Music of Brazil
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | "In France, [[Brazilian urban music]] was presented by [[Darius Milhaud]] (1892–1974), who used elements of [[Brazilian music]] in his compositions, with which he had contact while accompanying the diplomat [[Paul Claudel]] (1868–1955) to [[Rio de Janeiro]] in 1917–1918. Milhaud arrived on the eve of the [[Rio Carnival]] of 1917, the exact year of release of the carnival samba “[[Pelo Telefone]],” which is canonized in the ..."--''[[Made in Brazil: Studies in Popular Music]]'' (2014) by Martha Tupinamba de Ulhoa, Cláudia Azevedo, Felipe Trotta | ||
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| + | "In [[Brazil]], a new style of music called [[bossa nova]] evolved in the late 1950s. Based on the Brazilian [[samba]] as well as jazz, bossa nova was championed by [[João Gilberto]], [[Antonio Carlos Jobim]] and [[Luiz Bonfá]]. Gilberto and [[Stan Getz]] started a bossa nova craze in the United States with their 1963 album ''[[Getz/Gilberto]]''. Among the genre's songs that are now considered standards are Bonfá's "[[Manhã de Carnaval]]" (1959), [[Marcos Valle]]'s "[[Summer Samba]]" (1966), and numerous Jobim's songs, including "[[Desafinado]]" (1959), "[[The Girl from Ipanema]]" (1962) and "[[Corcovado (song)|Corcovado]]" (1962). Later, composers such as [[Edu Lobo]] and [[Egberto Gismonti]] contributed a great deal to the Brazilian jazz repertoire, with tunes that include "Casa Forte", "[[Frevo]] Rasgado" and "Loro"." --Sholem Stein | ||
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| - | :''[[Música Popular Brasileira]]'' | ||
| - | Strong influences on the '''[[music]] of [[Brazil]]''' come from many parts of the world, but there are very popular regional [[music]] styles influenced by [[Africa]]n and [[Europe]]an forms. After 500 years of history the Brazilian music developed some unique and original styles like [[choro]], [[música sertaneja|sertanejo]], [[brega]], [[forró]], [[frevo]], [[samba]], [[Bossa nova]], [[MPB]], [[Brazilian rock]], [[axé]] and others. Samba is no doubt the best known form of Brazilian music worldwide, though Bossa nova and other genres have also received much attention abroad. Brazil also has a growing community of modern/experimental composition, including [[electroacoustic music]]. All genres of Brazilian music formed a solid tradition. | ||
| - | === Funk Carioca and rap === | ||
| - | [[Funk Carioca]] is a type of dance music from Rio de Janeiro, derived from and superficially similar to [[Miami Bass]]. In Rio it is most often simply known as Funk, although it is very different musically from what [[Funk]] means in most other places and contexts. It's usually seen as party music and high and medium class people are usually reluctant to admit they listen to it, since music from this genre usually contains sexually explicit lyrics and is attributed to poor people derived from the [[favelas|Favela]]. Funk Carioca, like other types of hip-hop lifts heavily from samples such as international rips or from previous funk music. Many popular funk songs sampled music from the movie [[Rocky]]. | + | The '''music of [[Brazil]]''' encompasses various regional [[music]] styles influenced by [[Africa]]n, [[Europe]]an and [[Indigenous peoples in Brazil|Amerindian]] forms. After 500 years of history, Brazilian music developed some unique and original styles such as [[samba]], [[bossa nova]], [[Música Popular Brasileira|MPB]] and [[Rapping|rap]]. Samba has become the best known form of Brazilian music worldwide, especially because of the country's [[brazilian carnival|carnival]], although bossa nova, which had [[Antônio Carlos Jobim]] as one of its most acclaimed composers and performers, have received much attention abroad since the 1950s, when the song "[[Desafinado]]", interpreted by [[João Gilberto]], was first released. Instrumental music is also largely practiced in Brazil, with styles ranging from [[Classical music|classical]] to [[Popular music|popular]] and [[jazz]] influenced forms, featuring composers like [[Heitor Villa-Lobos]], [[Pixinguinha]] and [[Hermeto Pascoal]]. The country also has a growing community of modern/experimental composition, including [[electroacoustic music]]. |
| - | Funk as well as rap was introduced to Brazil in a systematic way in the 1980s. These types of music were heavily supported in big cities by people—usually teenagers—of lower socioeconomic status. Many funk artists have openly associated themselves with black movements and often in the lyrics of their songs, comment on race relations and openly express black pride. | + | == Funk Carioca and rap == |
| - | + | :''[[Funk Carioca]]'' | |
| - | In [[São Paulo]] and other places in the south of Brazil, in more urban areas, rap is more prevalent than funk. The lower class, mostly nonwhite rappers are referred to as "Rapeiros". They dress similarly to American rappers that they have seen on television. Early Brazilian rap was based upon rhyming speeches delivered over dance bases sampled from funk albums, with occasional scratches. São Paulo has gained a strong, underground Brazilian rap scene since it's emergence in the late 1980s with many independent labels forming for young rappers to establish themselves on. | + | '''Funk Carioca''', '''favela funk''' and, elsewhere in the world, '''baile funk''', is a type of dance music from [[Rio de Janeiro]], derived from [[Miami bass]]. In Rio de Janeiro it is most often simply known as '''funk''', although it is very different musically from what [[funk]] means in most other places. "Baile funk", in Rio, refers not to the music, but to the actual parties in which the music is played. [[MIA]] released the [[funk carioca]]-inspired co-composition "[[Bucky Done Gun]]" in July [[2005]]. |
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| - | In the 1990s in [[Rio de Janeiro]], funk as well as rap were reported by the press to have been adopted by the drug lords of the city as a way to market their drugs at dance hall events. Some crime groups were known to subsidize funk parties to recruit young kids into the drug dealing business. These events were often called baile funk (which can mean a funk dance party) and were sometimes notorious for their blatant sexuality and violence. However, while some funk and rap music was used to send messages out about slums and drugs, others were used mostly to deliver socio-political messages about local, regional, or national issues they are affected by. In fact, some groups adhered to what they called rap consciência (socially conscious rap) and opposed hip-hop which some considered too alienated and consumerist. Despite these differences, both types of music continue to thrive in Brazil today. | + | |
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| - | The intrusion of alien elements in Brazil’s cultural system is not destructive process. The return of a democratic government allowed for freedom of expression. The Brazilian music industry opened up to international styles and this has allowed for both foreign and local genres to co-exist and identify people. Each different style relates to the people socially, politically, and economically. | + | |
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
| + | *[[List of Brazilian musicians]] | ||
| *[[Black Rio: Brazil Soul Power 1971-1980]] | *[[Black Rio: Brazil Soul Power 1971-1980]] | ||
| + | *[[Brazilian Beats]] | ||
| + | *[[Jorge Ben]] | ||
| + | *[[Joyce Moreno (musician)|Joyce]] | ||
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| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | :''[[Música Popular Brasileira]]'' | ||
| + | *[[Mangue Beat]] | ||
| + | *[[Lundu (dance)|Lundu]] | ||
| + | *[[Axé music]] | ||
| + | *[[Pagode]] | ||
| + | *[[Brazilian funk]] | ||
| + | *[[Afoxê]] | ||
| + | *[[Carimbo]] | ||
| + | *[[Maxixe (dance)|Maxixe]] | ||
| + | *[[Baião (music)|Baião]] | ||
| + | *[[Lambada]] | ||
| + | *[[Brazilian rock]] | ||
| + | *[[List of Brazilian composers]] | ||
| + | *[[Zouk-lambada]] | ||
| + | *[[Cuíca]] | ||
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Revision as of 12:57, 7 December 2019
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"In France, Brazilian urban music was presented by Darius Milhaud (1892–1974), who used elements of Brazilian music in his compositions, with which he had contact while accompanying the diplomat Paul Claudel (1868–1955) to Rio de Janeiro in 1917–1918. Milhaud arrived on the eve of the Rio Carnival of 1917, the exact year of release of the carnival samba “Pelo Telefone,” which is canonized in the ..."--Made in Brazil: Studies in Popular Music (2014) by Martha Tupinamba de Ulhoa, Cláudia Azevedo, Felipe Trotta "In Brazil, a new style of music called bossa nova evolved in the late 1950s. Based on the Brazilian samba as well as jazz, bossa nova was championed by João Gilberto, Antonio Carlos Jobim and Luiz Bonfá. Gilberto and Stan Getz started a bossa nova craze in the United States with their 1963 album Getz/Gilberto. Among the genre's songs that are now considered standards are Bonfá's "Manhã de Carnaval" (1959), Marcos Valle's "Summer Samba" (1966), and numerous Jobim's songs, including "Desafinado" (1959), "The Girl from Ipanema" (1962) and "Corcovado" (1962). Later, composers such as Edu Lobo and Egberto Gismonti contributed a great deal to the Brazilian jazz repertoire, with tunes that include "Casa Forte", "Frevo Rasgado" and "Loro"." --Sholem Stein |
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The music of Brazil encompasses various regional music styles influenced by African, European and Amerindian forms. After 500 years of history, Brazilian music developed some unique and original styles such as samba, bossa nova, MPB and rap. Samba has become the best known form of Brazilian music worldwide, especially because of the country's carnival, although bossa nova, which had Antônio Carlos Jobim as one of its most acclaimed composers and performers, have received much attention abroad since the 1950s, when the song "Desafinado", interpreted by João Gilberto, was first released. Instrumental music is also largely practiced in Brazil, with styles ranging from classical to popular and jazz influenced forms, featuring composers like Heitor Villa-Lobos, Pixinguinha and Hermeto Pascoal. The country also has a growing community of modern/experimental composition, including electroacoustic music.
Funk Carioca and rap
Funk Carioca, favela funk and, elsewhere in the world, baile funk, is a type of dance music from Rio de Janeiro, derived from Miami bass. In Rio de Janeiro it is most often simply known as funk, although it is very different musically from what funk means in most other places. "Baile funk", in Rio, refers not to the music, but to the actual parties in which the music is played. MIA released the funk carioca-inspired co-composition "Bucky Done Gun" in July 2005.
See also
See also
- Mangue Beat
- Lundu
- Axé music
- Pagode
- Brazilian funk
- Afoxê
- Carimbo
- Maxixe
- Baião
- Lambada
- Brazilian rock
- List of Brazilian composers
- Zouk-lambada
- Cuíca
