Proto-Surrealism
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| [[Image:Un autre monde by Grandville.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Interplanetary Bridge]], [[Surrealism avant la lettre]] from ''[[Un autre monde]]'' ([[1844]]) by [[Grandville]]]] | [[Image:Un autre monde by Grandville.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Interplanetary Bridge]], [[Surrealism avant la lettre]] from ''[[Un autre monde]]'' ([[1844]]) by [[Grandville]]]] | ||
| [[Image:Bracelli.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|From the ''[[Bizzarie di varie figure]]'' ([[1624]]) by [[Giovanni Battista Braccelli]]]] | [[Image:Bracelli.jpeg|thumb|right|200px|From the ''[[Bizzarie di varie figure]]'' ([[1624]]) by [[Giovanni Battista Braccelli]]]] | ||
| + | [[Image:The red splodge representing the reign of Ivan the Terrible in Gustave Doré's 'The History of Holy Russia'.jpg |thumb|right|200px|[[The red splodge representing the reign of Ivan the Terrible in Gustave Doré's 'The History of Holy Russia']]]] | ||
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Revision as of 11:11, 15 June 2014
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Proto-Surrealism is a term used for Surrealism avant-la-lettre. Since the terms surrealism and surreal were coined only c. 1917, the surreal sensibility before that time was best described by the French term fantastique, which includes fantastic art.
Thought of as the effort of humanity to liberate imagination as an act of insurrection against society, Surrealism finds precedents in the alchemists, possibly Dante, Hieronymus Bosch, Marquis de Sade, Charles Fourier, Comte de Lautreamont and Arthur Rimbaud.
The immediate predecessor was Dada: collaborators included Hugo Ball (German actor and playwright); Jean Arp (Alsatian artist); Tristan Tzara (Rumanian poet); Marcel Janco (Rumanian artist); and Richard Huelsenbeck (a German poet).
Earlier examples include Bracelli in the visual and Lucian in the literary field.
In "What is Surrealism?" (1934), André Breton mentions a list of proto-Surrealists.
See also
