Magnus Hirschfeld
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
(Difference between revisions)
| Revision as of 17:12, 9 May 2024 Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) ← Previous diff |
Current revision Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| + | {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | ||
| + | | style="text-align: left;" | | ||
| + | "[[Colin Wilson|I]] was in my early twenties when I first came upon Dr [[Magnus Hirschfeld]]’s ''[[Sexual Anomalies and Perversions]]'', subtitled ‘A textbook for students, psychologists, criminologists, probation officers, judges, educationalists and all adults . This impressive description was obviously an attempt to forestall a prosecution for pornography - the book was usually to be seen in the windows of shops that sold rupture trusses, sex aids and encyclopedias of sexual behaviour. In those days before the permissive society, such works would never have been found in respectable bookshops."--''[[The Misfits: A Study of Sexual Outsiders]]'' (1988) by Colin Wilson | ||
| + | <hr> | ||
| + | "[[Magnus Hirschfeld]], the son of a Jewish doctor, was born in 1868. He recognised his own homosexual inclinations from an early age, and was deeply shocked when one of his patients, a young officer, committed suicide on the eve of his marriage because he felt guilty about his unnatural desire’ for men. This resulted in Hirschfeld’s first medical publication, a pamphlet called ‘[[Sappho and Socrates - How can one explain the love of men and women for their own sex]]?’. In 1896, the year Ellis’s ''[[Sexual Inversion]]'' was published in Germany, Hirschfeld also argued that homosexuality is biological in origin. In her biography of Hirschfeld (1986), Dr [[Charlotte Wolff]] dismisses Hirschfeld’s theories as ‘confused and contradictory’, and argues that hormones have little, if anything, to do with homosexuality. Yet modern scientific research is on Hirschfeld’s side."--''[[The Misfits: A Study of Sexual Outsiders]]'' (1988) by Colin Wilson | ||
| + | |} | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | '''Magnus Hirschfeld''' (1868 – 1935) was a [[Jewish German]] physician and [[sexologist]], whose citizenship was later revoked by the [[Nazi government]]. Hirschfeld was educated in [[philosophy]], [[philology]] and [[medicine]]. An outspoken advocate for [[sexual minority|sexual minorities]], Hirschfeld founded the [[Scientific-Humanitarian Committee]] and [[World League for Sexual Reform]]. He based his practice in [[Charlottenburg|Berlin-Charlottenburg]] during the [[1920s Berlin|Weimar period]]. Performance Studies and Rhetoric Professor Dustin Goltz characterized the committee as having carried out "the first advocacy for [[LGBT movements|homosexual and transgender rights]]". | + | '''Magnus Hirschfeld''' (1868 – 1935) was a [[Jewish German]] physician and [[sexologist]], whose citizenship was later revoked by the [[Nazi government]]. Hirschfeld was educated in [[philosophy]], [[philology]] and [[medicine]]. An outspoken advocate for [[sexual minority|sexual minorities]], Hirschfeld founded the [[Scientific-Humanitarian Committee]] and [[World League for Sexual Reform]]. He based his practice in [[Charlottenburg|Berlin-Charlottenburg]] during the [[1920s Berlin|Weimar period]] and was an early [[LGBT]] activist. |
| Hirschfeld is regarded as one of the most influential sexologists of the 20th century. He was targeted by early [[Fascism|fascists]] and later the [[Nazis]] for being Jewish and gay. He was beaten by [[Völkisch movement]] activists in 1920, and in 1933 his [[Institut für Sexualwissenschaft]] was looted and had its books burned by Nazis. Hirschfeld was forced into exile in France, where he died in 1935. | Hirschfeld is regarded as one of the most influential sexologists of the 20th century. He was targeted by early [[Fascism|fascists]] and later the [[Nazis]] for being Jewish and gay. He was beaten by [[Völkisch movement]] activists in 1920, and in 1933 his [[Institut für Sexualwissenschaft]] was looted and had its books burned by Nazis. Hirschfeld was forced into exile in France, where he died in 1935. | ||
| - | |||
| - | ==Works== | ||
| - | Hirschfeld's works are listed in the following bibliography, which is extensive but not comprehensive: | ||
| - | * Steakley, James D. ''The Writings of Magnus Hirschfeld: A Bibliography''. Toronto: Canadian Gay Archives, 1985. | ||
| - | |||
| - | The following have been translated into English: | ||
| - | |||
| - | * ''The Objective Diagnosis of Homosexuality.'' Translated by M. Lombardi-Nash (1899; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2023). | ||
| - | * ''Urnish People: Causes and Nature of Uranism.'' Translated by M. Lombardi-Nash (1903; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2022). | ||
| - | * ''What Unites and Divides the Human Race?'' Translated by M. Lombardi-Nash (1919; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2020). | ||
| - | * ''Why Do Nations Hate Us? A Reflection on the Psychology of War.'' Translated by M. Lombardi-Nash (1915; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2020). | ||
| - | * ''Memoir: Celebrating 25 Years of the First LGBT Organization (1897–1923)''. Translation of ''Von Einst bis Jetzt'' by M. Lombardi-Nash (1923; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2019). | ||
| - | * ''Paragraph 175 of the Imperial Penal Code Book: The Homosexual Question Judged by Contemporaries''. Translated by M. Lombardi-Nash (1898; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2020). | ||
| - | * ''My Trial for Obscenity''. Translated by M. Lombardi-Nash. (1904; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2021). | ||
| - | * ''Annual Reports of the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee (1900–1903): The World's First Successful LGBT Organization''. Translated by Michael A. Lombardi-Nash (1901-1903; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2021). | ||
| - | * ''Annual Reports of the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee (1904–1905): The World's First Successful LGBT Organization''. Translated by Michael A. Lombardi-Nash (1905; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2022). | ||
| - | * ''Annual Reports of the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee (1906–1908): The World's First Successful LGBT Organization''. Translated by Michael A. Lombardi-Nash (1908; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2022). | ||
| - | * ''Sappho and Socrates: How Does One Explain the Love of Men and Women to Persons of Their Own Sex?'' Translated by Michael Lombardi-Nash. (1896; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts, 2019). | ||
| - | * ''Transvestites: The Erotic Drive to Cross-Dress''. Translated by Michael A. Lombardi-Nash (1910; Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 1991). | ||
| - | * With Max Tilke, ''The Erotic Drive to Cross-Dress: Illustrated Part: Supplement to Transvestites''. Translated by Michael A. Lombardi-Nash (1912; Jacksonville, FL: Urania Manuscripts 2022). | ||
| - | * ''[[The Homosexuality of Men and Women]]''. Translated by Michael A. Lombardi-Nash. 2nd ed. (1920; Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2000). | ||
| - | * ''The Sexual History of the World War'' (1930), New York City, Panurge Press, 1934; significantly abridged translation and adaptation of the original German edition: ''Sittengeschichte des Weltkrieges'', 2 vols., Verlag für Sexualwissenschaft, Schneider & Co., Leipzig & Vienna, 1930. The plates from the German edition are not included in the Panurge Press translation, but a small sampling appear in a separately issued portfolio, ''Illustrated Supplement to The Sexual History of the World War'', New York City, Panurge Press, n.d. | ||
| - | * ''Men and Women: The World Journey of a Sexologist'' (1933); translated by O. P. Green (New York City: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1935). | ||
| - | * ''Sex in Human Relationships,'' London, John Lane The Bodley Head, 1935; translated from the French volume {{lang|fr|L'Ame et l'amour, psychologie sexologique}} (Paris: Gallimard, 1935) by John Rodker. | ||
| - | * ''Racism'' (1938), translated by [[Eden Paul|Eden]] and [[Cedar Paul]]. This denunciation of racial discrimination was not influential at the time, although it seems prophetic in retrospect.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dose|first1=Ralf|title=Magnus Hirschfeld : the origins of the gay liberation movement|date=2014|isbn=978-1583674390|page=10|publisher=NYU Press }}</ref> | ||
| - | |||
| - | === Autobiographical === | ||
| - | * Hirschfeld, Magnus. {{lang|de|Von einst bis jetzt: Geschichte einer homosexuellen Bewegung 1897–1922}}. Schriftenreihe der Magnus-Hirschfeld-Gesellschaft Nr. 1. Berlin: Rosa Winkel, 1986. (Reprint of a series of articles by Hirschfeld originally published in {{lang|de|Die Freundschaft}}, 1920–21.) | ||
| - | * M.H. [Magnus Hirschfeld], "Hirschfeld, Magnus (Autobiographical Sketch)", in Victor Robinson (ed.), {{lang|la|Encyclopaedia Sexualis}}, New York City: Dingwall-Rock, 1936, pp. 317–321. | ||
| - | * Hirschfeld, Magnus. {{lang|de|Testament. Heft II}}; introduced and annotated by Ralf Dose. Berlin: Hentrich und Hentrich Verlag, 2013. (Critical edition of the only surviving volume of Hirschfeld's personal journal.) | ||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| Line 41: | Line 17: | ||
| * [[List of sex therapists]] | * [[List of sex therapists]] | ||
| * [[Willi Pape]], a famous cabaret performer who appeared in Hirschfeld's 1912 book on transvestites | * [[Willi Pape]], a famous cabaret performer who appeared in Hirschfeld's 1912 book on transvestites | ||
| - | + | * [[Kurt Harald Isenstein]], who made the bust of Hirschfeld that was burnt | |
| + | * [[World tour of Magnus Hirschfeld]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
|
"I was in my early twenties when I first came upon Dr Magnus Hirschfeld’s Sexual Anomalies and Perversions, subtitled ‘A textbook for students, psychologists, criminologists, probation officers, judges, educationalists and all adults . This impressive description was obviously an attempt to forestall a prosecution for pornography - the book was usually to be seen in the windows of shops that sold rupture trusses, sex aids and encyclopedias of sexual behaviour. In those days before the permissive society, such works would never have been found in respectable bookshops."--The Misfits: A Study of Sexual Outsiders (1988) by Colin Wilson "Magnus Hirschfeld, the son of a Jewish doctor, was born in 1868. He recognised his own homosexual inclinations from an early age, and was deeply shocked when one of his patients, a young officer, committed suicide on the eve of his marriage because he felt guilty about his unnatural desire’ for men. This resulted in Hirschfeld’s first medical publication, a pamphlet called ‘Sappho and Socrates - How can one explain the love of men and women for their own sex?’. In 1896, the year Ellis’s Sexual Inversion was published in Germany, Hirschfeld also argued that homosexuality is biological in origin. In her biography of Hirschfeld (1986), Dr Charlotte Wolff dismisses Hirschfeld’s theories as ‘confused and contradictory’, and argues that hormones have little, if anything, to do with homosexuality. Yet modern scientific research is on Hirschfeld’s side."--The Misfits: A Study of Sexual Outsiders (1988) by Colin Wilson |
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
Magnus Hirschfeld (1868 – 1935) was a Jewish German physician and sexologist, whose citizenship was later revoked by the Nazi government. Hirschfeld was educated in philosophy, philology and medicine. An outspoken advocate for sexual minorities, Hirschfeld founded the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee and World League for Sexual Reform. He based his practice in Berlin-Charlottenburg during the Weimar period and was an early LGBT activist.
Hirschfeld is regarded as one of the most influential sexologists of the 20th century. He was targeted by early fascists and later the Nazis for being Jewish and gay. He was beaten by Völkisch movement activists in 1920, and in 1933 his Institut für Sexualwissenschaft was looted and had its books burned by Nazis. Hirschfeld was forced into exile in France, where he died in 1935.
[edit]
See also
- Harry Benjamin, an associate of Hirschfeld who brought his theories to the United States
- Der Eigene: world's first gay journal, Berlin, 1896–1932
- First homosexual movement
- List of sex therapists
- Willi Pape, a famous cabaret performer who appeared in Hirschfeld's 1912 book on transvestites
- Kurt Harald Isenstein, who made the bust of Hirschfeld that was burnt
- World tour of Magnus Hirschfeld
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Magnus Hirschfeld" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
