Paul Éluard
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| Surrealist poet Paul Eluard once said, "Il y a un autre monde mais il est dans celui-ci." This translates as "There is another world, but it is in this one." | Surrealist poet Paul Eluard once said, "Il y a un autre monde mais il est dans celui-ci." This translates as "There is another world, but it is in this one." | ||
| == Biography == | == Biography == | ||
| - | At age 16, after a happy childhood, Éluard contracted [[tuberculosis]] and interrupted his studies. He met [[Gala Dalí|Gala]], born Elena Ivanovna Diakonova, whom he married in [[1917]], in the [[Swiss]] sanatorium of [[Davos]]. Together they had a daughter named Cécile. | + | He was born in [[Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis|Saint-Denis]], just outside of [[Paris, France|Paris]]. At age 16, after a happy childhood, Éluard contracted [[tuberculosis]] and interrupted his studies. He met [[Gala Dalí|Gala]], born Elena Ivanovna Diakonova, whom he married in [[1917]], in the [[Swiss]] sanatorium of [[Davos]]. Together they had a daughter named Cécile. |
| Around this time Éluard wrote his first poems. He was particularly inspired by [[Walt Whitman]]. In [[1918]], [[Jean Paulhan]] “discovered” him and introduced him to [[André Breton]] and [[Louis Aragon]]. This was his introduction to the Surrealist movement. | Around this time Éluard wrote his first poems. He was particularly inspired by [[Walt Whitman]]. In [[1918]], [[Jean Paulhan]] “discovered” him and introduced him to [[André Breton]] and [[Louis Aragon]]. This was his introduction to the Surrealist movement. | ||
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| After a marital crisis, he travelled, returning to France in [[1924]]. His poems of this time reflect his difficulties during the period, in which he had another bout of tuberculosis and separated from Gala when she left him for [[Salvador Dalí]]. | After a marital crisis, he travelled, returning to France in [[1924]]. His poems of this time reflect his difficulties during the period, in which he had another bout of tuberculosis and separated from Gala when she left him for [[Salvador Dalí]]. | ||
| - | In [[1934]], he married [[Nusch Éluard|Nusch]] (Maria Benz), a model of friends [[Man Ray]] and [[Pablo Picasso]], who was considered somewhat of a mascot of the surrealist movement. During [[World War II]], he was involved in the [[French Resistance]]. He battled also with his poems, such as his [[1942]] poem ''Liberty''. His work was quite militant, yet simple. | + | In [[1934]], he married [[Nusch Éluard|Nusch]] (Maria Benz), a model of friends [[Man Ray]] and [[Pablo Picasso]], who was considered somewhat of a mascot of the surrealist movement. During [[World War II]], he was involved in the [[French Resistance]]. He battled also with his poems, such as his [[1942]] poem ''Liberty'' and ''Les sept poèmes d'amour en guerre'' (1944). His work was quite militant, yet simple. |
| - | [[Milan Kundera]] has recalled he was shocked when he heard of Paul Eluard's public approval of the hanging of Kundera's friend, the Prague writer [[Zavis Kalandra]] in [[1950]]. [http://www.weeklystandard.com/Utilities/printer_preview.asp?idArticle=4328] | + | He joined the [[French Communist Party]] in 1942,[http://www.litweb.net/biography/252/Paul_Eluard.html] which led to his break from the Surrealists, and he later eulogised [[Stalin]] in his political writings. [[Milan Kundera]] has recalled he was shocked when he heard of Paul Eluard's public approval of the hanging of Kundera's friend, the Prague writer [[Zavis Kalandra]] in [[1950]]. [http://www.weeklystandard.com/Utilities/printer_preview.asp?idArticle=4328]{{GFDL}} |
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| - | After the premature death of Nusch, he met his last love, Dominique, and dedicated his work ''The Phoenix'' to her. | + | |
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| - | Paul Éluard died from a heart attack in November [[1952]]. He is buried in [[Père Lachaise]] Cemetery. | + | |
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| - | The poems in ''The Capital of Pain (La Capitale de la Douleur)'' inspired the 1965 [[Jean-Luc Godard]] film ''[[Alphaville, une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution]]''. {{GFDL}} | + | |
Revision as of 09:08, 18 November 2007
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Paul Éluard (December 14, 1895 – November 18, 1952) was a French poet who was active in the surrealist movement. The poems in The Capital of Pain (La Capitale de la Douleur) inspired the 1965 Jean-Luc Godard film Alphaville, une étrange aventure de Lemmy Caution.
- "There is another world, but it is in this one."
- That Paul Éluard discovered Peter Ibbetson (a 1935 Hollywood film that Breton considered comparable only to Luis Buñuel's L'Age d'or in its depiction of L'Amour fou) by impulsively trailing an attractive woman into a movie theater was seen as ultimate proof." --Midnight Movies (1983). page 36.
Another world
Surrealist poet Paul Eluard once said, "Il y a un autre monde mais il est dans celui-ci." This translates as "There is another world, but it is in this one."
Biography
He was born in Saint-Denis, just outside of Paris. At age 16, after a happy childhood, Éluard contracted tuberculosis and interrupted his studies. He met Gala, born Elena Ivanovna Diakonova, whom he married in 1917, in the Swiss sanatorium of Davos. Together they had a daughter named Cécile.
Around this time Éluard wrote his first poems. He was particularly inspired by Walt Whitman. In 1918, Jean Paulhan “discovered” him and introduced him to André Breton and Louis Aragon. This was his introduction to the Surrealist movement.
After a marital crisis, he travelled, returning to France in 1924. His poems of this time reflect his difficulties during the period, in which he had another bout of tuberculosis and separated from Gala when she left him for Salvador Dalí.
In 1934, he married Nusch (Maria Benz), a model of friends Man Ray and Pablo Picasso, who was considered somewhat of a mascot of the surrealist movement. During World War II, he was involved in the French Resistance. He battled also with his poems, such as his 1942 poem Liberty and Les sept poèmes d'amour en guerre (1944). His work was quite militant, yet simple.
He joined the French Communist Party in 1942,[1] which led to his break from the Surrealists, and he later eulogised Stalin in his political writings. Milan Kundera has recalled he was shocked when he heard of Paul Eluard's public approval of the hanging of Kundera's friend, the Prague writer Zavis Kalandra in 1950. [2]
