Tropical forest
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| - | + | '''Tropical forests''' are forested landscapes in [[tropical]] regions: ''i.e.'' land areas approximately bounded by the tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as [[prevailing winds]]. | |
| - | '''Deforestation''', '''clearance''', '''[[clearcutting]]''' or '''[[clearing (geography)|clearing]]''' is the removal of a [[forest]] or stand of trees from land which is then [[land conversion|converted]] to a non-forest use. Deforestation can involve conversion of forest land to [[farm]]s, [[ranch]]es, or [[urban area|urban]] use. The most concentrated deforestation occurs in [[tropical rainforest]]s. About 31% of Earth's land surface is covered by forests. | + | |
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| - | Deforestation can occur for several reasons: trees can be cut down to be used for building or sold as fuel (sometimes in the form of [[charcoal]] or [[timber]]), while cleared land can be used as [[pasture]] for [[livestock]] and [[plantation]]. The removal of trees without sufficient [[reforestation]] has resulted in [[Habitat destruction|habitat damage]], [[biodiversity loss]], and [[arid]]ity. It has adverse impacts on [[biosequestration]] of atmospheric [[carbon dioxide]]. Deforestation has also been used in war to [[sabotage|deprive]] the enemy of vital resources and cover for its forces. Modern examples of this were the use of [[Agent Orange]] by the British military in [[Peninsular Malaysia|Malaya]] during the [[Malayan Emergency]] and by the United States military in Vietnam during the [[Vietnam War]]. As of 2005, net deforestation rates had ceased to increase in countries with a per capita [[gross domestic product|GDP]] of at least [[US$]]4,600. Deforested regions typically incur significant adverse [[soil erosion]] and frequently degrade into [[wikt:wasteland|wasteland]]. | + | |
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| - | Disregard of ascribed value, lax forest management, and deficient environmental laws are some of the factors that lead to large-scale deforestation. In many countries, deforestation—both naturally occurring and [[human impact on the environment|human-induced]]—is an ongoing issue. Deforestation causes [[extinction]], changes to climatic conditions, [[desertification]], and displacement of populations, as observed by current conditions and in the past through the [[fossil]] record. More than half of all plant and land animal species in the world live in [[tropical forest]]s. | + | |
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| - | Between 2000 and 2012, {{convert|2.3|e6km2|mi2|abbr=}} of forests around the world were cut down. As a result of deforestation, only {{convert|6.2|e6km2|e6mi2|abbr=off}} remain of the original {{convert|16|e6km2|e6mi2|abbr=off|sigfig=1}} of tropical rainforest that formerly covered the Earth. An area the size of a [[football pitch]] is cleared from the [[Amazon rainforest]] every minute, with {{convert|136|e6acre|e6ha|abbr=off}} of rainforest cleared for animal agriculture overall. | + | |
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| - | More than 3.6 million hectares of virgin tropical forest was lost in 2018. | + | |
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| - | ==See also== | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | * [[Afforestation]] | + | |
| - | * [[Agricultural expansion]] | + | |
| - | * [[Assarting]] | + | |
| - | * [[Biochar]] | + | |
| - | * [[Clearcutting]] | + | |
| - | * [[Clearing (geography)]] | + | |
| - | * [[Defaunation]] | + | |
| - | * [[Deforestation and climate change]] | + | |
| - | * [[Deforestation by region]] | + | |
| - | ** {{in title|deforestation in}} | + | |
| - | ** {{in title|deforestation of}} | + | |
| - | ** {{in title|land clearing in}} | + | |
| - | * [[Deforestation during the Roman period]] | + | |
| - | * [[Desertification]] | + | |
| - | * [[Ecoforestry]] | + | |
| - | * [[Economic impact analysis]] | + | |
| - | * [[Environmental issues with paper]] | + | |
| - | * [[Environmental philosophy]] | + | |
| - | * [[Extinction]] | + | |
| - | * [[Flexible Mechanisms|CDM & JI A/R projects]] | + | |
| - | * [[Forestry]] | + | |
| - | * [[Human overpopulation|Overpopulation]] | + | |
| - | * [[Illegal logging]] | + | |
| - | * [[Intact forest landscape]] | + | |
| - | * [[International Year of Forests]] | + | |
| - | * [[Land degradation]] | + | |
| - | * [[Land use, land-use change and forestry]] | + | |
| - | * [[Lumberjack]] | + | |
| - | * [[Moisture recycling]] | + | |
| - | * [[Mountaintop removal]] | + | |
| - | * [[Natural landscape]] | + | |
| - | * [[Neolithic]] | + | |
| - | * [[Proforestation]] | + | |
| - | * [[Rainforest]] | + | |
| - | * [[Richard St. Barbe Baker]] | + | |
| - | * [[Satoyama]] | + | |
| - | * [[Slash-and-burn]] | + | |
| - | * [[Slash-and-char]] | + | |
| - | * [[Terra preta]] | + | |
| - | * [[Wilderness]] | + | |
| - | * [[World Forestry Congress]] | + | |
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| - | *[[Deforestation during the Roman period]] | + | *[[Tropical rainforest]] |
| - | *[[Classical demography]] | + | *[[Gallery forest]] |
| - | *''[[The First Eden|The First Eden: The Mediterranean World and Man]]'' | + | *[[Savanna]] |
| + | *[[Seasonal tropical forest]] | ||
| + | *[[Primary forest]] | ||
| + | *[[Secondary forest]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
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Tropical forests are forested landscapes in tropical regions: i.e. land areas approximately bounded by the tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds.
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