Romantic nationalism
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| - | [[Romantic nationalism]] (also ''organic nationalism'', ''identity nationalism'') is the form of [[ethnic nationalism]] in which the state derives political legitimacy as a natural ("organic") consequence and [[expression]] of the nation, or [[race]]. It reflected the ideals of [[Romanticism]] and was opposed to Enlightenment [[rationalism]]. Romantic nationalism emphasised a historical ethnic culture which meets the Romantic Ideal; [[folklore]] developed as a Romantic nationalist concept. The [[Brothers Grimm]] were inspired by Herder's writings to create an idealised collection of tales which they labeled as ethnically German. Historian [[Jules Michelet]] exemplifies [[French romantic]]-nationalist history.{{GFDL}} | + | :''[[ethnic nationalism]]'' |
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| + | '''Romantic nationalism''' (also '''national romanticism''', '''organic nationalism''', '''identity nationalism''') is the form of [[nationalism]] in which the state derives its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of the unity of those it governs. This includes, depending on the particular manner of practice, the [[language]], [[Race (classification of human beings)|race]], [[culture]], [[religion]], and [[customs]] of the [[nation]] in its primal sense of those who were born within its culture. This form of nationalism arose in reaction to dynastic or imperial [[hegemony]], which assessed the legitimacy of the state from the top down, emanating from a monarch or other authority, which justified its existence. Such downward-radiating power might ultimately derive from a god or gods | ||
| + | (see the [[divine right of kings]] and the [[Mandate of Heaven]]). | ||
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| + | Among the key themes of [[Romanticism]], and its most enduring legacy, the cultural assertions of romantic nationalism have also been central in [[Age of Enlightenment|post-Enlightenment]] art and political philosophy. From its earliest stirrings, with their focus on the development of national languages and [[folklore]], and the spiritual value of local customs and traditions, to the movements that would redraw the map of Europe and lead to calls for [[self-determination]] of nationalities, nationalism was one of the key issues in Romanticism, determining its roles, expressions and meanings. | ||
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| + | Historically in Europe, the watershed year for romantic nationalism was 1848, when a [[Revolutions of 1848|revolutionary wave]] spread across the continent; numerous [[nationalism|nationalistic]] revolutions occurred in various fragmented regions (such as Italy) or multinational states (such as the [[Austrian Empire]]). While initially the revolutions fell to reactionary forces and the old order was quickly re-established, the many revolutions would mark the first step towards [[liberalism|liberalization]] and the formation of modern [[nation states]] across much of Europe. | ||
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| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[Conservatism]] | ||
| + | * [[Scandinavism]] | ||
| + | * [[Norwegian romantic nationalism]] | ||
| + | * [[Britishness]] | ||
| + | * [[Ethnic nationalism]] | ||
| + | * [[Irredentism]] | ||
| + | * [[Revanchism]] | ||
| + | * [[Middle Ages in history]] | ||
| + | * [[Civil religion]] | ||
| + | * [[Neo-medievalism]] | ||
| + | * [[Polytheistic reconstructionism]] | ||
| + | * [[National epic]] | ||
| + | * [[National treasure]] | ||
| + | * [[National anthem]] | ||
| + | * [[Nationalism]] | ||
| + | * [[Patriotism]] | ||
| + | * [[Populism]] | ||
| + | * [[Ethnocentrism]] | ||
| + | * [[Racism]] | ||
| + | * [[Rise of nationalism in Europe]] | ||
| + | * [[Historiography and nationalism]] | ||
| + | {{GFDL}} | ||
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Romantic nationalism (also national romanticism, organic nationalism, identity nationalism) is the form of nationalism in which the state derives its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of the unity of those it governs. This includes, depending on the particular manner of practice, the language, race, culture, religion, and customs of the nation in its primal sense of those who were born within its culture. This form of nationalism arose in reaction to dynastic or imperial hegemony, which assessed the legitimacy of the state from the top down, emanating from a monarch or other authority, which justified its existence. Such downward-radiating power might ultimately derive from a god or gods (see the divine right of kings and the Mandate of Heaven).
Among the key themes of Romanticism, and its most enduring legacy, the cultural assertions of romantic nationalism have also been central in post-Enlightenment art and political philosophy. From its earliest stirrings, with their focus on the development of national languages and folklore, and the spiritual value of local customs and traditions, to the movements that would redraw the map of Europe and lead to calls for self-determination of nationalities, nationalism was one of the key issues in Romanticism, determining its roles, expressions and meanings.
Historically in Europe, the watershed year for romantic nationalism was 1848, when a revolutionary wave spread across the continent; numerous nationalistic revolutions occurred in various fragmented regions (such as Italy) or multinational states (such as the Austrian Empire). While initially the revolutions fell to reactionary forces and the old order was quickly re-established, the many revolutions would mark the first step towards liberalization and the formation of modern nation states across much of Europe.
See also
- Conservatism
- Scandinavism
- Norwegian romantic nationalism
- Britishness
- Ethnic nationalism
- Irredentism
- Revanchism
- Middle Ages in history
- Civil religion
- Neo-medievalism
- Polytheistic reconstructionism
- National epic
- National treasure
- National anthem
- Nationalism
- Patriotism
- Populism
- Ethnocentrism
- Racism
- Rise of nationalism in Europe
- Historiography and nationalism
