Speaker (politics)
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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The term speaker is a title often given to the presiding officer (chair) of a deliberative assembly, especially a legislative body. The speaker's official role is to moderate debate, make rulings on procedure, announce the results of votes, and the like. The speaker decides who may speak and has the powers to discipline members who break the procedures of the house. The speaker often also represents the body in person, as the voice of the body in ceremonial and some other situations.
The title was first recorded in 1377 to describe the role of Thomas de Hungerford in the Parliament of England for ; in most other cultures other styles are used, mainly translations of chairman or president. In Canadian French, the Speaker of the House of Commons or a legislature are referred to as Président. By convention, these Speakers are normally addressed in Parliament as Mister Speaker, if a man, or Madam Speaker, if a woman.
Many bodies also have a speaker pro tempore or deputy speaker, designated to fill in when the speaker is not available.
See also
- Generic
- President of Congress
- President of the Legislative Assembly
- President of the National Assembly
- President of the Senate
- Speaker of the House
- Speaker of the House of Assembly
- Speaker of the House of Commons
- Speaker of the House of Representatives
- Speaker of the Legislative Assembly
- Speaker of the National Assembly
- Speaker of the Senate
- Specific
- Speaker of the Canadian Senate
- Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario
- Speaker of the Palestinian Legislative Council
- Cathaoirleach (Speaker of the Irish Senate)
- Lord Speaker (Speaker of the United Kingdom House of Lords)
- Marshal of the Senate, Poland
- President of the European Parliament
- President of the National Assembly of Quebec
- President of the Senate of Romania
- Presiding Officer of the United States Senate
- Historic
