March 22  

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== Art and culture == == Art and culture ==
-* [[238]] - [[Gordian I]] and his son [[Gordian II]] are proclaimed [[Roman emperors]]. 
-*[[1621]] - The [[Pilgrims]] of [[Plymouth Colony]] sign a peace treaty with [[Massasoit]] of the [[Wampanoag (tribe)|Wampanoag]]s.  
-*[[1622]] - [[Indian massacre of 1622|Jamestown massacre]]: [[Algonquian]] Indians kill 347 [[England|English]] settlers around [[Jamestown, Virginia]], a third of the colony's population.  
-*[[1630]] - [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] outlaws the possession of cards, [[dice]], and gaming tables. 
-*[[1638]] - [[Anne Hutchinson]] is expelled from [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]] for religious dissent. 
-*[[1765]] - The [[Parliament of Great Britain|Parliament of]] [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]] passes the [[Stamp Act 1765|Stamp Act]], which introduced a tax to be levied directly on its [[British colonization of the Americas|American colonies]].  
-*[[1784]] - The [[Emerald Buddha]] is moved with great ceremony to its current place in [[Wat Phra Kaew]], [[Thailand]]. 
-*[[1809]] - [[Charles XIII of Sweden|Charles XIII]] succeeds [[Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden|Gustav IV Adolf]] to the [[Sweden|Swedish]] throne.  
-*[[1829]] - The three protecting powers ([[Kingdom of Great Britain|Britain]], [[France]] and [[Russia]]) establish the borders of [[Greece]]. 
-*[[1849]] - The [[Austrian Empire|Austrians]] defeat the [[Kingdom of Sardinia|Piedmontese]] at the [[Battle of Novara (1849)|Battle of Novara]]. 
-*[[1861]] - [[Charles Darwin]]'s buldog [[Thomas Henry Huxley]] updates his wife Henrietta on his working mans' series of lectures promoting [[Darwinism]]. "By next Friday evening they will all be convinced that they are monkeys."<ref> March 22, 1861 letter to Henrietta [http://aleph0.clarku.edu/huxley/letters/61.html ''T. H. Huxley Letters and Diary 1861'']</ref> 
-*[[1871]] - In [[North Carolina]], [[William Woods Holden]] becomes the first [[governor]] of a [[U.S. state]] to be removed from office by [[impeachment]].  
-*[[1873]] - A law is approved by the Spanish National Assembly in [[Puerto Rico]] to abolish [[slavery]]. 
-*[[1888]] - [[The Football League]] is formed.  
-*[[1894]] - The first playoff game for the [[Stanley Cup]] starts.  
-*[[1895]] - First display (a private screening) of [[Film|motion pictures]] by [[Auguste and Louis Lumière]]. 
-*[[1923]] - The first radio broadcast of [[ice hockey]] is made by [[Foster Hewitt]]. 
-*[[1933]] - [[President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|Franklin Delano Roosevelt]] signs into law a bill legalizing the sale of [[beer]] and [[wine]]. 
-*[[1939]] - [[World War II]]: [[Germany]] takes [[Klaipėda Region|Memel]] from [[Lithuania]]. 
-*[[1941]] - [[Washington]]'s [[Grand Coulee Dam]] begins to generate [[electricity]]. 
-*[[1942]] - [[World War II]]: In the [[Mediterranean Sea]], Britain's [[Royal Navy]] confronts Italy's [[Regia Marina]] in the [[Second Battle of Sirte]]. 
-*[[1943]] - [[World War II]]: the entire population of [[Khatyn massacre|Khatyn]] in [[Belarus]] is burnt alive by [[Germany|German]] occupation forces. 
-*[[1945]] - The [[Arab League]] is founded when a charter is adopted in [[Cairo]], [[Egypt]].  
-*[[1954]] - Closed since [[1939]], the [[London bullion market]] reopens.  
-*[[1960]] - [[Arthur Leonard Schawlow]] & [[Charles Hard Townes]] receive the first [[patent]] for a [[laser]].  
-*[[1975]] - A fire at the [[Browns Ferry Nuclear Power Plant]] in [[Decatur, Alabama]] causes dangerous lowering of cooling water levels. 
-*[[1978]] - [[Karl Wallenda]] of the [[The Flying Wallendas]] dies after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]].  
-*[[1979]] - [[Margaret Thatcher]] puts down an [[early day motion]] censuring the government, which leads to the defeat of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] government of [[James Callaghan]].  
-*[[1984]] - Teachers at the [[McMartin preschool trial|McMartin preschool]] in [[Manhattan Beach, California]] are charged with [[Satanic ritual abuse]] of the children in the school. The charges are later dropped as completely unfounded.  
-*[[1989]] - [[Clint Malarchuk]] of the [[Buffalo Sabres]] suffers a near-fatal injury when another player accidentally slits his throat in one of the most gruesome sports injuries of all time.  
-*[[1993]] - The [[Intel Corporation|Intel]] [[Corporation]] ships the first [[Pentium]] chips (80586), featuring a 60 MHz clock speed, 100+ [[Instructions per second|MIPS]], and a 64 bit data path.  
-*[[1995]] - [[Astronaut|Cosmonaut]] [[Valeriy Polyakov]] returns after setting a record for 438 days in [[outer space|space]]. 
-*[[1997]] - [[Tara Lipinski]], age 14 years and 10 months, becomes the youngest champion of the women's world [[figure skating]] competition. 
-* 1997 - The [[Comet Hale-Bopp]] has its closest approach to [[earth]]. 
-*[[2004]] - [[Ahmed Yassin]], co-founder and leader of the [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] [[Sunni]] Islamist militant group [[Hamas]], and bodyguards are killed in the [[Gaza Strip]] when hit by [[Israeli Air Force]] [[AH-64 Apache]] fired [[AGM-114 Hellfire|Hellfire missiles]]. 
-*[[2006]] - [[ETA]], armed [[Basque people|Basque]] separatist group, declares permanent ceasefire. 
-* 2006 - [[BC Ferries]]' ''[[M/V Queen of the North]]'' runs aground on [[Gil Island (Canada)|Gil Island]] [[British Columbia]] and sinks; 101 on board, 2 presumed deaths. 
-* 2006 - Three [[Christian Peacemaker Teams]] Hostages are freed by British forces in [[Baghdad]] after 118 days captivity and the death of their colleague, American [[Tom Fox (activist)|Tom Fox]]. 
- 
==Births== ==Births==
-* [[841]] - [[Bernard Plantapilosa]], Count of Auvergne (d. [[885]])+*[[1905]] - [[Grigori Kozintsev]], Soviet Russian film director (''New Babylon'') (d. [[1973]])
-*[[1212]] - [[Emperor Go-Horikawa]] of Japan (d. [[1235]])+*[[1923]] - [[Marcel Marceau]], world renown French [[Mime artist|Mime]] (d. 2007)
-*[[1366]] - [[Thomas de Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk]], English politician (d. [[1399]])+*[[1930]] - [[Pat Robertson]], American televangelist
-*[[1459]] - [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor]] (d. [[1519]])+*[[1931]] - [[William Shatner]], Canadian actor
-*[[1503]] - [[Antonio Francesco Grazzini]], Italian writer (d. [[1583]])+*[[1945]] - [[Jorge Ben Jor]], Brazilian musician
-*[[1599]] - [[Anthony van Dyck]], Flemish painter (d. [[1641]])+*[[1941]] - [[Bruno Ganz]], Swiss actor (d. 2019)
-*[[1609]] - King [[John II Casimir of Poland]] (d. [[1672]])+
-*[[1663]] - [[August Hermann Francke]], German Protestant minister (d. [[1727]])+
-*[[1712]] - [[Edward Moore]], English writer (d. [[1757]])+
-*[[1720]] - [[Nicolas-Henri Jardin]], French architect (d. [[1799]])+
-*[[1723]] - [[Charles Carroll (barrister)|Charles Carroll]], American statesman (d. [[1783]])+
-*[[1759]] - [[Hedwig Elizabeth Charlotte of Holstein-Gottorp]], Queen of Sweden and Norway (d. [[1818]])+
-*[[1797]] - King [[Wilhelm I of Germany]] (d. [[1888]])+
-*[[1812]] - [[Stephen Pearl Andrews]], American abolitionist (d. [[1886]])+
-*[[1817]] - [[Bahá'u'lláh]], Persian prophet of the Bahá'í Faith (d. [[1892]])+
-* 1817 - [[Braxton Bragg]], American Confederate general (d. [[1876]])+
-*[[1818]] - [[John Ainsworth Horrocks]], English-born explorer of [[South Australia]] (d. [[1846]])+
-*[[1857]] - [[Paul Doumer]], French President (d. [[1932]]) +
-*[[1860]] - [[Alfred Ploetz]], German physician (d. [[1940]]) +
-*[[1866]] - [[Jack Boyle]], American baseball player (d. [[1913]])+
-*[[1868]] - [[Robert Millikan]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1953]])+
-*[[1869]] - [[Emilio Aguinaldo]], 1st President of the Philippines Republic (d. [[1964]])+
-*[[1878]] - [[Michel Théato]], Luxembourgian athlete (d. [[1919]])+
-*[[1880]] - [[Ernie Quigley]], Canadian-American sports official (d. [[1960]])+
-*[[1887]] - [[Chico Marx]], American comedian and actor (d. [[1961]])+
-*[[1896]] - [[He Long]], Chinese marshal (d. [[1969]])+
-*[[1901]] - [[Greta Kempton]], American artist (d. [[1991]])+
-*[[1907]] - [[James M. Gavin|James Gavin]], American general and ambassador (d. [[1990]])+
-* 1907 - [[Lúcia Santos]], Portuguese nun (d. [[2005]])+
-*[[1908]] - [[Jack Crawford (tennis)|Jack Crawford]], Australian tennis player (d. [[1991]])+
-* 1908 - [[Louis L'Amour]], American author (d. [[1988]])+
-*[[1909]] - [[Gabrielle Roy]], Canadian author (d. [[1983]])+
-*[[1910]] - [[Nicholas Monsarrat]], British novelist (d. [[1979]])+
-*[[1912]] - [[Wilfrid Brambell]], Irish actor (d. [[1985]])+
-* 1912 - [[Karl Malden]], American actor+
-*[[1913]] - [[Tom McCall]], Governor of Oregon (d. [[1983]])+
-* 1913 - [[Lew Wasserman]], American film studio executive (d. [[2002]])+
-*[[1915]] - [[Georgiy Zhzhonov]], Russian actor and writer (d. [[2005]])+
-*[[1917]] - [[Virginia Grey]], American actress (d. [[2004]])+
-*[[1918]] - [[Cheddi Jagan]], [[President of Guyana]] (d. [[1997]])+
-*[[1920]] - [[Werner Klemperer]], German-born actor (d. [[2000]])+
-* 1920 - [[Ross Martin]], Polish-American actor (d. [[1981]])+
-*[[1921]] - [[Nino Manfredi]], Italian actor (d. [[2004]])+
-*[[1923]] - [[Marcel Marceau]], world renown French [[Mime artist|Mime]] (d. [[2007]])+
-*[[1924]] - [[Allen Neuharth]], American businessman+
-* 1924 - [[Bill Wendell]], American television announcer (d. [[1999]])+
-*[[1928]] - [[Carrie Donovan]], American fashion editor (d. [[2001]])+
-* 1928 - [[Ed Macauley]], American basketball player+
-*[[1930]] - [[Derek Bok]], American lawyer and educator+
-* 1930 - [[Pat Robertson]], American televangelist+
-* 1930 - [[Stephen Sondheim]], American composer and lyricist+
-*[[1931]] - [[Burton Richter]], American physicist, [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel laureate]]+
-* 1931 - [[William Shatner]], Canadian actor+
-*[[1933]] - [[Abolhassan Banisadr]], former [[President of Iran]]+
-* 1933 - [[May Britt]], Swedish actress+
-*[[1934]] - [[Orrin Hatch]], American politician+
-* 1934 - [[Larry Martyn]], English comedy actor (d. [[1994]])+
-*[[1935]] - [[M. Emmet Walsh]], American actor+
-*[[1936]] - [[Ron Carey (labor leader)|Ron Carey]], American labor leader+
-* 1936 - [[Roger Whittaker]], British singer+
-*[[1937]] - [[Armin Hary]], German athlete+
-*[[1940]] - [[Dave Keon]], Canadian ice hockey player+
-* 1940 - [[Haing S. Ngor]], Cambodian/American actor (d. [[1996]])+
-* 1940 (or 1942) - [[Jorge Ben Jor]], Brazilian musician+
-*[[1941]] - [[Jeremy Clyde]], British actor and musician ([[Chad and Jeremy]])+
-* 1941 - [[Billy Collins]], American poet+
-* 1941 - [[Bruno Ganz]], Swiss actor+
-*[[1942]] - [[Bernd Herzsprung]], German actor+
-* 1942 - [[Dick Pound]], Canadian chairman of the [[World Anti-Doping Agency]]+
*[[1943]] - [[George Benson]], American musician *[[1943]] - [[George Benson]], American musician
-* 1943 - [[Keith Relf]], English musician ([[The Yardbirds]]) (d. [[1976]]) 
*[[1946]] - [[Rudy Rucker]], American author *[[1946]] - [[Rudy Rucker]], American author
-*[[1948]] - [[Wolf Blitzer]], American television journalist+*[[1948]] - [[Ken Boothe]], Jamaican recording artist
-* 1948 - [[Andrew Lloyd Webber]], English theatre composer+
*[[1949]] - [[Fanny Ardant]], French actress *[[1949]] - [[Fanny Ardant]], French actress
-*[[1950]] - [[Jocky Wilson]], Scottish darts player+*[[1950]] - [[Goran Bregović]], Balkan composer and musician
-*[[1952]] - [[Bob Costas]], American sports commentator +
-*[[1955]] - [[Pete Sessions]], American politician+
-* 1955 - [[Lena Olin]], Swedish actress+
-* 1955 - [[Valdis Zatlers]], 7th [[President of Latvia]]+
-*[[1956]] - [[Generosa Ammon]], widow of [[Ted Ammon]] (d. [[2003]])+
-*[[1957]] - [[Stephanie Mills]], American actress and singer+
-*[[1958]] - [[Laurie David]], American political activist+
-* 1958 - [[Pete Wylie]], British singer/songwriter+
-*[[1959]] - [[Carlton Cuse]], Mexican-born American TV writer and executive+
-* 1959 - [[Matthew Modine]], American actor+
-*[[1965]] - [[John Kordic]], Canadian ice hockey player (d. [[1992]])+
-* 1965 - [[Emma Wray]], English actress+
-*[[1966]] - [[Artis Pabriks]], Latvian politician+
-* 1966 - [[Song Kwang Sik]], Korean singer+
-*[[1967]] - [[Mario Cipollini]], Italian cyclist+
-*[[1968]] - [[Euronymous]], Norwegian [[black metal]] musician (d. [[1993]])+
-*[[1970]] - [[Andreas Johnson]], Swedish singer+
-* 1970 - [[Leontien van Moorsel]], Dutch cyclist+
-*[[1972]] - [[Shawn Bradley]], American basketball player+
-* 1972 - [[Cory Lidle]], American baseball player (d. [[2006]])+
-* 1972 - [[Elvis Stojko]], Canadian figure skater+
-*[[1973]] - [[Beverley Knight]], English singer+
-* 1973 - [[Joe Nedney]], American football player+
-*[[1974]] - [[Marcus Camby]], American basketball player+
-* 1974 - [[Philippe Clement]], Belgian footballer+
-* 1974 - [[Kidada Jones]], American actress+
-*[[1975]] - [[Jiří Novák]], Czech tennis player+
-*[[1976]] - [[Teun de Nooijer]], Dutch field hockey player +
-* 1976 - [[Reese Witherspoon]], American actress+
-*[[1977]] - [[Joey Porter]], American football player+
-*[[1978]] - [[Tom Poti]], professional hockey player+
-*[[1979]] - [[Aaron North]], American musician+
-* 1979 - [[Juan Uribe]], Dominican baseball player+
-*[[1980]] - [[Shannon Bex]], American singer ([[Danity Kane]])+
-* 1980 - [[Pamela O'Connor]], Scottish ice dancer+
-*[[1981]] - [[Victoria Lanz]], Venezuelan porn star+
-* 1981 - [[MIMS]], American rapper+
-*[[1982]] - [[Pete Bennett]], British musician and winner of Big Brother 2006+
-*[[1988]] - [[Tania Raymonde]], American actress+
-*[[1992]] - [[Luke Freeman]], English footballer+
-<!--+
-Please do not add yourself, non-notable people, fictional characters, or people without Wikipedia articles to this list. No red links, please. +
-Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence.+
-If there are multiple people in the same birth year, put them in alphabetical order.+
-Do not trust "this year in history" websites for accurate date information. -->+
==Deaths== ==Deaths==
-*[[1322]] - [[Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster]], English politician (b. [[1278]]) 
-*[[1418]] - [[Dietrich of Nieheim]], German historian 
-*[[1421]] - [[Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence]], second son of [[Henry IV of England]] (killed in battle) (b. [[1388]]) 
-*[[1544]] - [[Johannes Magnus]], last Catholic Archbishop of Sweden (b. [[1488]]) 
*[[1602]] - [[Agostino Carracci]], Italian artist (b. [[1557]]) *[[1602]] - [[Agostino Carracci]], Italian artist (b. [[1557]])
-*[[1685]] - [[Emperor Go-Sai of Japan]] (b. [[1638]])+*[[1832]] - [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]], German writer (b. 1749)
-*[[1687]] - [[Jean Baptiste Lully]], Italian-born French composer (b. [[1632]])+*[[1994]] - [[Dan Hartman]], American musician (b. 1950)
-*[[1758]] - [[Jonathan Edwards (theologian)|Jonathan Edwards]], American minister (b. [[1703]])+
-* 1758 - [[Richard Leveridge]], English bass and composer (b. [[1670]])+
-*[[1772]] - [[John Canton]], English physicist (b. [[1718]])+
-*[[1820]] - [[Stephen Decatur]], American naval officer (b. [[1779]])+
-*[[1832]] - [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe]], German writer (b. [[1749]])+
-*[[1840]] - [[Étienne Bobillier]], French mathematician (b. [[1798]])+
-*[[1896]] - [[Thomas Hughes]], English novelist (b. [[1822]])+
-*[[1913]] - [[Sung Chiao-jen]], Chinese Nationalist (b. [[1882]])+
-*[[1924]] - [[William Macewen]], Scottish surgeon (b. [[1848]])+
-*[[1934]] - [[Theophilos Hatzimihail]], Greek painter (b. [[1870]])+
-*[[1945]] - [[John Hessin Clarke]], U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. [[1857]])+
-*[[1951]] - [[Willem Mengelberg]], Dutch conductor (b. [[1871]])+
-*[[1952]] - [[Uncle Dave Macon]], American musician (b. [[1870]])+
-*[[1958]] - [[Mike Todd]], American film producer (b. [[1909]])+
-*[[1960]] - [[José Antonio Aguirre (politician)|José Antonio Aguirre]], Basque politician (b. [[1904]])+
-*[[1974]] - [[Peter Revson]], American racecar driver (b.[[1939]])+
-*[[1977]] - [[A.K. Gopalan]], Indian communist leader (b. [[1904]])+
-*[[1978]] - [[Karl Wallenda]], German acrobat (b. [[1905]])+
-*[[1981]] - [[Jumbo Elliott|James "Jumbo" Elliott]], American track coach (b. [[1915]])+
-*[[1986]] - [[Mark Dinning]], American singer (b. [[1933]])+
-* 1986 - [[Charles Starrett]], American actor (b. [[1903]])+
-*[[1990]] - [[Gerald Bull]], Canadian engineer (b. [[1928]])+
-*[[1991]] - [[Léon Balcer]], French Canadian politician (b. [[1917]])+
-* 1991 - [[Dave Guard]], American folk singer ([[The Kingston Trio]]) (b. [[1934]])+
-* 1991 - [[Gloria Holden]], American film actress (b. [[1908]])+
-*[[1994]] - [[Dan Hartman]], American musician, songwriter, and record producer (b. [[1950]])+
-* 1994 - [[Walter Lantz]], American cartoonist (b. [[1900]])+
-*[[1996]] - [[Don Murray (drummer)|Don Murray]], American musician ([[The Turtles]]) (b. [[1945]])+
-*[[1999]] - [[David Strickland]], American actor (b. [[1969]])+
-*[[2001]] - [[William Hanna]], American animator and studio founder (b. [[1910]])+
-*[[2003]] - [[Terry Lloyd]], English reporter (b. [[1952]])+
-*[[2004]] - [[Ahmed Yassin]], Palestinian co-founder of Hamas (b. ca. [[1937]])+
-*[[2005]] - [[Kenzo Tange]], Japanese architect (b. [[1913]])+
-*[[2006]] - [[Pierre Clostermann]], French World War II pilot (b. [[1921]])+
-* 2006 - [[Kurt von Trojan]], Australian science fiction author (b. [[1937]])+
-*[[2007]] - [[Uppaluri Gopala Krishnamurti]], Indian philosopher (b. [[1918]])+
-==Notes==+
-Pat Robertson +
-Agostino Carracci +
-Goran Bregović +
-Ernest William Hornung +
-William Shatner +
-Grigori Kozintsev +
-Marcel Marceau +
-Jorge Ben +
-Fanny Ardant +
-Dan Hartman +
-Johann Wolfgang von Goethe +
-Claude Mauriac +
-Ken Boothe +
-George Benson +
- +
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