Virgin of the Rocks
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| - | [[Image:Mona Lisa.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|'''''Mona Lisa''''', or '''''La Gioconda.''''' '''''(La Joconde)''''', is a [[16th century]] [[oil painting]] by [[Leonardo da Vinci]], and is one of the most [[famous]] paintings in the world. ]] | ||
| - | [[Image:Grotesque head by Da Vinci.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[Grotesque Head]]'' (c. [[1480]]-[[1510]]) by [[Leonardo da Vinci]], clearly the inspiration for ''[[The Ugly Duchess]]'']] | ||
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| - | '''Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci''', [[April 15]], [[1452]] – [[May 2]], [[1519]]) was an [[Italian people|Italian]] [[polymath]]: [[scientist]], [[mathematician]], [[engineer]], [[inventor]], [[anatomist]], [[painter]], [[sculptor]], [[architect]], [[musician]], and [[writer]]. | + | The '''''Virgin of the Rocks''''' (sometimes the '''''Madonna of the Rocks''''') is the name used for two paintings by [[Leonardo da Vinci]], of the same subject, and of a composition which is identical except for several significant details. The version generally considered the [[prime version]], that is the earlier of the two, hangs in [[The Louvre]] in Paris and the other in the [[National Gallery]], London. The paintings are both nearly 2 meters (over 6 feet) high and are painted in oils. Both were painted on wooden panel; that in the Louvre has been [[transfer of panel paintings|transferred to canvas]]. |
| - | He is best-known for his painting ''[[Mona Lisa]]'' and his drawing ''[[Vitruvian Man]]'' (c.1485). | + | Both paintings show the [[Mary the mother of Jesus|Madonna]] and [[Child Jesus]] with the infant [[John the Baptist]] and an angel, in a rocky setting which gives the paintings their usual name. The significant compositional differences are in the gaze and right hand of the angel. There are many minor ways in which the works differ, including the colours, the lighting, the flora, and the way in which [[sfumato]] has been used. Although the date of an associated commission is documented, the complete histories of the two paintings are unknown, and lead to speculation about which of the two is earlier. |
| - | His lesser-known works include several [[grotesque]]s <sup>[http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&q=grotesque+da+vinci&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wi]</sup> and [[caricature]]s<sup>[http://images.google.com/images?hl=en&q=caricature+da+vinci&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&tab=wi]</sup>. Notable works in this category are the creepy caves in ''[[Virgin of the Rocks]]'' and the vampiric "[[Portrait of Ginevra de Benci]]." He was a huge influence on Symbolism, Surrealism and more recent Fantastic Art.See the book ''Leonardo Da Vinci: The Divine and the Grotesque'' by [[Martin Clayton]]. | + | Two further paintings are associated with the commission: side panels each containing an angel playing a musical instrument and completed by associates of Leonardo. These are both in the National Gallery, London. |
| - | His "''[[Leda and the Swan]]''" is an [[Icons of erotic art]]. | ||
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The Virgin of the Rocks (sometimes the Madonna of the Rocks) is the name used for two paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, of the same subject, and of a composition which is identical except for several significant details. The version generally considered the prime version, that is the earlier of the two, hangs in The Louvre in Paris and the other in the National Gallery, London. The paintings are both nearly 2 meters (over 6 feet) high and are painted in oils. Both were painted on wooden panel; that in the Louvre has been transferred to canvas.
Both paintings show the Madonna and Child Jesus with the infant John the Baptist and an angel, in a rocky setting which gives the paintings their usual name. The significant compositional differences are in the gaze and right hand of the angel. There are many minor ways in which the works differ, including the colours, the lighting, the flora, and the way in which sfumato has been used. Although the date of an associated commission is documented, the complete histories of the two paintings are unknown, and lead to speculation about which of the two is earlier.
Two further paintings are associated with the commission: side panels each containing an angel playing a musical instrument and completed by associates of Leonardo. These are both in the National Gallery, London.
