Weathering
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| - | '''Ruins''' is a term used to describe the remains of man-made [[architecture]]: structures that were at one time complete but which have either been deliberately [[destroyed]] or fallen into a state of disrepair over time due to the action of [[weathering]] and lack of [[Maintenance, repair and operations|maintenance]]. | + | '''Weathering''' is the breaking down of Earth's [[Rock (geology)|rocks]], [[soil]]s and [[mineral]]s through direct contact with the planet's [[atmosphere]]. Weathering occurs ''in situ'', or "with no movement", and thus should not be confused with [[erosion]], which involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, ice, wind, and gravity. |
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| - | There are famous ruins all over the world, from ancient sites in [[Judea]] to [[Ancient Greece|ancient Greek]] and [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] sites in the [[Mediterranean Sea]], and [[Inca Empire|Incan]] sites in [[Peru]]. Ruins can be [[fortification]]s, [[Place of worship|places of worship]], or remnants of houses, storehouses, or other buildings, or even entire cities and towns. Ruins are important for the studying of the past, in particular history and archaeology. There are also substantial ruins in modern cities such as [[Rome]] and [[Athens]]. | + | |
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| - | Ruins often occur as a result of natural disaster, war or other forms of depopulation. Numerous great historic buildings in Europe have fallen into ruin from taxation policies, which required all structures with roofs to pay substantial taxes. This outcome occurred for [[Fetteresso Castle]] and [[Slains Castle]] in [[Scotland]], although the former is since restored. Ruins can also derive from official decrees of government, such as the case of [[Beverston Castle]], where the [[England|English]] [[parliament]] ordered significant destruction of the castle to prevent it being used by the opposition [[Cavalier|Royalist]]s. European cities were in ruins after [[World War II]], especially [[Berlin]], [[London]], [[Coventry]] and [[Dresden]]. | + | |
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| - | Ruins are often romanticized in literature, art and film, and often provide a backdrop for other forms of decline or decay. For example, the ruined [[Dunnottar Castle]] in Scotland was used for filming of [[Hamlet]] starring [[Mel Gibson]] and [[Glenn Close]], while the ruins of [[Dunstanburgh Castle]] in [[England]] inspired [[J. M. W. Turner|Turner]] to create several paintings. | + | |
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| - | ==Relics of steel and wooden towers== | + | |
| - | As a rule, towers built of steel are dismantled, when not used any more, because their construction can be either rebuilt on a new site or if state of construction does not allow a direct reuse, the metal can be recycled economically. However sometimes tower basements remain, because their removal can sometimes be expensive. One example of such a basement is the basement of the former radio mast of [[Deutschlandsender Herzberg/Elster]]. | + | |
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| - | The basements of large wooden towers such as [[transmitter Ismaning]] may also be left behind, because removing them would be difficult. | + | |
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[Aeolian processes]] | ||
| + | * [[Biorhexistasy]] | ||
| + | * [[Case hardening of rocks]] | ||
| + | * [[Decomposition]] | ||
| + | * [[Environmental chamber]] | ||
| + | * [[Eluvium]] | ||
| + | * [[Erosion]] | ||
| + | * [[Pedogenesis]] | ||
| + | * [[Soil production function]] | ||
| + | * [[Space weathering]] | ||
| + | * [[Spheroidal weathering]] | ||
| + | * [[Weather testing of polymers]] | ||
| - | *"[[Ozymandias]]" | ||
| - | *[[Folly]] | ||
| - | *[[Dissolution of the monasteries]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 13:06, 7 August 2010
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Weathering is the breaking down of Earth's rocks, soils and minerals through direct contact with the planet's atmosphere. Weathering occurs in situ, or "with no movement", and thus should not be confused with erosion, which involves the movement of rocks and minerals by agents such as water, ice, wind, and gravity.
See also
- Aeolian processes
- Biorhexistasy
- Case hardening of rocks
- Decomposition
- Environmental chamber
- Eluvium
- Erosion
- Pedogenesis
- Soil production function
- Space weathering
- Spheroidal weathering
- Weather testing of polymers
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Weathering" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
