French Directory
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
"In political-historical usage, Brumaire can refer to the coup of 18 Brumaire in the year VIII (9 November 1799), by which General Napoleon Bonaparte overthrew the government of the Directory to replace it with the Consulate, as referenced by Karl Marx in his pamphlet, "The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Napoleon", in which Marx parallels Napoleon's original coup with the later 1851 Coup of his nephew, Louis-Napoleon." --Sholem Stein |
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The Directory was the governing five-member committee in the French First Republic from 26 October 1795 (4 Brumaire an IV) until 10 November 1799, when it was overthrown by Napoleon Bonaparte in the Coup of 18 Brumaire and replaced by the Consulate. Directoire is the name of the final four years of the French Revolution. Mainstream historiography also uses the term in reference to the period from the dissolution of the National Convention on 26 October 1795 to Napoleon's coup d’état.
See also
- Timeline of the French Revolution
- Directoire fashion
- Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, a similar institution of the period