Providentialism  

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"Nietzsche, despising Darwin as a dull grubber" --Egoists: A Book of Supermen

Nietzsche early learned of Darwinism through Friedrich Albert Lange.

He later frequently criticizes Darwin as naive and derivative of Hobbes and early English economists and without an account of life from the "inside" (and consider in this light Darwin's own introduction to the first edition of On the Origin of Species) (consider also Nietzsche's critique to the effect that Darwinism, as typically understood, is trading in a new version of the Providential in Human, all too Human):

"Wherever progress is to ensue, deviating natures are of greatest importance. Every progress of the whole must be preceded by a partial weakening. The strongest natures retain the type, the weaker ones help to advance it. Something similar also happens in the individual. There is rarely a degeneration, a truncation, or even a vice or any physical or "moral" loss without an advantage somewhere else. In a warlike and restless clan, for example, the sicklier man may have occasion to be alone, and may therefore become quieter and wiser; the one-eyed man will have one eye the stronger; the blind man may see deeper inwardly, and certainly hear better. To this extent, the famous theory of the survival of the fittest does not seem to be the only viewpoint from which to explain the progress of strengthening of a man or of a race."

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