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-'''Robert Frank''' (November 9, 1924 – September 9, 2019) was a [[Swiss photographer]] and [[documentary film]]maker, who became an American binational.  
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-His most notable work, the 1958 book titled [[The Americans (photography)|''The Americans'']], earned Frank comparisons to a modern-day [[Alexis de Tocqueville|de Tocqueville]] for his fresh and nuanced outsider's view of American society.  
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-Frank later expanded into film and video and experimented with manipulating photographs and [[photomontage]]. 
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-Frank's 1972 documentary of the [[Rolling Stones]], ''[[Cocksucker Blues]]'', is arguably his best known film. The film shows the Stones on tour, engaging in heavy drug use and [[group sex]]. Frank said of the Stones, "It was great to watch them — the excitement. But my job was after the show. What I was photographing was a kind of boredom. It's so difficult being famous. It's a horrendous life. Everyone wants to get something from you." 
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-== Background and early photography career == 
-Frank was born in Zürich, Switzerland, the son of Rosa (Zucker) and Hermann Frank. His family was Jewish.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=YeK7FXhKrw0C&dq=Encyclopedia+of+Twentieth+Century+Photography|title=Encyclopedia of Twentieth-century Photography|last=Warren|first=Lynne|date=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-57958-393-4|language=en}}</ref> Robert states in Gerald Fox's 2005 documentary ''Leaving Home, Coming Home'' that his mother, Rosa (other sources state her name as Regina), had a Swiss passport, while his father, Hermann originating from Frankfurt, Germany had become stateless after losing his German citizenship as a Jew. They had to apply for the Swiss citizenship of Robert and his older brother, Manfred. Though Frank and his family remained safe in Switzerland during World War II, the threat of [[Nazism]] nonetheless affected his understanding of oppression. He turned to photography, in part as a means to escape the confines of his business-oriented family and home, and trained under a few photographers and graphic designers before he created his first hand-made book of photographs, ''40 Fotos'', in 1946.<ref name="Lynne" /> Frank emigrated to the United States in 1947, and secured a job in New York City as a [[fashion photographer]] for ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]''.<ref name="bbc-2019">{{cite news|access-date=September 10, 2019|title=Influential photographer Robert Frank dies at 94|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-49646420|date=September 10, 2019|via=bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref name="Lynne" /> 
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-In 1949, the new editor of ''[[Camera (magazine)|Camera]]'' magazine, Walter Laubli (1902–1991), published a substantial portfolio of [[Jakob Tuggener]] pictures made at upper-class entertainments and in factories, alongside the work of the 25 year-old Frank who had just returned to his native Switzerland after two years abroad, with pages including some of his first pictures from New York. The magazine promoted the two as representatives of the 'new photography' of Switzerland.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.fr/books?id=iFERDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT104|p=104|title=American Witness: The Art and Life of Robert Frank|last=Smith|first=R. J.|date=November 7, 2017|publisher=Hachette Books|isbn=978-0-306-82337-4|language=en}}</ref> 
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-Tuggener was a role model for the younger artist, first mentioned to him by Frank's boss and mentor, Zurich commercial photographer Michael Wolgensinger (1913–1990) who understood that Frank was unsuited to the more mercenary application of the medium. Tuggener, as a serious artist who had left the commercial world behind, was the "one Frank really did love, from among all Swiss photographers," according to Guido Magnaguagno and ''Fabrik'', as a photo book, was a model for Frank's Les Américains ('[[The Americans (photography)|The Americans]]') published ten years later in [[Paris]] by Delpire, in 1958.<ref>{{Citation|last=Smith|first=R. J.|title=American witness : the art and life of Robert Frank|date=2017|publisher=Da Capo Press|edition= First|isbn=978-0-306-82336-7}}</ref> 
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-He soon left to travel in South America and Europe. He created another hand-made book of photographs that he shot in Peru, and returned to the U.S. in 1950. That year was momentous for Frank, who, after meeting [[Edward Steichen]], participated in the group show ''51 American Photographers'' at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] (MoMA); he also married fellow artist [[Mary Frank]] née Mary Lockspeiser, with whom he had two children, Andrea and Pablo.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/04/magazine/where-have-you-gone-robert-frank.html|title=Where Have You Gone, Robert Frank?|last=Woodward|first=Richard B.|date=September 4, 1994|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 4, 2018|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> 
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-<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Mabou.JPG|thumb|right|250px|''Mabou'' by Robert Frank, from the 2004–2005 [[Tate Modern]] ''Storylines'' exhibition]] --> 
-Though he was initially optimistic about the United States' society and culture, Frank's perspective quickly changed as he confronted the fast pace of American life and what he saw as an overemphasis on money. He now saw America as an often bleak and lonely place, a perspective that became evident in his later photography. Frank's own dissatisfaction with the control that editors exercised over his work also undoubtedly colored his experience. He continued to travel, moving his family briefly to Paris.<ref name="Lynne" /> In 1953, he returned to New York and continued to work as a freelance [[photojournalist]] for magazines including ''[[McCall's]]'', ''[[Vogue magazine|Vogue]]'', and ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]''. Associating with other contemporary photographers such as [[Saul Leiter]] and [[Diane Arbus]], he helped form what Jane Livingston has termed The New York School of photographers (not to be confused with the New York School of art) during the 1940s and 1950s.<ref name="Lynne" /> 
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-In 1955, Frank received the further recognition that came the inclusion by [[Edward Steichen]] of seven his photographs (many more than most other contributors) in the world-touring [[Museum of Modern Art]] exhibition [[The Family of Man]] that was to be seen by 9 million visitors and with a popular catalogue that is still in print.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Steichen|first1=Edward|last2=Sandburg|first2=Carl|last3=Norman|first3=Dorothy|editor-last=Mason|editor-first=Jerry|title=The family of man : the photographic exhibition|date=1955|publisher=Published for the Museum of Modern Art by Simon and Schuster in collaboration with the Maco Magazine Corporation|others=Steichen, Edward (organizer); Lionni, Leo (book designer); Stoller, Ezra (photographer)|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10809600}}</ref> Frank's contributions had been taken in Spain (of a woman kissing her swaddled babe-in-arms), of a bowed old woman in Peru, a rheumy-eyed miner in Wales, and the others in England and the US, including two (one atypically soft-focus) of his wife in pregnancy, and one of six laughing women in the window of the White Tower Hamburger Stand on Fourteenth Street, New York City, later included in ''The Americans''.<ref name=":0">{{Citation|last1=Day|first1=Jonathan|last2=Frank|first2=Robert|title=Robert Frank's The Americans : the art of documentary photography|date=2011|publisher=Intellect|page=118|isbn=978-1-84150-315-8}}</ref> 
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-== ''The Americans'' == 
-{{Main|The Americans (photography)}} 
-Inspired by fellow Swiss [[Jakob Tuggener]]'s 1943 filmic book ''Fabrik,''<ref>{{Citation|last=Tuggener|first=Jakob| title=Fabrik; ein Bildepos der Technik|date=1943|publisher=Rotapfel-verlag|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/28559980|isbn=978-3-86521-493-5}}</ref> [[Bill Brandt]]'s ''The English at Home'' (1936),<ref>{{Citation|last=Brandt|first=Bill|title=The English at home|date=1936|publisher=C. Scribner's sons ; London : B.T. Batsford|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/22046468}}</ref> and [[Walker Evans]]'s ''American Photographs''<ref>{{Citation|last1=Evans|first1=Walker|last2=Kirstein|first2=Lincoln|title=American photographs|date=1938|publisher=The Museum of Modern Art|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/6140078|isbn=978-0-87070-835-0}}</ref> (1938),<ref>Tom Maloney U. S. Camera 1958. U. S. Camera Publishing, New York, 1957, p.115</ref> and on the recommendation of Evans (a previous recipient),<ref>{{Citation|last1=Greenough|first=Sarah|last2=Alexander|first2=Stuart|title=Looking in : Robert Frank's The Americans|date=2009|publisher=National Gallery of Art ; [Göttingen] : Steidl|edition= Expanded|page=152|isbn=978-3-86521-806-3}}</ref> [[Alexey Brodovitch]], [[Alexander Liberman|Alexander Leiberman]], Edward Steichen, and [[Meyer Schapiro]],<ref name=":0" /> Frank secured a [[Guggenheim Fellowship]] from the [[John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation]]<ref name="guggenheim-fellowship">{{cite web|url=http://www.gf.org/fellows/all-fellows/robert-frank/| access-date=July 5, 2015|publisher=John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation|title=Robert Frank}}</ref> in 1955 to travel across the United States and photograph all strata of its society. Cities he visited included [[Detroit]] and [[Dearborn, Michigan]]; [[Savannah, Georgia]]; [[Miami Beach]] and [[St. Petersburg, Florida]]; [[New Orleans]], Louisiana; [[Houston]], Texas; [[Los Angeles]], California; [[Reno, Nevada]]; [[Salt Lake City, Utah]]; [[Butte, Montana]]; and [[Chicago]], Illinois.<ref name="roadtripcities">{{cite news|url=http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2009/09/14/090914fa_fact_lane|date=September 14, 2009|access-date=December 27, 2014|first=Anthony|last=Lane|newspaper=[[The New Yorker]]|title=Road Show: The journey of Robert Frank's "The Americans."}}</ref> He took his family along with him for part of his series of [[road trip]]s over the next two years, during which time he took 28,000 shots. 83 of these were selected by him for publication in ''The Americans''.<ref name="ndawidoff">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/05/magazine/robert-franks-america.html?_r=0| date=July 14, 2012| access-date=September 15, 2015|first=Nicholas|last=Dawidoff|author-link=Nicholas Dawidoff|publisher=[[The New York Times Magazine]]|title=The Man Who Saw America}}</ref> 
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-Frank's journey was not without incident. He later recalled the anti-Semitism to which he was subject in a small Arkansas town. "I remember the guy [policeman] took me into the police station, and he sat there and put his feet on the table. It came out that I was Jewish because I had a letter from the Guggenheim Foundation. They really were primitive." He was told by the sheriff, "Well, we have to get somebody who speaks Yiddish." ... "They wanted to make a thing out of it. It was the only time it happened on the trip. They put me in jail. It was scary. Nobody knew where I was."<ref name="Gefter">Gefter, Philip (December 12, 2008). "[https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/14/arts/design/14geft.html Snapshots from the American Road]."''[[The New York Times]]''. Retrieved July 5, 2015.</ref> Elsewhere in the [[Deep South|South]], he was told by a sheriff that he had "an hour to leave town." Those incidents may have contributed to the dark view of America found in the work.<ref name="looking-in" /> 
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-Shortly after returning to New York in 1957, Frank met [[Beat generation|Beat]] writer [[Jack Kerouac]] on the sidewalk outside a party and showed him the photographs from his travels. Kerouac immediately told Frank, "Sure I can write something about these pictures." He eventually contributed the introduction to the U.S. edition of ''The Americans''. Frank also became lifelong friends with [[Allen Ginsberg]], and was one of the main visual artists to document the Beat subculture, which felt an affinity with Frank's interest in documenting the tensions between the optimism of the 1950s and the realities of class and racial differences. The irony that Frank found in the gloss of American culture and wealth over this tension gave his photographs a clear contrast to those of most contemporary American photojournalists, as did his use of unusual focus, low lighting and cropping that deviated from accepted photographic techniques.<ref name="ndawidoff" /> 
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-This divergence from contemporary photographic standards gave Frank difficulty at first in securing an American publisher. ''Les Américains'' was first published in 1958 by [[Robert Delpire]] in Paris, as part of its ''Encyclopédie Essentielle'' series, with texts by [[Simone de Beauvoir]], [[Erskine Caldwell]], [[William Faulkner]], [[Henry Miller]] and [[John Steinbeck]] that Delpire positioned opposite Frank's photographs.<ref name="ladd-time">{{cite web|url=http://time.com/3788403/robert-delpire/|date=May 9, 2012|access-date=September 14, 2015|first=Jeffrey|last=Ladd|publisher=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|title=Master of the Photobook: Robert Delpire's Long and Legendary Influence}}</ref> It was finally published in 1959 in the United States, without the texts, by [[Grove Press]], where it initially received substantial criticism. ''[[Popular Photography]]'', for one, derided his images as "meaningless blur, grain, muddy exposures, drunken horizons and general sloppiness." Though sales were also poor at first, the fact that the introduction was by the popular Kerouac helped it reach a larger audience. Over time and through its inspiration of later artists, ''The Americans'' became a seminal work in American photography and [[art history]], and is the work with which Frank is most clearly identified. Critic Sean O'Hagan, writing in ''The Guardian'' in 2014, said "it is impossible to imagine photography's recent past and overwhelmingly confusing present without his lingeringly pervasive presence." and that ''The Americans'' "changed the nature of photography, what it could say and how it could say it. [&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;] it remains perhaps the most influential photography book of the 20th century."<ref name="ohagan-guardian" /> 
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-In 1961, Frank received his first individual show, entitled ''Robert Frank: Photographer'', at the [[Art Institute of Chicago]]. He also showed at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] in New York in 1962.<ref name="Robert Frank: Photos" /> 
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-To mark the fiftieth anniversary of the first publication of ''The Americans'', a new edition was released worldwide on May 30, 2008.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Americans – Robert Frank|url=https://steidl.de/Books/The-Americans-2131325657.html|website=Steidl Verlag|access-date=September 11, 2019|language=en}}</ref> For this new edition from [[Steidl]], most photographs are uncropped (in contrast to the cropped versions in previous editions), and two photographs are replaced with those of the same subject but from an alternate perspective.<ref name="artbook">{{cite web|title=Robert Frank The Americans ARTBOOK {{!}} D.A.P. 2008 Catalog Steidl Books Exhibition Catalogues 9783865215840|url=https://www.artbook.com/9783865215840.html|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=A Glimpse at the Robert Frank Publishing Project|url=https://www.photoeye.com/magazine/reviews/2008/05_21_frank_reviews.cfm?|publisher=photoeye.com|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
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-A celebratory exhibit of ''The Americans'', titled ''Looking In: Robert Frank's The Americans'', was displayed in 2009 at the [[National Gallery of Art]] in Washington, D.C., the [[San Francisco Museum of Modern Art]] (SFMOMA), and at the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]] in New York.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.steidlville.com/books/695-The-Americans.html|publisher=Steidl|title=Robert Frank: The Americans}}</ref> The second section of the four-section, 2009, SFMOMA<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfmoma.org/exhibitions/382|date =|access-date=December 27, 2014|publisher=San Francisco Museum of Modern Art|title=Looking In: Robert Frank's "The Americans"}}</ref> exhibition displays Frank's original application to the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation (which funded the primary work on ''The Americans'' project), along with vintage contact sheets, letters to photographer Walker Evans and author Jack Kerouac, and two early manuscript versions of Kerouac's introduction to the book. Also exhibited were three collages (made from more than 115 original rough work prints) that were assembled under Frank's supervision in 2007 and 2008, revealing his intended themes as well as his first rounds of image selection. An accompanying book, also titled ''Looking In: Robert Frank's The Americans'', was published,<ref name="looking-in">Looking In: Robert Frank's The Americans: Expanded Edition, Sarah Greenough (Ed), National Gallery Of Art, Washington/Steidl, 2009, {{ISBN|978-3865218063}}</ref> the most in-depth examination of any photography book ever, at 528 pages. While working as a guard at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, [[Jason Eskenazi]] asked other noted photographers visiting the ''Looking In'' exhibition to choose their favorite image from ''The Americans'' and explain their choice, resulting in the book, ''By the Glow of the Jukebox: The Americans List''.<ref>By the Glow of the Juke Box: The Americans List, Jason Eskenazi (Ed), Red Hook, 2012, {{ISBN|978-0-984195-48-0}}</ref> 
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-== Films == 
-By the time ''The Americans'' was published in the United States, Frank had moved away from photography to concentrate on filmmaking. Among his films was the 1959 ''[[Pull My Daisy]],'' which was written and narrated by Kerouac and starred Ginsberg, [[Gregory Corso]] and others from the Beat circle. The Beats emphasized spontaneity, and the film conveyed the quality of having been thrown together or even improvised.<ref name="ndawidoff" /> ''Pull My Daisy'' was accordingly praised for years as an improvisational masterpiece, until Frank's co-director, [[Alfred Leslie]], revealed in a November 28, 1968 article in the ''[[Village Voice]]'' that the film was actually carefully planned, rehearsed, and directed by him and Frank, who shot the film with professional lighting.<ref name="Allan" /> 
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-In 1960, Frank was staying in [[Pop art|Pop]] artist [[George Segal (artist)|George Segal]]'s basement while filming ''The Sin of Jesus'' with a grant from Walter K. Gutman. [[Isaac Babel]]'s story was transformed to center on a woman working on a chicken farm in [[New Jersey]]. It was originally supposed to be filmed in six weeks in and around [[New Brunswick]], but Frank ended up shooting for six months. 
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-Frank's 1972 documentary of the [[Rolling Stones]], ''[[Cocksucker Blues]]'', is arguably his best known film. The film shows the Stones on tour, engaging in heavy drug use and [[group sex]]. Frank said of the Stones, "It was great to watch them — the excitement. But my job was after the show. What I was photographing was a kind of boredom. It's so difficult being famous. It's a horrendous life. Everyone wants to get something from you."<ref name="ndawidoff" /> [[Mick Jagger]] reportedly told Frank, "It's a fucking good film, Robert, but if it shows in America we'll never be allowed in the country again." The Stones sued to prevent the film's release, and it was disputed whether Frank as the artist or the Stones as those who hired the artist owned the [[copyright]]. A court order restricted the film to being shown no more than five times per year, and only in the presence of Frank.<ref name="rollingstone Cocksucker Blues" /> Frank's photography also appeared on the cover of the Rolling Stones' album ''[[Exile on Main St.]]''.<ref>{{cite web|last=Gerber|first=Brady|title=Robert Frank: The Photographer Behind 'Exile On Main St.'|url=http://www.headphonenation.net/robert-frank-the-photographer-behind-exile-on-main-st/|website=Headphone Nation|access-date=September 11, 2019|date=August 3, 2015}}</ref> 
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-Other films by Frank include ''[[Me and My Brother (film)|Me and My Brother]]'', ''Keep Busy'', and ''[[Candy Mountain]]'' (the last was co-directed with [[Rudy Wurlitzer]]).<ref name="Me and My Brother" /><ref name="Candy Mountain" /> 
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-== Later life and death == 
-Though Frank continued to be interested in film and video, he returned to still images in the 1970s, publishing his second photographic book, ''The Lines of My Hand'', in 1972. This work has been described as a "visual autobiography", and consists largely of personal photographs. However, he largely gave up "straight" photography to instead create narratives out of constructed images and [[collage]]s, incorporating words and multiple frames of images that were directly scratched and distorted on the negatives. None of this later work has achieved an impact comparable to that of ''The Americans.'' As some critics have pointed out, this is perhaps because Frank began playing with constructed images more than a decade after [[Robert Rauschenberg]] introduced his silkscreen composites—in contrast to ''The Americans'', Frank's later images simply were not beyond the pale of accepted technique and practice by that time.<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Frank, the Godfather of Snapshot Photography and a Pioneer of Everyday Realism, Has Died at Age 94|url=https://news.artnet.com/art-world/robert-frank-obituary-1646614|website=artnet News|access-date=September 10, 2019|date=September 10, 2019}}</ref> 
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-Frank and Mary separated in 1969.<ref name="Vogue" /> He remarried, to sculptor [[June Leaf]], and in 1971, moved to the community of [[Mabou, Nova Scotia]] in [[Cape Breton Island]], [[Nova Scotia]] in Canada.<ref name="Vogue">{{cite news|last=Nast|first=Condé|title=Photographer Robert Frank Is Dead at 94|url=https://www.vogue.com/article/photographer-robert-frank-obituary|access-date=September 11, 2019|work=Vogue|language=en}}</ref> In 1974, his daughter, Andrea, was killed in a plane crash in Tikal, [[Guatemala]]. Also around this time, his son, Pablo, was first hospitalized and diagnosed with [[schizophrenia]]. Much of Frank's subsequent work dealt with the impact of the loss of both his daughter and subsequently his son, who died in an [[Allentown, Pennsylvania]] hospital in 1994. In 1995, in memory of his daughter he founded the Andrea Frank Foundation, which provides grants to artists.<ref name="Lynne">{{cite book|last=Warren|first=Lynne|title=Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Photography, 3-Volume Set|date=2005|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-20536-2|url=https://books.google.com/?id=31VsBgAAQBAJ&lpg=PA563&dq=Andrea%20Frank%20Foundation%201995&pg=PA563#v=onepage&q=Andrea%20Frank%20Foundation%201995&f=false|access-date=September 11, 2019|language=en}}</ref> 
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-After his move to Nova Scotia, Canada, Frank divided his time between his home there, in a former fisherman's shack on the coast, and his [[Bleecker Street]] loft in New York. He acquired a reputation for being a recluse (particularly since the death of Andrea), declining most interviews and public appearances. He continued to accept eclectic assignments, however, such as photographing the 1984 [[Democratic National Convention]], and directing [[music video]]s for artists such as [[New Order (band)|New Order]] ("Run"), and [[Patti Smith]] ("[[Summer Cannibals]]"). Frank produced both films and still images, and helped organize several retrospectives of his art. His work has been represented by [[Peter MacGill|Pace/MacGill Gallery]] in New York since 1984.<ref name="roadtripcities2">[https://www.nytimes.com/1984/11/02/arts/art-evoking-the-world-of-some-great-painters.html?pagewanted=all "Art: Evoking the World of Some Great Painters"], ''The New York Times''</ref> In 1994, the National Gallery of Art in [[Washington, D.C.]] presented the most comprehensive retrospective of Frank's work to date, entitled ''Moving Out''.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Pollak|first1=Benjamin|title=Photography from the Inside Out: Robert Frank's Memorial Images|journal=Criticism|date=2017|volume=59|issue=1|pages=27–48|doi=10.13110/criticism.59.1.0027|jstor=10.13110/criticism.59.1.0027}}</ref> 
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-Frank died on September 9, 2019, at his home in Nova Scotia.<ref name=NYTObit>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/10/arts/robert-frank-dead-americans-photography.html|title=Robert Frank Dies; Pivotal Documentary Photographer Was 94|work=[[The New York Times]]|last=Gefter|first=Phillip|date=September 10, 2019|access-date=September 10, 2019}}</ref><ref name="guardian-bakare">{{cite news|first1=Lanre|last1=Bakare|access-date=September 10, 2019|title=Robert Frank, revolutionary American photographer, dies aged 94|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/sep/10/robert-frank-american-photographer-dies-aged-94-the-americans-jack-kerouac-photography|newspaper=The Guardian|date=September 10, 2019|issn=0261-3077|via=www.theguardian.com}}</ref> 
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-== Bibliography == 
-=== Books === 
-*''Les Américains'' {{=}} ''The Americans'' 
-** Paris: Delpire, 1958. French. Includes text in French by Simone de Beauvoir, Erskine Caldwell, William Faulkner, Henry Miller and John Steinbeck about American political and social history, selected by [[Alain Bosquet]]. Part of the Encyclopédie Essentielle series. 
-**New York: Grove Press, 1959. Introduction by Jack Kerouac. 
-**New York: [[Aperture Foundation|Aperture]]; Museum of Modern Art, 1969. Revised and enlarged edition. With an introduction by Jack Kerouac, a brief introduction by Frank, and a survey of Frank's films, each represented by a page of film frame stills. 
-**Göttingen: Steidl, 2008. {{ISBN|978-3-86521-584-0}}. Most photographs are uncropped compared with cropped versions in previous editions, and two photographs are replaced with those of the same subject but from an alternate perspective. 
-*''The Lines of my Hand.'' 
-**Tokyo: Yugensha. Deluxe, slipcased edition. Edition of 1000 copies, 500 featured the slipcase photograph of "New York City, 1948", 500 featured the slipcase photograph of "Platte River, Tennessee". 
-**New York: Lustrum Press, 1972. Paperback. 
-**New York: [[Pantheon Books|Pantheon]]. {{ISBN|9780394552552}}. 
-*''Flower is…'' Yugensha, 1987. Edition of 1000 copies, 500 featured "Champs-Élysées, 1950 [Fleurs]" tipped onto the front cover, 500 featured "Metro Stalingrad" tipped onto the front cover. 
-*''Flamingo.'' Göteborg, Sweden: Hasselblad Center, 1997. {{ISBN|9783931141554}}. Catalogue for Hasselblad Award exhibition, Hasselblad Center, Goteborg, Sweden. 
-*''London/Wales.'' Published in collaboration with the [[Corcoran Gallery of Art|Corcoran Gallery]], Washington, D.C., for an exhibition held May 10 – July 14, 2003. 
-**Zurich; New York: Scalo, 2003. {{ISBN|9783908247678}}. 
-**Göttingen: Steidl, 2007. {{ISBN|978-3865213624}}. 
-*''Come Again.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2006. {{ISBN|9783865212610}}. According to the back cover, "Photos have been taken within the context of the photographical project 'Beirut, city centre, 1991', Éditions de Cyprès, Paris." 
-*''Paris.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2006. {{ISBN|978-3865215246}}. 
-*''Peru.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2006. {{ISBN|978-3865216922}}. 
-*''Zero Mostel Reads a Book.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2006. {{ISBN|978-3865215864}}. 
-*''Tal Uf Tal Ab.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2010. {{ISBN|978-3869301013}}. The first of the "Visual Diaries" combining photos from Frank's early career with the more private pictures he made in the latter part of his life. Other titles in the series are marked with a * 
-*''Pangnirtung.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2011. {{ISBN|978-3869301983}}. 
-*''Pull My Daisy.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2011. {{ISBN|978-3865216731}}. A transcript of Kerouac's narration from the film Pull My Daisy (1959) with film stills and an introduction by Jerry Tallmer. 
-*''Ferne Nähe: Hommage für Robert Walser'' {{=}} ''Distant Closeness: A Tribute to Robert Walser.'' Bern: Robert Walser-Zentrum, 2012. {{ISBN|978-3-9523586-2-7}}. 
-*''You Would.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2012. {{ISBN|978-3869304182}}. * 
-*''Park/Sleep.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2013. {{ISBN|978-3869305851}}. * 
-*''Partida.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2014. {{ISBN|978-3869307954}}. * 
-*''What We Have Seen.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2016. {{ISBN|978-3958290952}}. * 
-*''Leon of Juda.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2017. {{ISBN|978-3958293113}}. * 
-*''Good Days Quiet.'' Göttingen: Steidl, 2019. {{ISBN|978-3-95829-550-6}}. 
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-=== Critical studies, reviews and biography === 
-*''Looking In: Robert Frank's The Americans.'' Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art; Göttingen: Steidl, 2009. {{ISBN|978-3-86521-806-3}}. By Sarah Greenough. With essays by Stuart Alexander, Phillip Brookman, Michel Frizot, Martin Gasser, Jeff L. Rosenheim, [[Luc Sante]] and [[Anne Wilkes Tucker]]. Published to accompany an exhibition organised by the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web|title=Looking In: Robert Frank's The Americans|url=https://www.nga.gov/press/exh/0263.html|website=nga.gov|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-*''By the Glow of the Juke Box: The Americans List''. New York: Red Hook, 2012. {{ISBN|978-0-984195-48-0}} Edited by [[Jason Eskenazi]], with contributions from 276 photographers 
-*{{cite journal|last=Prose|first=Francine|date=January 2010|title=You got eyes: Robert Frank imagines America|journal=[[Harper's]]|volume=320|issue=1916|pages=67–73|url=http://harpers.org/archive/2010/01/you-got-eyes/|<!--access-date=March 6, 2014-->}} Reviews ''The Americans''.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Prose|first=Francine|date=January 2010|title=You got eyes: Robert Frank imagines America|journal=[[Harper's]]|volume=320|issue=1916|pages=67–73|url=http://harpers.org/archive/2010/01/you-got-eyes/|<!--access-date=March 6, 2014-->}}</ref> 
- 
-=== Films === 
-*''[[Don't Blink – Robert Frank]]'' (2015). Documentary directed by Laura Israel.<ref>{{cite news|last=Turan|first=Kenneth|author-link=Kenneth Turan|title='Don't Blink — Robert Frank' profiles one of America's most iconic, idiosyncratic photographers|url=http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-robert-frank-review-20160725-snap-story.html|access-date=October 25, 2016|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=July 28, 2016}}</ref> 
- 
-== Filmography == 
-{| class="wikitable sortable" 
-|+ 
-!scope=col| Year 
-!scope=col| Name 
-!scope=col class=unsortable| Notes 
-|- 
-|1959 
-|''[[Pull My Daisy]]'' 
-|with [[Alfred Leslie]]. Adapted from a [[Jack Kerouac]] play, starring [[Allen Ginsberg]].<ref name="Allan">{{cite journal|last1=Allan|first1=Blaine|title=The Making (and Unmaking) of "Pull My Daisy"|journal=Film History|date=1988|volume=2|issue=3|pages=185–205|issn=0892-2160|jstor=3815117}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1961 
-|''The Sin of Jesus'' 
-|<ref name="film-makerscoop">{{cite web|title=The Sin of Jesus – Robert Frank – The Film-Makers' Cooperative|url=http://film-makerscoop.com/catalogue/robert-frank-sin-of-jesus-the|website=film-makerscoop.com|access-date=September 11, 2019|language=en}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1963 
-|''O.K. End Here'' 
-|<ref name="Library of Congress">{{cite web|title=O.K. END HERE|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/jots.200018166/|website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1965/1968 
-|''[[Me and My Brother (film)|Me And My Brother]]'' 
-|A film about Julius Orlovsky ([[Peter Orlovsky]]'s brother) and his mental illness.<ref name="Me and My Brother">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9D0CE6D8153DE134BC4B53DFB4668382679EDE|title=Movie Review: 'Me and My Brother' Opens|last=|first=|date=1969|website=NYtimes.com|language=en|access-date=January 4, 2018}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1969 
-|''Conversations in Vermont'' 
-|<ref name="ArchiveVermont">{{cite web|last=Coney|first=John|title=Conversations in Vermont|url=https://archive.org/details/cbpf_000051_p2|access-date=September 11, 2019|date=1969}}</ref><ref name="IDFA">{{cite web|title=Conversations in Vermont IDFA|url=https://www.idfa.nl/en/film/cc9ef5fe-806a-4dfb-a330-9a34c8fb213a/conversations-in-vermont|publisher=IDFA|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1969 
-|''Life-Raft Earth'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|title=Life-raft Earth|publisher=The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston|url=https://www.mfah.org/art/detail/9636|website=www.mfah.org|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1971 
-|''About Me: A Musical'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|title=About Me: A Musical|publisher= The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston|url=https://www.mfah.org/art/detail/9637|website=www.mfah.org|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1972 
-|''[[Cocksucker Blues]]'' 
-|controversial film about the [[The Rolling Stones|Rolling Stones']] 1972 tour.<ref name="rollingstone Cocksucker Blues">{{Cite news|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/the-trouble-with-cocksucker-blues-19771103|title=The Trouble With 'Cocksucker Blues'|work=Rolling Stone|access-date=January 4, 2018}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1975 
-|''Keep Busy'' 
-|with [[Rudy Wurlitzer]].<ref name="theguardian">{{cite news|last=Hopkinson|first=Amanda|title=Robert Frank obituary|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2019/sep/10/robert-frank-obituary|access-date=September 11, 2019|work=The Guardian|date=September 10, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Keep Busy|publisher=The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston|url=https://www.mfah.org/art/detail/9818|website=www.mfah.org|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1980 
-|''Life Dances On'' 
-|<ref name="time">{{cite news|title=Robert Frank, Influential Photographer Who Evocatively Chronicled Life in America, Dies at 94|url=https://time.com/5673164/robert-frank-photographer-dies/|access-date=September 11, 2019|work=Time|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Life Dances On|publisher=The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston|url=https://www.mfah.org/art/detail/9638|website=www.mfah.org|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1981 
-|''Energy and How to Get It'' 
-|with [[Rudy Wurlitzer]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.idfa.nl/en/film/975c9764-e6ac-45b1-bdcc-1399c29c02ce/energy-and-how-to-get-it|title=Energy and How to Get It|last=|first1=|date=|website=International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam|publisher=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1983 
-|''This Song For Jack'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|title=THIS SONG FOR JACK|url=https://www.loc.gov/item/jots.200020001/|website=Library of Congress|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1985 
-|''Home Improvements'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Frank. Home Improvements. 1985|url=https://www.moma.org/collection/works/198260|website=The Museum of Modern Art|access-date=September 11, 2019|language=en}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1988 
-|''[[Candy Mountain]]'' 
-|with [[Rudy Wurlitzer]].<ref name="Candy Mountain">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/06/10/movies/review-film-hitting-the-highway.html|title=Movie Review, Hitting the Highway|last=James|first=Caryn|date=June 10, 1988|website=NYTimes.com|language=en|access-date=January 4, 2018}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1989 
-|''Hunter'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Frank. Hunter. 1989|url=https://www.moma.org/collection/works/198262|website=The Museum of Modern Art|access-date=September 11, 2019|language=en}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1990 
-|''C'est vrai! (One Hour)'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Frank. C'est Vrai (One Hour). 1990|url=https://www.moma.org/collection/works/198263|website=The Museum of Modern Art|access-date=September 11, 2019|language=en}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1992 
-|''Last Supper'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Frank. Last Supper. 1992|url=https://www.moma.org/collection/works/198265|website=The Museum of Modern Art|access-date=September 11, 2019|language=en}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|1994 
-|''Moving Pictures'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|title=Portail du film documentaire|url=http://www.film-documentaire.fr/4DACTION/w_fiche_film/23776_1|website=film-documentaire.fr|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Portable Robert Frank|url=https://bordercrossingsmag.com/article/the-portable-robert-frank|website=bordercrossingsmag.com|access-date=September 11, 2019|language=en}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|2002 
-|''Paper Route'' 
-|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.idfa.nl/en/film/bdb2dab8-12a0-4cd1-9eb6-8e1acf7afa2b/paper-route|title=Paper Route|last=|first1=|date=|website=International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam|publisher=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=September 11, 2019}}</ref> 
-|- 
-|2004/2008 
-|''{{ill|True Story (Kurzfilm)|de}}'' 
-|<ref>[http://www.kurzfilmtage.de/festival/rueckblick/2009/preistraeger/ „Hauptpreis, dotiert mit EUR 3.500“]</ref> 
-|} 
- 
-== Exhibitions == 
-=== Solo exhibitions (selected) === 
-* 1961: ''Robert Frank: The Americans'', [[Art Institute of Chicago]], Chicago, IL<ref name="Robert Frank: Photos">[http://www.artic.edu/exhibition/robert-frank-photos-books-films ''Robert Frank: Photos''], Art Institute of Chicago; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 1976: ''Robert Frank'', [[Kunsthaus Zürich]], Zürich<ref>[http://www.kunsthaus.ch/de/ausstellungen/rueckblick/1970-1979/1976/ ''Ausstellungen 1976'' (Exhibitions 1976)], Kunsthaus Zurich; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 1979: ''Robert Frank: Photographer/Filmmaker, Works 1945–1979'', Long Beach Museum of Art. 
-* 1985: ''Robert Frank: New York to Nova Scotia'', [[Museum of Fine Arts, Houston]]. 
-* 1989: ''The Americans'', [[Jan Kesner Gallery]], Los Angeles<ref>[http://www.jankesnergallery.com/jkgexhibitions/1989-frank-the-americans.html ''Robert Frank. The Americans''], Jan Kesner Gallery; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 1997: ''Flamingo,'' Hasselblad Award exhibition, Hasselblad Center, Goteborg, Sweden<ref>See [[:de:Hasselblad Foundation Award]].</ref> 
-* 2004: ''Storylines'', Tate Modern Museum, London<ref>[http://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-modern/exhibition/robert-frank-storylines ''Robert Frank: Storylines''], Tate London; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2005: ''Storylines'', [[Fotomuseum Winterthur]], Winterthur<ref>[https://www.fotomuseum.ch/en/explore/exhibitions/21776_robert_frank_storylines ''Robert Frank. Storylines''], Fotomuseum Winterthur; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2008: ''Robert Frank. Paris'', [[Museum Folkwang]], Essen<ref>[http://www.ruhr-guide.de/kultur/kunst-im-ruhrgebiet/robert-frank-im-museum-folkwang-essen/14483,0,0.html ''Robert Frank im Museum Folkwang Essen''], Ruhr-Guide. Onlinemagazine für das Ruhrgebiet, published on April 22, 2008; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2009: ''Looking In: The Americans'', [[National Gallery of Art]], Washington D.C.<ref>[https://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/exhibitions/2009/frank.html ''Looking In: Robert Frank's The Americans''], National Gallery of Art; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2009: ''Robert Frank. Die Filme'', [[C/O Berlin]], Berlin<ref>[http://www.co-berlin.org/robert-frank-die-filme ''Robert Frank. Die Filme. Retrospektive''], C/O Berlin Foundation; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2010: ''The Unseen Eye: Photography from the collection of W.M. Hunt'' (group exhibition), [[Appleton Museum of Art]], Ocala<ref>[http://www.appletonmuseum.org/exhibits/archives/2010/110710.html ''Exhibitions Archive''], Appleton Museum of Art; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2012: ''Robert Frank. From the collection of Fotomuseum Winterthur'', [[Multimedia Art Museum, Moscow|Multimedia Art Museum]], Moscow<ref>[http://mamm-mdf.ru/en/exhibitions/robert-frank/ ''Robert Frank. From the collection of Fotomuseum Winterthur''], Multimedia Art Museum Moscow; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2014: ''Robert Frank In America'', [[Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts|Cantor Art Center]] at [[Stanford University]], Stanford<ref>[https://museum.stanford.edu/news_room/frank.html ''Groundbreaking exhibition of photographs by Robert Frank sheds new light on his legendary work, The Americans''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618044808/http://museum.stanford.edu/news_room/frank.html|date=June 18, 2017}}, [[Iris & B. Gerald Cantor Center for Visual Arts]]; retrieved June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2014: ''Robert Frank. Books and Films. 1947–2014'', [[Akademie der Bildenden Künste München]];<ref>Sabine Buchwald: ''Die anarchische Kraft des Fotografen. In der Akademie der Bildenden Künste sind Robert Franks Bilder als gigantische Wandzeitung zu sehen. Der Katalog dazu ist eine besondere SZ'', in: [[Süddeutsche Zeitung]], Nr. 270, 24. November 2014, Seite R4.</ref> anschließend 2015 [[Museum Folkwang]], Essen<ref>''Der Mann,der die Amerikaner sah'', in: [[Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung]] vom 9. April 2015, S. 38.</ref> 
-* 2016: ''Robert Frank: Books and Films, 1947–2016'', [[Halle 14|HALLE 14 – Zentrum für zeitgenössische Kunst, Leipzig]]<ref>{{cite web|title=360°-Panorama der Ausstellung|trans-title=|periodical=|url=http://graphtwerk.de/360-grad-panorama-halle-14-robert-frank-exhibition|format=|access-date=March 21, 2016|last=|date=|year=|month=|day=|language=German|pages=|quote=}}</ref> 
-* 2016: ''Robert Frank: Books and Films. 1947–2016'', [[Museum der Moderne Salzburg|Museum der Moderne]], Salzburg<ref>[http://www.museumdermoderne.at/de/ausstellungen/aktuell/details/mdm/robert-frank/ ''Robert Frank: Books and Films, 1947–2016''], Museum der Moderne Salzburg; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2016: ''Robert Frank: Books and Films. 1947–2016'', [[Kunsthalle Ziegelhütte]], Appenzell<ref>[http://www.h-gebertka.ch/kunst/aktuelle-ausstellungen/detail/calendar/2016/05/15/event/tx_cal_phpicalendar/fotografie_film/ ''Robert Frank''] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030222940/http://www.h-gebertka.ch/kunst/aktuelle-ausstellungen/detail/calendar/2016/05/15/event/tx_cal_phpicalendar/fotografie_film/|date=October 30, 2016}}, Heinrich Gebert Kulturstiftung Appenzell; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2017: ''Robert Frank: Photos'', Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL<ref name="Robert Frank: Photos" /> 
- 
-=== Group exhibitions (selected) === 
-* 1955: The Family of Man, Museum of Modern Art, New York, January 24 – May 8 (Frank represented with 5 works)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/documents/moma_master-checklist_325962.pdf|title=Museum of Modern Art. 'The Family of Man' Master Checklist.|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/documents/moma_press-release_325966.pdf|title=The Family of Man, Museum of Modern Art press release|last=|first=|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|url-status=|access-date=}}</ref> 
-* 1962: Photographs by [[Harry Callahan (photographer)|Harry Callahan]] and Robert Frank, [[Museum of Modern Art]], New York, January 30 – April 1<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/documents/moma_press-release_326264.pdf|title=Photographs by Callahan and Frank at Museum of Modern Art|last=|first=|date=January 30, 1962|website=Museum of Modern Art|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=September 12, 2019}}</ref> 
-* 2004: ''Cruel and Tender. Fotografie und das Wirkliche'', [[Museum Ludwig]], Köln<ref>[http://www.kunst-und-kultur.de/index.php?Action=showMuseumExhibition&aId=2077 ''Cruel and Tender. Fotografie und das Wirkliche'' (Cruel and Tender. Photography and the true)], Kunst und Kultur; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2004: ''Cold Play. Set 1 aus der Sammlung des Fotomuseums Winterthur'', [[Fotomuseum Winterthur]], Winterthur<ref>[https://www.fotomuseum.ch/de/explore/exhibitions/21589_cold_play_set_1_from_the_collection_of_the_fotomuseum_winterthur ''Cold Play – Set 1 aus der Sammlung des Fotomuseums Winterthur'' (Cold Play – Set 1 from the collection of the Fotomuseums Winterthur)], Fotomuseum Winterthur; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2005: ''I Wanna Be Loved By You'', [[Brooklyn Museum of Art]], Brooklyn<ref>[https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/exhibitions/marilyn_monroe ''I Wanna Be Loved By You: Photographs of Marilyn Monroe from the Leon and Michaela Constantiner Collection''], Brooklyn Museum of Art; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2006: ''American Beauty'', [[National Gallery of Victoria]], Melbourne<ref>[https://www.ngv.vic.gov.au/exhibition/american-beauty/ ''American Beauty. Photographs of the American Social Landscape 1930s–1970s''], National Gallery of Victoria; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2006: ''Some tribes'', [[Christophe Guye Galerie]], Zurich<ref>[https://christopheguye.com/exhibitions/some-tribes/introduction ''Some Tribes''], Christophe Guye Galerie; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2008: ''Street Art, Street Life: From the 1950s to Now'', [[Bronx Museum of the Arts]], New York<ref>[http://www.bronxmuseum.org/exhibitions/street-art-street-life ''Street Art, Street Life: From 1950s to Now''], Bronx Museum of the Arts; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2010: ''Staff Picks 2010'', [[Howard Greenberg Gallery]], New York<ref>[http://www.howardgreenberg.com/exhibitions/staff-picks-2010 ''Staff Picks 2010''], Howard Greenberg Gallery; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
-* 2010: ''Humanos. Acciones, Historia Y Fotografía'', [[Centro de Arte Alcobendas]] (CAA), Madrid<ref>[http://www.centrodeartealcobendas.org/humanos-acciones-historia-fotografia ''Humanos. Acciones, Historia y Fotografía''], Centro de Arte Alcobendas; retrieved: June 24, 2017.</ref> 
- 
-== Awards == 
-*1955: Guggenheim Fellowship from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation.<ref name="guggenheim-fellowship" /> 
-*1996: [[Hasselblad Award|Hasselblad Foundation International Award in Photography]] from the [[Hasselblad Foundation]].<ref name="hasselblad-award">{{cite web|url=http://www.hasselbladfoundation.org/robert-frank/en/|access-date=December 26, 2014|publisher=Hasselblad Foundation|title=Robert Frank}}</ref> 
-*2002: [[Edward MacDowell Medal]], [[MacDowell Colony]], Peterborough, NH.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.macdowellcolony.org/events-MedalDay-History.html|access-date=November 20, 2015|publisher=MacDowell Colony|title=Medal Day History|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120806122325/http://www.macdowellcolony.org/events-MedalDay-History.html|archive-date=August 6, 2012|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/theatre/theatre-news/8447621/MacDowell-Medal-winners-1960-2011.html|date=April 13, 2011|access-date=November 20, 2015|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London|title=MacDowell Medal winners 1960–2011}}</ref> 
-*2015: Doctor of Fine Arts, honoris causa, [[NSCAD University|Nova Scotia College of Art and Design University]], Halifax, Canada.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://steidl.de/News/Doctor-of-Fine-Arts-Honoris-Causa-of-NSCAD-University-1232344756.html|title=Doctor of Fine Arts Honoris Causa of NSCAD University|website=Steidl Verlag|language=en|access-date=October 14, 2017}}</ref> 
- 
-== References == 
-{{Reflist}} 
- 
-== Sources == 
-* Philip Gefter, ''Snapshots From The American Road'', ''The New York Times'', December 14, 2008. 
- 
-== Further reading == 
-*Alexander, Stuart. – ''Robert Frank: A Bibliography, Filmography, and Exhibition Chronology, 1946–1985'' (Center for Creative Photography, 1986). OCLC 16798695 
-*Gefter, Philip. – ''Photography After Frank'' (Aperture, 2009). {{ISBN|978-1-59711-095-2}} 
-*Green, Jonathan. – ''American Photography: A Critical History 1945 to the Present'' (Abrams, 1984). Chapter 5, "The Americans: Politics and Alienation." {{ISBN|0-8109-1814-5}} 
-*Janis, Eugenia Parry and Wendy MacNeil, eds. – [https://archive.org/details/photographywithi00well ''Photography Within the Humanities''] (Addison House, 1977). "Robert Frank" (transcript of a talk and interview conducted at [[Wellesley College]] on April 14, 1975), pp.&nbsp;52–65. {{ISBN|0-89169-013-1}} 
-*Leo, Vince. – "Robert Frank: From Compromise to Collaboration." Parkett, 1994, Issue 42, pp.&nbsp;8–23. 
-*Papageorge, Tod. – [https://web.archive.org/web/20081209104926/http://ericetheridge.com/Papageorge_on_Evans_and_Frank.pdf "Walker Evans and Robert Frank: An Essay on Influence"] (Yale University Art Gallery, 1981). {{ISBN|0-89467-015-8}} 
-*Penman, Ian. – ''Robert Frank: Storylines'' (Steidl, 2004). {{ISBN|3-86521-041-4}} 
-*Sandeen, Eric. – ''Picturing An Exhibition'' (University of New Mexico Press, 1995). Chapter 5, "Edward Steichen, Robert Frank, and American Modernism." {{ISBN|0-8263-1558-5}} 
-*Tucker, Anne and Philip Brookman, eds. – ''Robert Frank: New York to Nova Scotia'' (Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 1986). {{ISBN|0-8212-1623-6}} 
- 
-;Bibliographies 
-*[http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/avantbib.html#frank Frank Bibliography] (via UC Berkeley) 
- 
-== External links == 
-{{Wikiquote}} 
-*VR tour of [https://www.galleriesnow.net/shows/robert-frank/#vr-on "Robert Frank"] at Hamiltons Gallery, London 
-*{{IMDb name|id=0291071|name=Robert Frank}} 
-*[http://www.transmopolis.com/2009/09/robert-franks-masterpiece-the-americans-at-50 Robert Frank's Masterpiece: "The Americans" at 50] 
-*[https://www.nga.gov/press/exh/0263.html Looking In: Robert Frank's "The Americans"], National Gallery of Art, 2008 
-*[http://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/audio-video/audio/elson-frank.html Elson Lecture 2009: Robert Frank], National Gallery of Art 
-*[http://www.nga.gov/content/ngaweb/features/robert-frank.html Robert Frank Collection Guide], National Gallery of Art, 2014 (with "more than 430 images") 
-* {{National Public Radio|100673221}} 
-* 
- 
-== Filmography == 
-* 1959: ''[[Pull My Daisy]]'' (with [[Alfred Leslie]]) 
-* 1961: ''The Sin of Jesus'' 
-* 1963: ''O.K. End Here'' 
-* 1965/1968: ''Me And My Brother'' 
-* 1969: ''Conversations in Vermont'' 
-* 1969: ''Life-Raft Earth'' 
-* 1971: ''About Me: A Musical'' 
-* 1972: ''Cocksucker Blues'' 
-* 1975: ''Keep Busy'' (with [[Rudy Wurlitzer]]) 
-* 1980: ''Life Dances On'' 
-* 1981: ''Energy and How to Get It'' (with Rudy Wurlitzer) 
-* 1983: ''This Song For Jack'' 
-* 1985: ''Home Improvements'' 
-* 1987: ''Candy Mountain'' (with Rudy Wurlitzer) 
-* 1989: ''Hunter'' 
-* 1990: ''C’est vrai! (One Hour)'' 
-* 1992: ''Last Supper'' 
-* 1994: ''Moving Pictures'' 
-* 2002: ''Paper Route'' 
-* 2004/2008: ''[[True Story (Kurzfilm)|True Story]]'' 
 +'''Peter MacGill''' is an American [[gallerist]], [[curator]], and art historian. MacGill is President of the Pace/MacGill Gallery,{{r|edu}} which opened in 1983 on East 57th Street in [[New York City]].
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Peter MacGill is an American gallerist, curator, and art historian. MacGill is President of the Pace/MacGill Gallery,Template:R which opened in 1983 on East 57th Street in New York City.

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