Oral Torah  

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-Academic study of '''Jewish mysticism''', especially since [[Gershom Scholem]]'s ''Major Trends in Jewish Mysticism'' (1941), distinguishes between different forms of [[mysticism]] across different eras of [[Jewish history]]. Of these, [[Kabbalah]], which emerged in 12th-century Europe, is the most well known, but not the only typologic form, or the earliest to emerge. Among previous forms were [[Merkabah mysticism]] (c.0 - 1000 CE), and [[Chassidei Ashkenaz]] (early 1200s CE) around the time of Kabbalistic emergence.+The '''Oral Torah''' comprises the legal and interpretative traditions that, according to tradition, were transmitted [[Speech|orally]] from Mount Sinai, and were not written in the [[Torah]]. According to [[Rabbinic Judaism]], the '''oral Torah''', '''oral Law''', or '''oral tradition''' ({{Hebrew Name 1|תורה שבעל פה|Torah she-be-`al peh}}) was given by God orally to Moses in conjunction with the written [[Torah]] ({{Hebrew Name 1|תורה שבכתב|Torah she-bi-khtav|nobold}}), after which it was passed down orally through the ages.
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-Kabbalah means "received tradition", a term previously used in other Judaic contexts, but which the Medieval Kabbalists adopted for their own doctrine to express the belief that they were not innovating, but merely revealing the ancient hidden esoteric tradition of the [[Torah]]. This issue is crystallised until today by alternative views on the origin of the [[Zohar]], the main text of Kabbalah. Traditional Kabbalists regard it as originating in [[Tannaim|Tannaic]] times, redacting the [[Oral Torah]], so do not make a sharp distinction between Kabbalah and early Rabbinic Jewish mysticism. Academic scholars regard it as a synthesis from Medieval times, but assimilating and incorporating into itself earlier forms of Jewish mystical tradition, as well as other philosophical elements.+
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-The theosophical aspect of Kabbalah itself developed through two historical forms: "[[Kabbalah|Medieval/Classic/Zoharic Kabbalah]]" (c.1175 - [[Expulsion from Spain|1492]] - [[Cordoverian Kabbalah|1570]]), and [[Lurianic Kabbalah]] (1569 CE - today) which assimilated Medieval Kabbalah into its wider system and became the basis for modern Jewish Kabbalah. After Luria, two new mystical forms popularised Kabbalah in Judaism: [[Antinomianism|antinomian]]-[[Heresy|heretical]] [[Sabbateans|Sabbatean movements]] (1666 - 1700s CE), and [[Hasidic Judaism]] (1734 CE - today). In contemporary Judaism, the only main forms of Jewish mysticism followed are esoteric Lurianic Kabbalah and its later commentaries, the variety of schools in Hasidic Judaism, and [[Neo-Hasidism]] (incorporating Neo-Kabbalah) in non-Orthodox [[Jewish denominations]].+
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-Two non-Jewish [[syncretic]] traditions also popularised Judaic Kabbalah through its incorporation as part of general [[Western esotericism|Western esoteric]] culture from the [[Renaissance]] onwards: theological [[Christian Cabala]] (c.1400s - 1700s) which adapted Judaic Kabbalistic doctrine to Christian belief, and its diverging occultist offshoot [[Hermetic Qabalah]] (c.1400s - today) which became a main element in esoteric and magical societies and teachings. As separate traditions of development outside Judaism, drawing from, syncretically adapting, and different in nature and aims from Judaic mysticism, they are not listed on this page.+
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-== See also ==+
-* [[Jewish mystical exegesis]]+
-* [[Kabbalah: Primary texts]]+
-* [[List of Jewish Kabbalists]]+
-* [[List of Jewish mysticism scholars]]+
 +==See also==
 +*[[Oral history]]
 +*[[Oral Law]]
 +*[[Oral tradition]]
 +*[[Traditional knowledge]]
 +*[[Uncodified constitution]]
 +*[[Karaite Judaism]]
 +*[[Rabbinic Judaism]]
 +*[[Rabbinic literature]]
 +*[[Aggadah]]
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The Oral Torah comprises the legal and interpretative traditions that, according to tradition, were transmitted orally from Mount Sinai, and were not written in the Torah. According to Rabbinic Judaism, the oral Torah, oral Law, or oral tradition (Template:Hebrew Name 1) was given by God orally to Moses in conjunction with the written Torah (Template:Hebrew Name 1), after which it was passed down orally through the ages.

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