Protest  

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 +[[Image:Eugène Delacroix - La liberté guidant le peuple.jpg|thumb|200px|This page '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is part of the [[politics]] series.<br><small>Illustration:''[[Liberty Leading the People]]'' (1831, detail) by [[Eugène Delacroix]].</small>]]
{{Template}} {{Template}}
-'''Civil disobedience''' encompasses the active refusal to [[obey]] certain [[law]]s, demands and commands of a [[government]] or of an occupying [[power (international)|power]] without resorting to physical violence. It could be said that it is [[compassion]] in the form of respectful disagreement. Civil disobedience has been used in [[nonviolent resistance]] movements in [[India]] ([[Mahatma Gandhi|Gandhi's]] social welfare campaigns and campaigns to speed up independence from the British Empire), in [[South Africa]] in the fight against [[apartheid]], and in the [[American Civil Rights Movement (1955-1968)|American Civil Rights Movement]]. +A '''protest''' (also called a '''remonstrance''', '''remonstration''' or '''demonstration''') is an expression of bearing witness on behalf of an express cause by words or actions with regard to particular events, policies or situations. Protests can take many different forms, from individual statements to mass [[Demonstration (protest)|demonstrations]]. Protesters may organize a protest as a way of publicly making their opinions heard in an attempt to influence [[public opinion]] or government policy, or they may undertake [[direct action]] in an attempt to directly enact desired changes themselves. Where protests are part of a systematic and peaceful [[nonviolent]] campaign to achieve a particular objective, and involve the use of pressure as well as persuasion, they go beyond mere protest and may be better described as cases of [[civil resistance]] or [[nonviolent resistance]].
-The [[United States|American]] author [[Henry David Thoreau]] pioneered the modern theory behind this practice in his 1849 essay ''[[Civil Disobedience (Thoreau)|Civil Disobedience]]''.+
-== See also ==+
-'''Ideas'''+Various forms of self-expression and protest are sometimes restricted by governmental policy (such as the requirement of [[protest permit]]s), economic circumstances, religious orthodoxy, social structures, or media monopoly. One state reaction to protests is the use of [[riot police]]. Observers have noted an increased [[Militarization of police|militarization of protest policing]], with police deploying armored vehicles and snipers against the protesters. When such restrictions occur, protests may assume the form of open [[civil disobedience]], more subtle forms of resistance against the restrictions, or may spill over into other areas such as culture and emigration.
-* [[Civil resistance]]+
-* [[Conscientious objection]]+
-* [[Direct action]]+
-* [[Draft resistance]]+
-* [[Examples of civil disobedience]]+
-* [[Insubordination]]+
-* [[Nonconformism]]+
-* [[Nonviolence]]+
-* [[Nonviolent resistance]]+
-* [[Tax resistance]]+
-* [[Tree sitting]]+
-* [[Hunt saboteur|Hunt sabotage]]+
-'''Groups'''+A protest itself may at times be the subject of a [[counter-protest]]. In such a case, counter-protesters demonstrate their support for the person, policy, action, etc. that is the subject of the original protest. In some cases, these protesters can violently clash.
-* [[Committee of 100 (United Kingdom)]]+
-* [[Abalone Alliance]] and [[Clamshell Alliance]], anti-nuclear power groups+
-* [[Righteous Among the Nations]]+
-** [[Le Chambon-sur-Lignon]], French bread town+
-* [[The White Rose]]+
-* [[Trident Ploughshares]], anti-nuclear weapons group+
-* [[Defiance Campaign]], anti-apartheid campaign in South Africa.+
-'''People'''+ 
-* [[Mohandas Gandhi]]+==See also==
-** ''[[Satyagraha]]''+* [[Activist Wisdom]], a book about protesters in Australia
-* [[Martin Luther King, Jr.|Dr Martin Luther King, Jr]]+* [[Anti-globalization movement]]
-** ''[[Letter from Birmingham Jail]]''+* [[Fare strike]]
-* [[John Lennon]]+* [[First Amendment to the United States Constitution]]
-* [[Rosa Parks]], "mother of the civil rights movement"+* [[Gandhigiri]]
-* [[James Bevel]], the Strategist of the 1960s Civil Rights Movement+* [[I Protest]]
-* [[Dalai Lama]]+* [[List of uprisings led by women]]
-* [[Henry David Thoreau]]+* [[Protest art]]
-* [[Lech Wałęsa]]+* [[Public Library Advocacy]]
-* [[Dorothy Day]] co-founder of Catholic Worker Movement+* [[Right to protest]]
-* [[Philip Berrigan]] former Josephite priest and nonviolent activist+* [[Satyagraha]]
-* [[Daniel Berrigan]] Jesuit priest and nonviolent activist+* [[Social criticism]]
-* [[Sousveillance]], passive campaign against [[surveillance]]+* [[Tactical frivolity]]
-* [[Václav Havel]]+
-* [[Anna Hazare]], 2011 Civil Disobedience in India for [[Jan Lokpal Bill]] (Citizen's ombudsman Bill)+
{{GFDL}} {{GFDL}}

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This page Protest is part of the politics series.Illustration:Liberty Leading the People (1831, detail) by Eugène Delacroix.
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This page Protest is part of the politics series.
Illustration:Liberty Leading the People (1831, detail) by Eugène Delacroix.

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A protest (also called a remonstrance, remonstration or demonstration) is an expression of bearing witness on behalf of an express cause by words or actions with regard to particular events, policies or situations. Protests can take many different forms, from individual statements to mass demonstrations. Protesters may organize a protest as a way of publicly making their opinions heard in an attempt to influence public opinion or government policy, or they may undertake direct action in an attempt to directly enact desired changes themselves. Where protests are part of a systematic and peaceful nonviolent campaign to achieve a particular objective, and involve the use of pressure as well as persuasion, they go beyond mere protest and may be better described as cases of civil resistance or nonviolent resistance.

Various forms of self-expression and protest are sometimes restricted by governmental policy (such as the requirement of protest permits), economic circumstances, religious orthodoxy, social structures, or media monopoly. One state reaction to protests is the use of riot police. Observers have noted an increased militarization of protest policing, with police deploying armored vehicles and snipers against the protesters. When such restrictions occur, protests may assume the form of open civil disobedience, more subtle forms of resistance against the restrictions, or may spill over into other areas such as culture and emigration.

A protest itself may at times be the subject of a counter-protest. In such a case, counter-protesters demonstrate their support for the person, policy, action, etc. that is the subject of the original protest. In some cases, these protesters can violently clash.


See also




Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Protest" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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