Louis XIII
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| - | '''L'Académie française''', or the '''French Academy''', is the pre-eminent [[France|French]] learned body on matters pertaining to the [[French language]]. The Académie was officially established in 1635 by [[Cardinal Richelieu]], the chief minister to [[Louis XIII of France|King Louis XIII]]. Suppressed in 1793 during the [[French Revolution]], it was restored in 1803 by [[Napoleon I of France|Napoleon Bonaparte]] (the Académie considers itself having been suspended, not suppressed, during the revolution). It is the oldest of the five ''académies'' of the [[Institut de France]]. | ||
| - | The Académie consists of forty members, known as ''immortels'' (immortals). New members are elected by the members of the Académie itself. Académicians hold office for life, but they may be removed for misconduct. The body has the task of acting as an official authority on the language; it is charged with publishing an official dictionary of the language. Its rulings, however, are only advisory; not binding on either the public or the government. | + | '''Louis XIII''' (27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) reigned as [[List of French monarchs|King of France]] and [[Kingdom of Navarre|Navarre]] from 1610 to 1643. |
| + | ===Sexuality=== | ||
| + | There is no evidence that Louis had mistresses (consequently earning the title of 'Louis the [[Chaste]]'), but persistent rumours insinuated that he may have been homosexual or at least [[bisexual]]. [[Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux|Tallemant des Réaux]], drawing from rumours told to him by a critic of the king (the [[Catherine de Vivonne, marquise de Rambouillet|marquise de Rambouillet]]), explicitly speculated in his ''Historiettes'' what happened in the King's bed. A [[affair|liaison]] with an [[equerry]], François de Baradas, ended when the latter lost favour fighting a duel after duelling had been forbidden by royal decree. He was also allegedly captivated by [[Henri Coiffier de Ruzé, Marquis of Cinq-Mars|Marquis de Cinq-Mars]], who was later executed for conspiring with the Spanish enemy in time of war. Tallemant described how on a Royal journey, the King "sent M. le Grand [de Cinq-Mars] to undress, who returned, adorned like a bride. 'To bed, to bed' he said to him impatiently... and the mignon was not in before the King was already kissing his hands." | ||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[Absolute monarchy in France]] | ||
| + | * [[Charles de Lorme]], personal medical doctor to Louis XIII | ||
| + | * [[French monarchs family tree]] | ||
| + | * [[Lords, Marquesses and Dukes of Elbeuf]] Charles II of Guise-Lorraine, Duke of Elbeuf | ||
| + | * [[Jean Eudes|St. John Eudes]] and contemporary promotion of the popular medieval mystical devotion to the [[Sacred Heart of Jesus]] a necessary spiritual remediation for the excesses of secular Absolutism of the cavalier age. | ||
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Revision as of 07:26, 29 May 2018
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Louis XIII (27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) reigned as King of France and Navarre from 1610 to 1643.
Sexuality
There is no evidence that Louis had mistresses (consequently earning the title of 'Louis the Chaste'), but persistent rumours insinuated that he may have been homosexual or at least bisexual. Tallemant des Réaux, drawing from rumours told to him by a critic of the king (the marquise de Rambouillet), explicitly speculated in his Historiettes what happened in the King's bed. A liaison with an equerry, François de Baradas, ended when the latter lost favour fighting a duel after duelling had been forbidden by royal decree. He was also allegedly captivated by Marquis de Cinq-Mars, who was later executed for conspiring with the Spanish enemy in time of war. Tallemant described how on a Royal journey, the King "sent M. le Grand [de Cinq-Mars] to undress, who returned, adorned like a bride. 'To bed, to bed' he said to him impatiently... and the mignon was not in before the King was already kissing his hands."
See also
- Absolute monarchy in France
- Charles de Lorme, personal medical doctor to Louis XIII
- French monarchs family tree
- Lords, Marquesses and Dukes of Elbeuf Charles II of Guise-Lorraine, Duke of Elbeuf
- St. John Eudes and contemporary promotion of the popular medieval mystical devotion to the Sacred Heart of Jesus a necessary spiritual remediation for the excesses of secular Absolutism of the cavalier age.
