House of Bourbon
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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The House of Bourbon is an important European royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. Bourbon kings first ruled Navarre and France in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Bourbon dynasty also held thrones in Spain, Naples & Sicily, and Parma. Spain and Luxembourg currently have Bourbon monarchs.
Bourbon monarchs ruled Navarre (from 1555) and France (from 1589) until the 1792 overthrow of the monarchy during the French Revolution. Restored briefly in 1814 and definitively in 1815 after the fall of the First French Empire, the senior line of the Bourbons was finally overthrown in the July Revolution of 1830. A cadet branch, the House of Orléans, then ruled for 18 years (1830–1848), until it too was overthrown. The Princes of Condé (Bourbon-Condé) were a cadet branch of the Bourbon-Vendômes and, in turn, were senior to the Princes of Conti (Bourbon-Conti). Both these lines became extinct in the early nineteenth century.
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List of Bourbon rulers
France
Monarchs of France
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
- Henry IV, the Great (1589–1610)
- Louis XIII, the Just (1610–1643)
- Louis XIV, the Sun King (1643–1715)
- Louis XV, the Well-Beloved (1715–1774)
- Philippe II of Orléans (Regent) (1715–1723)
- Louis XVI (1774–1792)
Claimants to the throne of France
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
- Louis XVI (1792–1793)
- Louis XVII (1793–1795)
- Louis XVIII (1795–1814)
Monarchs of France
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
- Louis XVIII (1814–1824)
- Charles X (1824–1830)
- Louis XIX (1830)
- Louis-Philippe (House of Bourbon-Orléans) (1830–1848)
Legitimist claimants in France
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
Legitimist claimants in France (Spanish branch)
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
- Jean III (1883–1887)
- Charles XI (1887–1903)
- Jacques I (1903–1931)
- Charles XII (1931–1936)
- Alphonse I (1936–1941)
- Henri VI (1941–1975)
- Alphonse II (1975–-1989)
- Louis XX (1989–present)
Unionist claimants in France
Dates indicate claims, not lifetimes.
- Philippe, Comte de Paris (Philippe VII) (1883–1894)
- Philippe, duc d'Orléans (Philippe VIII) (1894-1926)
- Jean, Duc de Guise (Jean III) (1926–1940)
- Henri, Comte de Paris (Henry VI) (1940–1999)
- Henri, Comte de Paris, Duc de France (Henry VII) (1999 – Present)
Spain
Template:House of Bourbon, 1700-1833 (Philip V-Ferdinand VI Arms)
Monarchs of Spain
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
- Philip V (1700–1724 and 1724–1746)
- Louis I (1724; ruled less than one year)
- Ferdinand VI (1746–1759)
- Charles III (1759–1788)
- Charles IV (1788–1808)
- Ferdinand VII, El Deseado (1813–1833)
- Isabella II (1833–1868)
- Alfonso XII (1875–1885)
- Alfonso XIII (1886–1931)
- Juan Carlos I (1975–present)
Carlist claimants in Spain
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
- Carlos V (1833–1845)
- Carlos VI (1845–1861)
- Juan II (1861–1868)
- Carlos VII (1868–1909)
- Jaime III (1909–1931)
- Alfonso Carlos I (1931–1936)
- Xavier I (1936–1952–1977)
- Carlos Hugo I (1977–1979)
- Sixto Enrique I (1979–present)
Luxembourg
Grand Dukes of Luxembourg
Dates indicate reigns, not lifetimes.
Other significant Bourbon titles
- Dukes of Bourbon
- Dukes of Montpensier
- Dukes of Vendôme
- Dukes of Anjou
- Kings of the Two Sicilies
- Dukes of Parma
- Dukes of Orléans
- Princes of Orléans-Braganza
- Princes of Condé
- Princes of Conti
Notable Bourbon branches
Notable legitimate branches
- House of Bourbon-Orléans
- Called the House of Orléans and holders of the title Duke of Orléans. This house was founded by the younger brother of Louis XIV: Philippe I, Duke of Orléans. This is the oldest surviving cadet branch of the House of Bourbon.
- House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
- House of Bourbon-Parma
- House of Bourbon-Braganza (also called Branch of the Infant Gabriel)
- House of Bourbon-Orléans-Braganza (called the House of Orléans-Braganza and now representing the Brazilian Imperial Family)
- House of Bourbon-Montpensier (extinct)
- House of Bourbon-Condé (extinct)
- House of Bourbon-Conti (extinct)
- House of Bourbon-La Marche (extinct)
- House of Bourbon-Soissons (extinct)
Notable morganatic branches
- House of Bourbon-Orléans-Galliera (called the House of Orléans-Galliera)
Notable illegitimate branches
- Bourbon-Busset
- Bourbon-Vendôme
- (extinct at the death of Louis Joseph de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme, great grandson of Henry IV of France) - 1598–1712
- Bourbon-Maine
- (extinct at the death of Louis Charles de Bourbon, comte d'Eu, grandson of Louis XIV) - 1672–1775
- Bourbon-Penthièvre
- (extinct at the death of Louis Jean Marie de Bourbon, duc de Penthièvre in 1793 but his daughter Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon-Penthièvre who died in 1821 inherited all of the Bourbon-Penthièvre wealth) - 1725–1793/1821