Subculture  

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 +[[Image:Guerrillero Heroico - Che Guevara by Alberto Diaz Gutierrez.jpg|thumb|200px|By the late 1960s, revolutionary [[Che Guevara]]'s [[Guerrillero Heroico|famous image]] had become a popular symbol of [[youth rebellion]]]]
 +[[Image:Véritable portrait de Monsieur Ubu, par Alfred Jarry (1896).png|thumb|left|200px|
 +This page ''{{PAGENAME}}'' is part of the [[publication bias list of the Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia]], presented by [[Alfred Jarry]].]]
 +[[Image:Inversions.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[Inversions]]'', the first French gay journal is published between [[1924]] and [[1926]], it stopped publication after the French government charged the publishers with "[[Outrage aux bonnes mœurs]]". Its full title was ''Inversions ... in [[art]], [[literature]], [[philosophy]] and [[science]]''. [[Sexual inversion (sexology)|Sexual inversion]] was a term used by [[sexologist]]s in the late [[19th]] and early [[20th century]], to refer to [[homosexuality]].]]
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-:"The relationship between mainstream, "hegemonic" culture and the subcultures that split off from it mirrors the relationship of a linear, dominant narrative strain to the skein of other paths that could be pursued by the reader of hypertext. In other words, the way power is distributed in society relates to the way meaning is distributed in a hypertext narrative. In Subculture, The Meaning of Style, Dick Hebdige describes hegemony and the battle for subcultural meaning that resides beneath it." -- (A. G.) for feedmag.com+In [[sociology]], [[anthropology]] and [[cultural studies]], a '''subculture''' is a set of people with a set of behaviors and beliefs, [[culture]], which could be distinct or hidden, that differentiate them from the larger culture to which they belong. If the subculture is characterized by a systematic opposition to the dominant culture, then it may be described as a [[counterculture]].
 +==Definition==
 +As early as 1950 (p.361) [[David Riesman]] distinguished between a [[majority]], "which [[submission|passively accepted]] [[commercial]]ly provided styles and meanings, and a 'subculture' which actively sought a [[minority]] style...and interpreted it in accordance with [[subversion|subversive]] [[values]]" (Middleton 1990).
-:"Maps of meaning [in society] are charged with a potentially explosive significance because they are traced and retraced along the lines laid down by the dominant discourses about reality, the dominant ideologies. Thus they tend to represent, in however obscure and contradictory a fashion, the interests of the dominant groups in society..." -- (A. G.) for feedmag.com+[[Sarah Thornton]] (1995), after [[Pierre Bourdieu]] (1986), described '''subcultural capital''' as the cultural knowledge and commodities acquired by members of a subculture, raising their status and helping differentiate themselves from members of other groups, while Roe (1990) uses the term '''symbolic capital'''.
-A '''subculture''' is a set of people with a set of behaviors and beliefs, which could be [[different|distinct]] or [[hidden]], that differentiate them from the larger culture of the area from which they are a part of.+It is important to mention that there is a subtle difference between a [[counterculture]] and a subculture. A subculture is an at least somewhat integrated component of a society, though clearly separated, while a counterculture is actively and openly opposed to many of the characteristics of a society.
-Subcultures can be distinctive because of the age, race, ethnicity, class, and/or gender. The qualities that determine a subculture as distinct may be [[aesthetic]], [[religious]], [[political]], [[sexual]], or a combination of these factors. Subcultures are often defined via their [[opposition]] to the values of the larger culture to which they belong, although this definition is not universally agreed on by theorists. Members of a subculture will often signal their membership through a distinctive and symbolic use of style. Therefore, the study of subculture often consists of the study of the symbolism attached to clothing, music and other visible affectations by members of the subculture, and also the ways in which these same symbols are interpreted by members of the dominant culture. If the subculture is characterized by a systematic opposition to the dominant culture, then it may be described as a [[counterculture]].[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/{{PAGENAMEE}}] [Apr 2007]+== Origin of the term ==
 + 
 +The term ''subculture'' began to figure in anthropological and sociological writing around [[1945]]. The concept has been most generally adopted by scholars of [[delinquency]] says [[Pat Rogers]] in ''[[Grub Street: Studies in a Subculture]]'' (1972).
 + 
 +Since the late 1970s, the study and concept of subculture - through the influence of the [[CCCS]] - has largely been focused on an awareness of style and differences in [[style]], in clothing, music or other cultural areas.
 + 
 +== Etymology ==
 + 
 +[[1886]], in ref. to bacterial cultures, from ''[[sub]]''- + ''[[culture]]''. [[1936]] in ref. to humans.
 + 
 +==Sources==
 +*Hebdige, Dick (1979). ''[[Subculture: The Meaning of Style]]'' (Routledge, March 10, 1981; softcover ISBN 0-415-03949-5).
 + 
 +== See also ==
 +*[[History of subcultures in the 19th century]]
 +*[[History of Western subcultures in the 20th century ]]
 +* [[List of subcultures]]
 +* [[Popular culture]]
 +* [[Underclass]]
 +* [[Urban culture]]
 +* [[Urban sociology]]
 +* [[Youth subculture]]
 +* [[Art world]]
 +* [[Adolescence]]
 +* [[Folk culture]]
 +{{GFDL}}

Revision as of 14:52, 11 April 2014

By the late 1960s, revolutionary Che Guevara's famous image had become a popular symbol of youth rebellion
Enlarge
By the late 1960s, revolutionary Che Guevara's famous image had become a popular symbol of youth rebellion
 This page Subculture is part of the publication bias list of the Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia, presented by Alfred Jarry.
Enlarge
This page Subculture is part of the publication bias list of the Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia, presented by Alfred Jarry.
Inversions, the first French gay journal is published between 1924 and 1926, it stopped publication after the French government charged the publishers with "Outrage aux bonnes mœurs".  Its full title was Inversions ... in art, literature, philosophy and science. Sexual inversion was a term used by sexologists in the late 19th and early 20th century, to refer to homosexuality.
Enlarge
Inversions, the first French gay journal is published between 1924 and 1926, it stopped publication after the French government charged the publishers with "Outrage aux bonnes mœurs". Its full title was Inversions ... in art, literature, philosophy and science. Sexual inversion was a term used by sexologists in the late 19th and early 20th century, to refer to homosexuality.

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In sociology, anthropology and cultural studies, a subculture is a set of people with a set of behaviors and beliefs, culture, which could be distinct or hidden, that differentiate them from the larger culture to which they belong. If the subculture is characterized by a systematic opposition to the dominant culture, then it may be described as a counterculture.

Contents

Definition

As early as 1950 (p.361) David Riesman distinguished between a majority, "which passively accepted commercially provided styles and meanings, and a 'subculture' which actively sought a minority style...and interpreted it in accordance with subversive values" (Middleton 1990).

Sarah Thornton (1995), after Pierre Bourdieu (1986), described subcultural capital as the cultural knowledge and commodities acquired by members of a subculture, raising their status and helping differentiate themselves from members of other groups, while Roe (1990) uses the term symbolic capital.

It is important to mention that there is a subtle difference between a counterculture and a subculture. A subculture is an at least somewhat integrated component of a society, though clearly separated, while a counterculture is actively and openly opposed to many of the characteristics of a society.

Origin of the term

The term subculture began to figure in anthropological and sociological writing around 1945. The concept has been most generally adopted by scholars of delinquency says Pat Rogers in Grub Street: Studies in a Subculture (1972).

Since the late 1970s, the study and concept of subculture - through the influence of the CCCS - has largely been focused on an awareness of style and differences in style, in clothing, music or other cultural areas.

Etymology

1886, in ref. to bacterial cultures, from sub- + culture. 1936 in ref. to humans.

Sources

See also




Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Subculture" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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