From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

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-	[[Image:Josephine Baker dancing the Charleston to an Art Deco-styole background.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Josephine Baker]] dancing the [[charleston]] at the [[Folies Bergère]] in Paris for ''[[La Revue nègre]]'' in [[1926]]. Notice the [[art deco]] background. <br>(Photo by Walery)]]	+	#redirect[[Jazz ]]
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-	The term '''American jazz''' is a [[tautology]] and only makes sense when compared to subsequent jazz scenes that arose in the rest of the world, such as [[French jazz]] and [[German jazz]].	+
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-	== Jazz ==	+
-	Jazz's roots come from the city of [[New Orleans, Louisiana]], populated by [[Cajun]]s and black [[Creole]]s, who combined the French-Canadian culture of the Cajuns with their own styles of music in the 19th century. Large Creole bands that played for funerals and parades became a major basis for early jazz, which spread from New Orleans to Chicago and other northern urban centers.	+
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-	Though jazz had long since achieved some limited popularity, it was [[Louis Armstrong]] who became one of the first popular stars and a major force in the development of jazz, along with his friend pianist [[Earl Hines]]. Armstrong, Hines and their colleagues were improvisers, capable of creating numerous variations on a single melody. Armstrong also popularized [[scat singing]], an improvisational vocal technique in which nonsensical syllables ([[vocable]]s) are sung. Armstrong and Hines were influential in the rise of a kind of pop big band jazz called ''[[swing (genre)|swing]]''. Swing is characterized by a strong rhythm section, usually consisting of [[double bass]] and drums, medium to fast tempo, and rhythmic devices like the swung note, which is common to most jazz. Swing is primarily a fusion of 1930s jazz fused with elements of the blues and [[Tin Pan Alley]]. Swing used bigger bands than other kinds of jazz, leading to bandleaders tightly arranging the material which discouraged improvisation, previously an integral part of jazz. Swing became a major part of African American dance, and came to be accompanied by a popular dance called the [[swing dance]].	+
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-	Jazz influenced many performers of all the major styles of later popular music, though jazz itself never again became such a major part of American popular music as during the swing era. The later 20th-century American jazz scene did, however, produce some popular crossover stars, such as [[Miles Davis]]. In the middle of the 20th century, jazz evolved into a variety of subgenres, beginning with [[bebop]]. Bebop is a form of jazz characterized by fast tempos, improvisation based on harmonic structure rather than melody, and use of the [[flatted fifth]]. Bebop was developed in the early and mid-1940s, later evolving into styles like [[hard bop]] and [[free jazz]]. Innovators of the style included [[Charlie Parker]] and [[Dizzy Gillespie]], who arose from small jazz clubs in New York City.	+
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-	==See also==	+
-	*[[Afro-Cuban jazz]]	+
-	*[[History of jazz]]	+
-	*[[American music]]	+
-	*[[Music history of the United States (1900–1940)]]	+
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Current revision

1. redirectJazz