Raymond Smullyan
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| - | '''Raymond Merrill Smullyan''' (born May 25, 1919) is an [[United States|American]] [[mathematician]], [[Piano|concert pianist]], [[logician]], [[Taoism|Taoist]] [[philosopher]], and [[magic (illusion)|magician]]. | ||
| + | '''Raymond Merrill Smullyan''' (May 25, 1919 – February 6, 2017) was an [[United States|American]] [[mathematician]], [[Piano|concert pianist]], [[logician]], [[Taoism|Taoist]] [[philosopher]], and [[magic (illusion)|magician]]. | ||
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| + | Born in [[Far Rockaway, Queens|Far Rockaway]], [[New York (state)|New York]], his first career was stage magic. He then earned a [[BSc]] from the [[University of Chicago]] in 1955 and his [[Ph.D.]] from [[Princeton University]] in 1959. He is one of many logicians to have studied under [[Alonzo Church]]. | ||
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| + | ==Philosophy== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Smullyan has written several books about [[Taoism|Taoist philosophy]], a philosophy he believes neatly solves most or all traditional [[philosophical problem]]s as well as integrating [[mathematics]], [[logic]], and [[philosophy]] into a cohesive whole. One of Smullyan's discussions of Taoist philosophy centers on the question of [[free will]] in an imagined conversation between a [[mortal |mortal human]] and [[God]]. | ||
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| + | ==Selected publications== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Logic puzzles=== | ||
| + | * (1978) ''What Is the Name of This Book? The Riddle of Dracula and Other Logical Puzzles'' ISBN 0139550623 – knights, knaves, and other logic puzzles | ||
| + | * (1979) ''The Chess Mysteries of Sherlock Holmes'' ISBN 0394737571 – introducing [[retrograde analysis]] in the game of [[chess]]. | ||
| + | * (1981) ''The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights'' ISBN 0192861247 – second book on retrograde analysis chess problems. | ||
| + | * (1982) ''The Lady or the Tiger?'' ISBN 0812921178 – ladies, tigers, and more logic puzzles | ||
| + | * (1982) ''Alice in Puzzle-Land'' ISBN 0688007481 | ||
| + | * (1985) ''[[To Mock a Mockingbird]]'' ISBN 0192801422 – puzzles based on combinatory logic | ||
| + | * (1987) ''Forever Undecided'' ISBN 0192801414 – puzzles based on undecidability in formal systems | ||
| + | * (1992) ''Satan, Cantor and Infinity'' ISBN 0679406883 | ||
| + | * (1997) ''The Riddle of Scheherazade'' ISBN 0156006065 | ||
| + | * (2007) ''The Magic Garden of George B. And Other Logic Puzzles'' ISBN 9788876990663, [[Polimetrica (Monza/Italy)]] | ||
| + | * (2009) ''Logical Labyrinths'' ISBN 9781568814438, [[A K Peters]] | ||
| + | * (2010) ''King Arthur in Search of his Dog'' ISBN 0486474356 | ||
| + | * (2013) ''The Godelian Puzzle Book: Puzzles, Paradoxes and Proofs'' ISBN 0486497054 | ||
| + | * (2015) ''[http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/9568 The Magic Garden of George B and Other Logic Puzzles]'' ISBN 978-981-4675-05-5 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Philosophy/memoir=== | ||
| + | * (1977) ''The Tao is Silent'' ISBN 0060674695 | ||
| + | * (1980) ''This Book Needs No Title'' ISBN 0671628313 | ||
| + | * (1983) ''5000 B.C. and other philosophical fantasies'' ISBN 0312295162 | ||
| + | * (2002) ''Some Interesting Memories: A Paradoxical Life'' ISBN 1888710101 | ||
| + | * (2003) ''Who Knows?: A Study of Religious Consciousness'' ISBN 0253215749 | ||
| + | * (2009) ''Rambles Through My Library'' ISBN 9780963923165, [[Praxis International]] | ||
| + | * (2015) ''[http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/9451 Reflections: The Magic, Music and Mathematics of Raymond Smullyan]'' ISBN 978-981-4644-58-7 | ||
| + | * (2016) ''[https://www.saggingmeniscus.com/catalog/a-mixed-bag/ A Mixed Bag: Jokes, Riddles, Puzzles and Memorabilia]'' ISBN 978-098-6144-57-8 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Academic=== | ||
| + | * (1961) ''Theory of Formal Systems'' ISBN 069108047X | ||
| + | * (1968) ''First-Order Logic'' ISBN 0486683702 | ||
| + | * (1992) ''Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems'' ISBN 0195046722 | ||
| + | * (1993) ''Recursion Theory for Metamathematics'' ISBN 019508232X | ||
| + | * (1994) ''Diagonalization and Self-Reference'' ISBN 0198534507 | ||
| + | * (1996) ''Set Theory and the Continuum Problem'' ISBN 0198523955 | ||
| + | * (2014) ''A Beginner's Guide to Mathematical Logic'' ISBN 0486492370 | ||
| + | * (2016) ''A Beginner's Further Guide to Mathematical Logic'' ISBN 978-981-4730-99-0 | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Bibliography== | ||
| + | * ''[http://www.mit.edu/people/dpolicar/writing/prose/text/godTaoist.html Is God a Taoist?]'' by Raymond Smullyan, 1977. | ||
| + | * ''[http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~knuth/smullyan.html Planet Without Laughter]'' by Raymond Smullyan, 1980. | ||
| + | * ''[http://www.mit.edu/people/dpolicar/writing/prose/text/epistemologicalNightmare.html An Epistemological Nightmare]'' by Raymond Smullyan, 1982. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland]] | ||
| + | * [[Logic]] | ||
| + | * [[Paradox]] | ||
| + | * [[The Lady, or the Tiger]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 14:45, 11 February 2017
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Raymond Merrill Smullyan (May 25, 1919 – February 6, 2017) was an American mathematician, concert pianist, logician, Taoist philosopher, and magician.
Born in Far Rockaway, New York, his first career was stage magic. He then earned a BSc from the University of Chicago in 1955 and his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1959. He is one of many logicians to have studied under Alonzo Church.
Contents |
Philosophy
Smullyan has written several books about Taoist philosophy, a philosophy he believes neatly solves most or all traditional philosophical problems as well as integrating mathematics, logic, and philosophy into a cohesive whole. One of Smullyan's discussions of Taoist philosophy centers on the question of free will in an imagined conversation between a mortal human and God.
Selected publications
Logic puzzles
- (1978) What Is the Name of This Book? The Riddle of Dracula and Other Logical Puzzles ISBN 0139550623 – knights, knaves, and other logic puzzles
- (1979) The Chess Mysteries of Sherlock Holmes ISBN 0394737571 – introducing retrograde analysis in the game of chess.
- (1981) The Chess Mysteries of the Arabian Knights ISBN 0192861247 – second book on retrograde analysis chess problems.
- (1982) The Lady or the Tiger? ISBN 0812921178 – ladies, tigers, and more logic puzzles
- (1982) Alice in Puzzle-Land ISBN 0688007481
- (1985) To Mock a Mockingbird ISBN 0192801422 – puzzles based on combinatory logic
- (1987) Forever Undecided ISBN 0192801414 – puzzles based on undecidability in formal systems
- (1992) Satan, Cantor and Infinity ISBN 0679406883
- (1997) The Riddle of Scheherazade ISBN 0156006065
- (2007) The Magic Garden of George B. And Other Logic Puzzles ISBN 9788876990663, Polimetrica (Monza/Italy)
- (2009) Logical Labyrinths ISBN 9781568814438, A K Peters
- (2010) King Arthur in Search of his Dog ISBN 0486474356
- (2013) The Godelian Puzzle Book: Puzzles, Paradoxes and Proofs ISBN 0486497054
- (2015) The Magic Garden of George B and Other Logic Puzzles ISBN 978-981-4675-05-5
Philosophy/memoir
- (1977) The Tao is Silent ISBN 0060674695
- (1980) This Book Needs No Title ISBN 0671628313
- (1983) 5000 B.C. and other philosophical fantasies ISBN 0312295162
- (2002) Some Interesting Memories: A Paradoxical Life ISBN 1888710101
- (2003) Who Knows?: A Study of Religious Consciousness ISBN 0253215749
- (2009) Rambles Through My Library ISBN 9780963923165, Praxis International
- (2015) Reflections: The Magic, Music and Mathematics of Raymond Smullyan ISBN 978-981-4644-58-7
- (2016) A Mixed Bag: Jokes, Riddles, Puzzles and Memorabilia ISBN 978-098-6144-57-8
Academic
- (1961) Theory of Formal Systems ISBN 069108047X
- (1968) First-Order Logic ISBN 0486683702
- (1992) Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems ISBN 0195046722
- (1993) Recursion Theory for Metamathematics ISBN 019508232X
- (1994) Diagonalization and Self-Reference ISBN 0198534507
- (1996) Set Theory and the Continuum Problem ISBN 0198523955
- (2014) A Beginner's Guide to Mathematical Logic ISBN 0486492370
- (2016) A Beginner's Further Guide to Mathematical Logic ISBN 978-981-4730-99-0
Bibliography
- Is God a Taoist? by Raymond Smullyan, 1977.
- Planet Without Laughter by Raymond Smullyan, 1980.
- An Epistemological Nightmare by Raymond Smullyan, 1982.
See also
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Raymond Smullyan" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
