Antiphrasis
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An antiphrasis (from antí, "opposite" and phrásis, "diction") is a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is used to mean the opposite of its usual sense, especially ironically.
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Examples
Ptolemy IV of Egypt: "By some historians [ Ptolemy IV of Egypt] is said to have poisoned his father, whence he received the surname of Philopater, by antiphrasis."
"It was a bold antiphrasis that gave such a vernal title [Greenland] to this birth-place of icebergs."
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See also
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