikosοῒκο-oiko-houseandroecium, ecocentrism, ecology, ecomuseum, econometrics, economics, economism, economy, ecophysiology, ecopoiesis, ecoregion, ecosphere, ecosystem, ecotechnology, ecotone, ecotourism, ecotoxicity, ecotoxicology, ecotype, ecozone, macroeconomics, microeconomics, oeconomus, synoecism
οῒνοςoinosοἰνο-oino-wineoenomel, oenology
οκτώoktoοκτ-okt-eightoctagon, octopus
ὀλίγοςoligosὀλιγο-oligo-few, littleoligarchy
ὅμοςhomosὁμο-homo-equal, samehomogeneity, homology, homomorphism,
ὅμοιοςhomoiosὁμοιο-homoio-similarhomeomorphism, homeopathy, homeoptoton, homeosis, homeostasis, homeoteleuton, homeothermic
ὅγκοςonkosογκο-onko-mass, bulkoncogene, oncogenesis, oncology
ὀξύςoxusὀξυ-oxu-sharp, acid, sourhyperoxaluria, oxalis, oxamide, oxidation, oxide, oxoacid, oxycephaly, oxycodone, oxygen, oxygenation, oxymoron
ὄραμαoramaὄραμαoramaa sightdiorama, panorama
ὄργανονorganonὀργαν-organ-organ, instrument, toolorgan, organism
ὀρθόςorthosὀρθ-orth-straight, correct, normalorthography, orthogonal
ὄρνιςornisὀρνιθ-ornith-birdOrnithodelphia, ornithology, ornithomancy
ὅροςhorosὂρο-hor-limit, boundaryhoropter
ούouού-ou-notutopia

Π

p

pathos
Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
παιδείαpaideiaπαιδεια-paideia-education, cultureencyclop(a)edia
παλαιόςpalaiosπαλαι(ο)-palai(o)-ancient, oldpaleoanthropology, paleobiology, paleobotany, paleocene, paleoecology, paleogeology, paleography, paleolithic, paleontology, paleozoic
παιςpaisπαιδ-paid-boy, childpaediatrician, pedophilia, pederast
παραparaπαρ(α)-par(a)-alongside of, by, past, beyondparadox
πᾶςpasπαν-, παντο-pan-, panto-all, completepantheism, pantomime, panacea, pandemic
πατήρpatērπατρ-patr-fatherpatriarch
πειρᾶνpeiranπειρα-peiraattack, assaultpirate, piracy
πείραpeiraπειρ-peirexperienceempirical, empiricism
περίperiπερι-periaroundperimeter, period, periphrasis
πέτραpetraπέτρα-petrarock petrify, petroleum, petrology
πλεῖωνpleionπλειω-/πλεω-pleio/-pleomore, abundance, to be fullpleiotropy, pleochroism, pleocytosis, pleomorphism, pleonasm, pleonaste, pleonexia, plethora
πληγήplegeπληγ-}-pleg-strokediplegia, paraplegia
πόλιςpolisπολε-pole-citymegalopolis, metropolis, polis, political, police, polity
πόλοςpolοsπολ-pol-axis, skybipolar, North Pole, Polaris, polarity, polarization
πολύςpolusπολυ-polu-many, muchhoi polloi, polygamy, polyglot, Polynesia, polyphony, polytechnic, polytonic
ποταμόςpotamosποταμ-potam-riverhippopotamus, Mesopotamia, Potamogalinae
πούςpousπούς/ποδ-podfootamblypoda, amphipod, arthropod, bipod, brachiopod, branchiopod, cephalopod, chenopod, decapod, gastropod, gnathopod, heteropoda, isopod, lagopus, macropod, myriapod, octopus, Oedipus, ornithopod, pauropod, podiatrist, platypoda, platypus, prosauropod, pseudopod, sauropod, tetrapod, theropod, tripod, xenopus
πρεσβύτεροςpresbuterosπρεσβυτερ-presbuter-elder, olderpriest, presbyopia, presbyter, presbytery
πρόγραμμαprogrammaπρογραμ-program-proclamation, agendaprogrammer, program
πρόproπρο-pro-beforeprophet
πρὣτοςprōtosπρωτ(ο)-/πρωθ-proto-/proth-firstprothonotary, protobiont, protocol, protoconch, protocone, protolith, proton, protonema, protoplasm, protoplast, protosome, prototheria, prototype
πτερόνpteronπτερ[ο]-pter[o]-winghelicopter, Lepidoptera, ornithopter, pteranodon, Pterichthyodes, pterodactyl

Ρ

r(h)

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ῥάβδοςrhabdosῥαβδ-rhabd-rodrhabdite, rhabditida, rhabdology, rhabdomancy, rhabdovirus
ῥητορικήrhetoricaῥητορ-rhetor-art of speechrhetoric
ῥεῦμαrheumaῥευματ-rheumat-a flowing, rheumrheumatism, rheum
ῥίζαrhizaῥίζ(ο)-rhiz(o)-rootcorallorhiza, rhizobium, rhizome, rhizophora
ῥίςrhisῥιν-rhin-noserhinencephalon, rhinitis, rhinoceros, rhinolith, rhinoplasty
ῥοδονrhodonῥοδο-rhodo-rose, redrhododendron, rhodium
ῥόμβοςrhombosῥομβ(ο)-rhomb(o)-rhombusrhombus
ῥῶrhoῥῶ/ῥωτ(ο)-rho-/rhot(o)the letter rhorhotacism

Σ

s

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
σάρξsarxσαρκο-sarko-fleshsarcophagus,sarcasm, sarcoidosis, sarcoma
σαῦροςsaurosσαυρο-sauro-lizarddinosaur. Saurida
σκοπόςskopos σκοπ-skop-observerscope, telescope
σοφίαsophiaσοφια-sophia-knowledge, wisdom philosophy, sophistry
στροφήstrophe(-)στροφή--stroph-turninganastrophe, antistrophe, apostrophe<ref name = OED>OED SECOND EDITION 1989</ref>, catastrophe, epistrophe, strophe
στρόφοςstrophosστρόφ-stroph-a turningapostrophe<ref name = OED/>, boustrophedon
σύμβολοsumboloσυμβολ-sumbol-symbol symbol
σύστημαsustēmaσυστηματ-sustēmat-system system, systematic
σφήνsphēnσφήν(ο)-sphēn(o)-wedge disphenoid, sphene, sphenocrates, sphenodontia, sphenoid
σφήξsphēxσφηκ-sphēk-waspsphecidae, sphex
σχολήskholē σχολ-skhol-leisure, schoolschool, scholar, scholium

Τ

t

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
τάξιςtaxisτάξι-taxi-arrangementparataxis, phototaxis, syntax, taxidermy, taxon, taxonomy, thermotaxis
ταχὐςtachysταχὐ-tachy-swifttachometer, tachycardia, tachygraphy, tachylite, tachyon
τέλοςtelosτελε-/τελεο-teleo-endteleology, teleonomy, teleostome
τἣλεteleτηλε-tele-afar, far offtelegram, telegraph, telemetry, telepathy, telephone, telescope, television, telethon
τέτταρεςtettaresτετρα-tetra-fouroxytetracycline, pentylenetetrazol, tetracaine, Tetragrammaton, tetrahedron, tetralogy, tetrapod, tetrarchy
τοξικόνtoxiconτοξικ[ο]-toxic[o]poisontoxic, toxicology, toxin, toxoplasma
τόποςtoposτοπ[ο]-top[o]placedystopia, topology, utopia
τρόπαιονtropaionτρόπαιονtropaionto defeattrophy
τροπικόςtropicosτροπικ-tropic-of the turning of the sun, tropicaltropicamide, tropics
τροφήtrophēτροφπικ-trophic-nourishment, food (genitive form)amyotrophy, atrophy, auxotrophy, chemotroph, dystrophy, heterotrophy, psychotropic<ref name="OED>|The form psychotrophic apparently results from confusion with -TROPHIC comb. form"</ref>

Υ

(h)u, (h)y

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ὕδνονhudnon ὕδνο-hudno-trufflehydnocarpus
ὕδωρhudōr ὑδρο-hudro-waterachlorhydria, anhydrous, dehydration, hydrodynamics, hydrogen, hydrolysis
ὕδροψhudrops ὕδροψ/ὕδροπ-hudrops/hudrop-dropsydropsy
ὑγιεινήhugiene ὑγιεινή-hugiene-soundness, healthhygiene
ὑγρόςhugros ὑγρός/ὑγρο-hugros/hugro-moisthygrine, hygrometer, hygroscopy
ὕληhulē ὕλη/ὕλ-hulē/hul-wood, foresthyla, hyle, hylodes, hylozoism
ὕπέρhuper ὑπέρ-huper-super-, pro-, trans-, over-hyperactivity, hyperbole, hypersensitivity
ὕπνοςhupnos ὑπνο-hupno-sleephypnotism
ὕποhupo ὕπ(ο)-hup(o)-sub-, underhypoblast, hypochlorite, hypochondria, hypodermic

Φ

p(h)

Citation formRoot formMeaningEnglish Derivative
φάγωphagōφαγε-phage-I eat anthropophagy, bacteriophage, esophagus, sarcophagus
φάναιphanaiφαν-/φατ-phan-/phat-to say phatic, prophet
φαίνομαιphainomaiφαινο-phaino-I appear phenomenon
φέρωpheroφερ-pher-bring Berenice, varnish, Veronica
φιλία/φίλοςphilia/philosφιλια-/φιλο-philia-/philo-friendship/friend Philadelphia, philosophy, pedophilia, zoophilia
φοβία
φόβος
phobia
phobos
φοβια
φοβο-
phobia
phobo-
irrational fear,
fear
phobia, Phobos
φωνήphōnēφωνη-phōnē-voice phonetic, phonograph, phonology, telephone, vibraphone, xylophone
φρήνphrenφρεν-phren-heart, mindfrantic, paraphrenia, phrenitis, phrenology, schizophrenia
φύσιςphusisφυσ-phus-naturephysical, physics
φυτόνphutonφυτο-phuto-plantdermatophyte, geophyte, macrophyte, microphyte, neophyte, oophyte, periphyton, phytic acid, phytochemical, phytology, phytopathology, phytotomy, saprophyte, spermatophyte, thallophyte, zoophyte
φῶςphōsφως/φωτ-phōs-/phōt-light phosphorus, photography, photogenic

Χ

k(h), c(h)

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
χαίτηkhaitēχαιτη-khaitē-loose, flowing hairpolychaete
χάςμαkasmaχάςμ-kasm-yawning hollowchasm, chasmogamy
χάοςkhaosχαος-khaos-primal emptinesschaos, gas
χαρακτήρkharakterχαρακτηρ-kharakter-charactercharacter, characteristic, characterology
χειρkheirχειρ-kheir-handcheironomy, chirograph, chirography, Chiroptera, chiromancy, Chironomidae, chiropractor, surgeon<ref name = OED/>
χιώνkhionχιών-khion-snowchionodoxa
χορόςkhorosχορ[ε]ο-chor[e]o-dancechoir, chorale, choreography, chorus
χρήσιμοςchresemosχρησιμο-chresemo-usefulchrestomathy
χρίωkhrioχρι-khri-anointchrism, chrismation, chrismarium, Christ, Christmas
χρὃμαkhromaχρομ-khrom-colourchromate, chromaticism
χρόνοςkhronosχρον-khrono-timechronology, chronometer
χρυσόςkhrusosχρυσχρον-khrus-goldchrysalis, chrysanthemum, chrysene, chrysoberyl, chrysocolla

Ψ

ps

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ψάλλεινpsālleinψάλ-psal-to play, twangpsallmelodicon, psalm, psalter
ψάμμοςpsāmmosψαμμο-psammo-sandpsammoma, Psammophis
ψῆφοςpsephosψηφο/ψηφ-pseph[o]-pebbleisopsephy, psephite, psephology
ψεῦδοςpseudosψευδο/ψευδ-pseud[o]-false, a falsitypseudechis, pseudepigrapha, pseudobranch, pseudonym, pseudopod, pseudoscience
ψηλαφἃνpselaphanψηλα(φ)-psela(ph)-to grope aboutpselaphinae
ψιλόςpsilosψιλο-psilo-mere, bare, smoothpsilanthropism, psilocybin, psilomelane, psilophyta
ψόαpsoaψιλο-psoa-muscles of the loinpsoas
ψυχήpsūkhēψυχ-psūkh-spirit, soulneuropsychology, psionics, psychasthenia, psyche, psychedelic, psychiatry, psychic, psychoacoustics, psychoanalysis, psychobabble, psychodrama, psychogenesis, psychographic, psychohistory, psychokinesis, psycholinguistics, psychology, psychometrics, psychometry, psychoneuroendocrinology, psychoneuroimmunology, psychopathy, psychopharmacology, psychophysics, psychophysiology, psychosis, psychosomatic, psychosurgery, psychotherapy, psychotropic
ψυχρόςpsuchrosψυχρο-psuchro-coldPsychrolutidae, psychrometer, psychrometrics, psychrophile

Ω

(h)ō

Citation formRoot formMeaning English Derivative
ω μεγαomegaὠμεγα-omegalarge oomega
ὠόνōonὠο-ōo-eggoocyte, oology
ὥραhōraὡρα-hōra-season, hourhorology, horometry, horoscope
ὠτο-oto-ὠτ(ο)-ot(o)-earotitis, otolaryngology, otolith, otology, otoplasty, otoscope

References

H. G. Liddell and R. Scott, Greek-English lexicon, with a revised supplement. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1996. ISBN 0-19-864226-1

Oxford English Dictionary, Online edition, 2008

See also





Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "English words of Greek origin" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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