Royal charter
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| - | There was a [[Cistercian]] [[abbey]] founded in [[Medmenham]] in the 12th century, under the ownership of [[Woburn Abbey]], though it was not officially recognised by [[royal charter]] until 1200. In 1547 at the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]] the abbey was seized and given to the Moore family, and then sold privately to the Duffields. It was while in the possession of the Duffields that the abbey became infamous as the location of [[The Hellfire Club]], formerly called the ''Monks of Medmenham''. | ||
| - | In 1755, when [[Sir Francis Dashwood]] acquired the ruins of the ancient abbey from the Duffield family he and [[John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich]] attended a church service at [[Saint Peter|St Peter]]'s church in Medmenham where Sandwich let loose a small [[monkey]] into the church. The regular devotees fled in horror, sure that [[Satan]] himself had invaded their place of worship. Today the abbey is a private residence and is not open to the public. | + | In medieval Europe, royal charters were used to create cities (i.e., localities with recognised legal rights and privileges). The date that such a charter was granted is considered to be when a city was "founded", regardless of when the locality originally began to be settled. |
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| + | At one time a '''royal charter''' was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for [[limited company|limited companies]]) are generally now used instead. | ||
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| + | Among the past and present groups formed by royal charter are the [[British East India Company]], the [[Hudson's Bay Company]], the [[Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company]] (P&O), the [[British South Africa Company]], and some of the [[British colonization of the Americas|former British colonies on the North American mainland]]. | ||
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In medieval Europe, royal charters were used to create cities (i.e., localities with recognised legal rights and privileges). The date that such a charter was granted is considered to be when a city was "founded", regardless of when the locality originally began to be settled.
At one time a royal charter was the only way in which an incorporated body could be formed, but other means (such as the registration process for limited companies) are generally now used instead.
Among the past and present groups formed by royal charter are the British East India Company, the Hudson's Bay Company, the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company (P&O), the British South Africa Company, and some of the former British colonies on the North American mainland.
