Social facilitation
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| - | The '''audience effect''' is the impact that a passive audience has on a subject performing a task. It was first formally noted in various psychology studies in the early 20th century. During some studies the presence of a passive audience facilitated the better performance of a simple task; while in other studies the presence of a passive audience inhibited the performance of a more difficult task. | + | '''Social facilitation''' is defined as improvement in individual performance when working with other people rather than alone. Compared to their performance when alone, when in the presence of others, they tend to perform better on simple or well-rehearsed tasks and worse on complex or new ones. In addition to working together with other people, social facilitation also occurs in mere presence of other people. Previous research have found that individual performance are improved by coaction, performing a task in presence of others who are performing a similar task, and as well as having a mere audience while performing a certain task. An example of coaction triggering social facilitation can be seen in instances where cyclists' performances are improved when cycling along with other cyclists as compared to cycling alone. An instance where having an audience triggers social facilitation can be observed in situation where weightlifter lifts heavier weight in presence of audience. |
| - | In 1965, [[Robert Zajonc]] proposed [[Drive Theory (Social Psychology)|Drive theory]] as an explanation of the ''audience effect''. | + | == See also == |
| - | + | * [[Ringelmann effect]] | |
| - | ==See also== | + | |
| - | * [[Audience theory]] | + | |
| - | * [[Social facilitation]] | + | |
| * [[Social inhibition]] | * [[Social inhibition]] | ||
| - | * [[Social loafing]] | ||
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Social facilitation is defined as improvement in individual performance when working with other people rather than alone. Compared to their performance when alone, when in the presence of others, they tend to perform better on simple or well-rehearsed tasks and worse on complex or new ones. In addition to working together with other people, social facilitation also occurs in mere presence of other people. Previous research have found that individual performance are improved by coaction, performing a task in presence of others who are performing a similar task, and as well as having a mere audience while performing a certain task. An example of coaction triggering social facilitation can be seen in instances where cyclists' performances are improved when cycling along with other cyclists as compared to cycling alone. An instance where having an audience triggers social facilitation can be observed in situation where weightlifter lifts heavier weight in presence of audience.
See also
