Ecological fallacy
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An ecological fallacy (or ecological inference fallacy) is a logical fallacy in the interpretation of statistical data where inferences about the nature of individuals are deduced from inference for the group to which those individuals belong. Ecological fallacy sometimes refers to the Fallacy of division which is not a statistical issue. We concentrate below on four common statistical ecological fallacies: confusion between ecological correlations and individual correlations, confusion between group average and total average, Simpson's paradox, and confusion between higher average and higher likelihood.
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See also
- Correlation Fallacy
- Spatial autocorrelation
- Complete spatial randomness
- Ecological regression
- Modifiable Areal Unit Problem
- Spatial epidemiology
- Spatial econometrics
- Simpson's paradox
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