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{{Template}} {{Template}}
==Culture== ==Culture==
-{{Life in the Netherlands}} 
-{{main|Culture of the Netherlands}} 
-:''See also:'' [[List of museums#Netherlands|List of museums in the Netherlands]], [[Sport in the Netherlands]], [[Music of the Netherlands]], [[List of Dutch people]], [[Public holidays in the Netherlands]] 
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-[[Image:Holbein-erasmus.jpg|thumb|left|150px|[[Erasmus]] (1466–1536)]] 
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The Netherlands have had many well-known painters. The [[17th century]], when the Dutch republic was prosperous, was the age of the "Dutch Masters", such as [[Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn|Rembrandt van Rijn]], [[Johannes Vermeer]], [[Jan Steen]] and many others. Famous Dutch [[painters]] of the [[19th century|19th]] and [[20th century]] were [[Vincent van Gogh]] and [[Piet Mondrian|Piet Mondriaan]]. [[M.C. Escher]] is a well-known graphics artist. [[Willem de Kooning]] was born and trained in [[Rotterdam]], although he is considered to have reached acclaim as an American artist. [[Han van Meegeren]] was an infamous Dutch [[art forgery|art forger]]. The Netherlands have had many well-known painters. The [[17th century]], when the Dutch republic was prosperous, was the age of the "Dutch Masters", such as [[Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn|Rembrandt van Rijn]], [[Johannes Vermeer]], [[Jan Steen]] and many others. Famous Dutch [[painters]] of the [[19th century|19th]] and [[20th century]] were [[Vincent van Gogh]] and [[Piet Mondrian|Piet Mondriaan]]. [[M.C. Escher]] is a well-known graphics artist. [[Willem de Kooning]] was born and trained in [[Rotterdam]], although he is considered to have reached acclaim as an American artist. [[Han van Meegeren]] was an infamous Dutch [[art forgery|art forger]].

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The Netherlands have had many well-known painters. The 17th century, when the Dutch republic was prosperous, was the age of the "Dutch Masters", such as Rembrandt van Rijn, Johannes Vermeer, Jan Steen and many others. Famous Dutch painters of the 19th and 20th century were Vincent van Gogh and Piet Mondriaan. M.C. Escher is a well-known graphics artist. Willem de Kooning was born and trained in Rotterdam, although he is considered to have reached acclaim as an American artist. Han van Meegeren was an infamous Dutch art forger.

The Netherlands is the country of philosophers Erasmus of Rotterdam and Spinoza, and all of Descartes' major work was done there. The Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens (16291695) discovered Saturn's moon Titan and invented the pendulum clock.

In the Dutch Golden Age, literature flourished as well, with Joost van den Vondel and P.C. Hooft as the two most famous writers. In the 19th century, Multatuli wrote about the bad treatment of the natives in Dutch colonies. Important 20th century authors include Harry Mulisch, Jan Wolkers, Simon Vestdijk, Cees Nooteboom, Gerard (van het) Reve and Willem Frederik Hermans. Anne Frank's Diary of a Young Girl was published after she died in the Holocaust and translated from Dutch to all major languages.

Replicas of Dutch buildings can be found in Huis ten Bosch, Nagasaki, Japan. A similar Holland Village is being built in Shenyang, China.

Windmills, tulips, wooden shoes, and Delftware pottery are among the items associated with the Netherlands. [1] [Apr 2007]

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