Roman law and the insanity defense
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| + | [[Roman law]] has two short dicta regarding the [[insanity defense]] | ||
| - | ("furiosum fati infelicitas excusat, [[satis furore ipso punitur]]") (Lenckner 1972). | + | The first is "satis furore ipso punitur" from [[De lege Pompeia de Parricidiis]] (part of the [[Corpus Iuris Civilis]]) and freely translates as "an insane offender is punished sufficiently by his madness". |
| - | Le droit romain lui-même n'offrait pas de doctrine com- | + | A variant on this phrase is "furiosus satis ipso furore punitur" (Eng: the madman is sufficiently punished by his madness) is attributed to [[Marcus Aurelius]]. |
| - | plète et généralement formulée; cependant un grand nombre de | + | |
| - | textes empruntés soit aux matières civiles, soit aux actions pé- | + | The second is dictum is "fati infelicitas excusat," which translates as "the bad luck of his fate is his excuse." The full citation is "Infans vel furiosus si hominem occiderint, lege cornelia non tenentur, cum alterum innocentia consilii tuetur, alterum fati infelicitas excusat" and it stems from the [[Lex Cornelia de sicariis et veneficis]]. |
| - | nales privées, ou véritablement relatifs à la punition de cer- | + | |
| - | tains crimes, mettaient hors de doute le principe que l'insensé | + | ==See also== |
| - | (nommé en droit romaim furiosus) devait être à l'abri de la peine. | + | *[[Roman law]] |
| - | Mais les motifs tirés de quelques-uns de ces textes : « Fati infé- | + | *[[Insanity defense]] |
| - | licitas excusât (1), w — « Satis furore ipso punitur; sufficit | + | *''[[Furiosus]]'' |
| - | furore ipso eum puniri (2) , ^^ que les criminalistes ont répétés | + | *''[[Non compos mentis]]'' |
| - | depuis à satiété et sur lesquels ils ont appuyé diverses consé- | + | *''[[Mens rea]]'' |
| - | quences qu'ils en ont déduites, ne doivent être considérés que | + | *[[Macer, On Criminal Trials, Book II]]. |
| - | comme une phraséologie peu rationnelle. Nous savons, en effet, | + | |
| - | que ce n'est point en considération du malheur de sa destinée, ni | + | |
| - | parce que sa folie serait pour lui une peine sufGsante, que l'in- | + | |
| - | sensé n'est pas punissable ; c'est parce qu'il n'offre pas en sa per- | + | |
| - | sonne les éléments voulus pour l'imputabilité. Au lieu de ces | + | |
| - | phrases sans fondement, on aurait pu s'arrêter, dans le droit | + | |
| - | romain, à cet autre motif donné par Ulpien et bien plus près de | + | |
| - | la vérité : « Quœ enim in eo culpa sit, cum suœ mentis non | + | |
| - | sit (3) ? — ce Namqiie hi pati injuriam soient , non facere : cum | + | |
| - | enim injuria ex affectu facientis consistât [k). » | + | |
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Roman law has two short dicta regarding the insanity defense
The first is "satis furore ipso punitur" from De lege Pompeia de Parricidiis (part of the Corpus Iuris Civilis) and freely translates as "an insane offender is punished sufficiently by his madness".
A variant on this phrase is "furiosus satis ipso furore punitur" (Eng: the madman is sufficiently punished by his madness) is attributed to Marcus Aurelius.
The second is dictum is "fati infelicitas excusat," which translates as "the bad luck of his fate is his excuse." The full citation is "Infans vel furiosus si hominem occiderint, lege cornelia non tenentur, cum alterum innocentia consilii tuetur, alterum fati infelicitas excusat" and it stems from the Lex Cornelia de sicariis et veneficis.
See also
