Royal Society
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| - | Sir '''Isaac Newton''', ([[January 4]], [[1642]] - [[March 31]], [[1727]]), was an [[English people|English]] [[physicist]], [[mathematician]], [[astronomy|astronomer]], [[natural philosophy|natural philosopher]], [[alchemy|alchemist]], and [[theology|theologian]] who is considered by many scholars and members of the general public to be one of the most influential men in [[human history]]. His 1687 publication of the ''[[Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica]]'' (usually called the ''[[Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica|Principia]]'') is considered to be among the most influential books in the [[history of science]], laying the groundwork for most of [[classical mechanics]]. In this work, Newton described [[law of universal gravitation|universal gravitation]] and the three [[Newton's laws of motion|laws of motion]] which dominated the scientific view of the [[physical universe]] for the next three centuries. Newton showed that the motions of objects on [[Earth]] and of [[celestial mechanics|celestial]] bodies are governed by the same set of natural laws by demonstrating the consistency between [[Kepler's laws of planetary motion]] and his theory of gravitation, thus removing the last doubts about [[heliocentrism]] and advancing the [[scientific revolution]]. | + | The '''Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge''', known simply as the '''Royal Society''', is a [[learned society]] for science, and is arguably the oldest such society in existence. |
| - | + | ==See also== | |
| - | Newton also built the first practical [[reflecting telescope]] and developed a theory of [[colour]] based on the observation that a [[triangular prism (optics)|prism]] decomposes [[white#light|white light]] into the many colours that form the [[visible spectrum]]. He also formulated an empirical [[Newton's law of cooling|law of cooling]] and studied the [[speed of sound]]. | + | *[[Academy of Medical Sciences]] |
| - | + | *[[Balnibarbi]] | |
| - | In mathematics, Newton [[Leibniz and Newton calculus controversy|shares]] the credit with [[Gottfried Leibniz]] for the [[history of calculus|development]] of the differential and integral [[infinitesimal calculus|calculus]]. He also demonstrated the [[binomial theorem|generalised binomial theorem]], developed the so-called "[[Newton's method]]" for approximating the zeroes of a [[function (mathematics)|function]], and contributed to the study of [[power series]]. | + | *[[British Academy]] |
| - | + | *[[British Association for the Advancement of Science]] | |
| - | Newton remains influential to scientists, as demonstrated by a 2005 survey of members of Britain's [[Royal Society]] asking who had the greater effect on the history of science and had the greater contribution to humankind, Newton or [[Albert Einstein]]. [[Royal Society]] scientists deemed Newton to have made the greater overall contribution on both. | + | *[[:Category:Fellows of the Royal Society|Fellows of the Royal Society]] |
| - | + | *[[History of science]] | |
| - | Newton was also highly religious, though [[Isaac Newton's religious views|an unorthodox Christian]], writing more on [[Biblical hermeneutics]] and [[Isaac Newton's occult studies|occult studies]] than the natural science for which he is remembered today. | + | *[[Laputa]], a fictional island full of absurd inventions put by [[Jonathan Swift]] in ''[[Gulliver's Travels]]'' to mock the Royal Society. |
| - | + | *[[Learned societies]] | |
| + | *[[List of British professional bodies]] | ||
| + | *[[List of Fellows of the Royal Society]] | ||
| + | *[[List of Presidents of the Royal Society]] | ||
| + | *[[List of Royal Societies]] | ||
| + | *[[Royal Institution]] | ||
| + | *[[Royal Society of Arts]] | ||
| + | *The [[Royal Society Range]], a mountain range in [[Antarctica]] named after the Society | ||
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The Royal Society of London for the Improvement of Natural Knowledge, known simply as the Royal Society, is a learned society for science, and is arguably the oldest such society in existence.
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See also
- Academy of Medical Sciences
- Balnibarbi
- British Academy
- British Association for the Advancement of Science
- Fellows of the Royal Society
- History of science
- Laputa, a fictional island full of absurd inventions put by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver's Travels to mock the Royal Society.
- Learned societies
- List of British professional bodies
- List of Fellows of the Royal Society
- List of Presidents of the Royal Society
- List of Royal Societies
- Royal Institution
- Royal Society of Arts
- The Royal Society Range, a mountain range in Antarctica named after the Society
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