Agrippina the Elder
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| - | :''"Clytia" redirects here. For the [[hydrozoa]]n [[genus]], see ''[[Clytia (Hydrozoa)]]''. "Clytia" can also be a spelling variant of the [[Euphorbiaceae]] genus ''[[Clutia]]''; there is also a [[moth]] genus [[Clytie (moth)]].'' | ||
| - | '''Clytia''' (or '''Clytie''') was a water [[nymph]], daughter of [[Oceanus]] and [[Tethys (mythology)|Tethys]] in [[Greek mythology]]. She was loved by [[Apollo]]. | + | '''Julia Vipsania Agrippina''' or most commonly known as '''Agrippina Major''' (''Major'' is Latin for ''the elder'', [[Classical Latin]]: <small>AGRIPPINA•GERMANICI</small>, 14 BC – [[18 October]] [[33]]) was the distinguished and prominent Roman granddaughter of [[Augustus]]. She lived between the [[1st century BC]] and 1st century AD. Agrippina was the wife of the general, politician [[Germanicus]] and a relative to the first [[Roman Emperors]]. She was the second granddaughter to [[Augustus]]; sister-in-law, stepdaughter and daughter-in-law to [[Tiberius]]; mother to [[Caligula]]; maternal second cousin and sister-in-law to [[Claudius]] and the maternal grandmother to [[Nero]]. |
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| - | ==Narrative== | + | |
| - | Helios, having loved her, abandoned her for [[Leucothea]] and left her deserted. She was so angered by his treatment that she told Leucothea's father, [[Orchamus]], about the affair. Since Helios had defiled Leucothea, Orchamus had her put to death by burial alive in the sands. Clytie intended to win Helios back by taking away his new love, but her actions only hardened his heart against her. She sat naked, with neither food nor drink, for nine days on the rocks, staring at the sun, Helios, and mourning his departure. After nine days she was transformed into the [[Heliotropium|heliotrope]], which turns its head always to look longingly at Helios' chariot of the sun. The episode is most fully told in [[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' iv. 204, 234-56. | + | |
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| - | ==Art== | + | |
| - | ===Bust (Townley collection)=== | + | |
| - | One sculpture of Clytie is a Roman marble in the collection of [[Charles Townley]]. | + | |
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| - | The bust was created between 40 and 50 AD. Towneley acquired it from the family of the principe Laurenzano in [[Naples]] during his extended second [[Grand Tour]] of Italy (1771-1774); the Laurenzano insisted it had been found locally. It remained a favorite both with him (it figures prominently in [[Johann Zoffany]]'s iconic painting of Townley's library (''illustration, right''), was one of three ancient marbles Townley had reproduced on his visiting card, and was apocryphally the one which he wished he could carry with him when his house was torched in the [[Gordon Riots]] - apocryphal since the bust is in fact far too heavy for that) and with the public ([[Joseph Nollekens]] is said to have always had a marble copy of it in stock for his customers to purchase, and in the late 19th century [[Parian ware]] copies were all the rage. | + | |
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| - | The identity of the subject, a woman emerging from a calyx of leaves, was much discussed among the antiquaries in Townley's circle. At first referred to as [[Agrippina the elder|Agrippina]], and later called by Townley [[Isis]] in a [[lotus (plant)|lotus]] flower, it is now accepted as Clytie. Some modern scholars even claim the bust is of eighteenth century date, though most now think it is an ancient work showing [[Antonia Minor]] or a contemporaneous Roman lady in the guise of [[Ariadne]]. | + | |
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| - | === Bust (George Frederick Watts)=== | + | |
| - | Another famous bust of Clytie was by [[George Frederick Watts]]. Instead of Townley's serene Clytie, Watts's is straining, looking round at the sun. | + | |
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Julia Vipsania Agrippina or most commonly known as Agrippina Major (Major is Latin for the elder, Classical Latin: AGRIPPINA•GERMANICI, 14 BC – 18 October 33) was the distinguished and prominent Roman granddaughter of Augustus. She lived between the 1st century BC and 1st century AD. Agrippina was the wife of the general, politician Germanicus and a relative to the first Roman Emperors. She was the second granddaughter to Augustus; sister-in-law, stepdaughter and daughter-in-law to Tiberius; mother to Caligula; maternal second cousin and sister-in-law to Claudius and the maternal grandmother to Nero.
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