From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

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		+	[[Hemoclysm]]
		+	|}
	{{Template}}		{{Template}}
-	{{short description|Wikimedia list article}}	+
-	{{merge|List of wars by death toll|date=May 2018}}	+
-	{{cleanup rewrite|date=May 2018}}	+
	This is a '''list of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll'''.		This is a '''list of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll'''.
	It covers the name of the event, the location and the start and end of each event. Some events may belong in more than one category. In addition, some of the listed events overlap each other, and in some cases the death toll from a smaller event is included in the one for the larger event or time period of which it was part.		It covers the name of the event, the location and the start and end of each event. Some events may belong in more than one category. In addition, some of the listed events overlap each other, and in some cases the death toll from a smaller event is included in the one for the larger event or time period of which it was part.
-
-	==Wars and armed conflicts with highest estimated death tolls of 100,000 or more==
-	{{main|List of wars by death toll}}
-	''This section list all wars in which the highest estimated casualties exceed 100,000, this includes deaths of both soldiers and civilians, from causes both directly and indirectly caused by the war, including [[combat]], [[infectious disease|disease]], [[famine]], [[massacre]]s and [[genocide]].''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-
-	{| style="width:100%;" class="sortable wikitable"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! style="width:12%;" | Event
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! style="width:7%;" data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geometric mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180">{{Citation|title=Casualties Distribution in Human and Natural Hazards|publisher=Springer Netherlands|journal=Mathematical Methods in Engineering|date=2014|isbn=978-94-007-7182-6|pages=173–180|first=Carla M. A.|last=Pinto|first2=A. Mendes|last2=Lopes|first3=J.A. Tenreiro|last3=Machado|editor-first=Nuno Miguel Fonseca|editor-last=Ferreira|editor2-first=José António Tenreiro|editor2-last=Machado|doi=10.1007/978-94-007-7183-3_16}}</ref>!! style="width:20%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Duration !! style="width:25%;" | Notes, see also
-	|-
-	|[[World War II]]
-	|[[World War II casualties|{{nts|60000000}}]]
-	|{{nts|118357000}}<ref name="Fink">{{Cite book|title=Stress of War, Conflict and Disaster|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOq4XV94wLsC|publisher=Academic Press|date=2010|isbn=978-0-12-381382-4|first=George|last=Fink}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|84,269,920}}
-	|Worldwide
-	|{{nts|1939|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1945|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|6.003}} 6 years and 1 day
-	|See also: [[World War II casualties]].
-	|-
-	|[[Three Kingdoms]]
-	|36,000,000
-	|40,000,000
-	|37,947,332
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|184|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|280|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|96}} years
-	|Academically, the period of the [[Three Kingdoms]] refers to the period between the foundation of the state of [[Cao Wei|Wei]] in 220 and the [[Conquest of Wu by Jin|conquest]] of the state of [[Eastern Wu|Wu]] by the [[Jin dynasty (265–420)|Jin dynasty]] in 280. The earlier, "unofficial" part of the period, from 184 to 220, was marked by chaotic infighting between warlords in various parts of China.
-	{{See also|End of the Han dynasty}}
-	|-
-	|[[Mongol conquests]]
-	|{{nts|30000000}}<ref name="White">''The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368'', 1994, pg. 622, cited by [http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#Yuan White]</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|40000000}}<wbr />{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|{{nts|34641016}}
-	|[[Eurasia]]
-	|{{nts|1206|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1368|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|163}} years
-	|See also: [[Mongol Empire]], [[Destruction under the Mongol Empire]]
-	|-
-	|[[European colonization of the Americas]]
-	|{{nts|8400000}}<ref name="BXScience">{{cite web|url=http://www.bxscience.edu/ourpages/auto/2009/4/5/34767803/Pre-Columbian%20population.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107012827/http://www.bxscience.edu/ourpages/auto/2009/4/5/34767803/Pre-Columbian%20population.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2016-01-07|title=Pre-Columbian Population}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|138000000}}<ref name="American Philosophy 1491">''American Philosophy: From Wounded Knee to the Present''; Erin McKenna, Scott L. Pratt; Bloomsbury; 2015, pg. 375; "It is also apparent that the shared history of the hemisphere is one framed by the dual tragedies of genocide and slavery, both of which are part of the legacy of the European invasions of the past 500 years. Indigenous people north and south were displaced, died of disease, and were killed by Europeans through slavery, rape and war. In 1491, about 145 million people lived in the western hemisphere. By 1691, the population of indigenous Americans had declined by 90–95 percent."</ref>
-	|{{nts|34047026}}
-	|[[Americas]]
-	|{{nts|1492|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1691|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|199}} years
-	|Death toll estimates vary due to lack of consensus as to the demographic size of the native population pre-Columbus, which might never be accurately determined. The 90% death rate was mainly caused by disease.{{efn|
-	[[Spanish Empire]], [[Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas]], [[Native American disease and epidemics]]. These death toll estimates vary due to lack of consensus as to the demographic size of the native population pre-Columbus, which some say might never be accurately determined. Modern scholarship tend to side with the higher estimates, but there is still variance based on calculation methods used. Even using conservative populations estimates, however, "one dreadful conclusion is inescapable: the 150 years after Columbus's arrival brought a toll on human life in this hemisphere comparable to all of the world's losses during World War II. ... Against the alien agents of disease, the indigenous people never had a chance. Their immune systems were unprepared to fight smallpox and measles, malaria and yellow fever. The epidemics that resulted have been well documented."<ref name="NYT3">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/10/29/science/don-t-blame-columbus-for-all-the-indians-ills.html|title=Don't Blame Columbus for All the Indians' Ills|date=October 29, 2002|work=The New York Times}}</ref> A small industry of researchers in recent years have focused their attention on Native American population size in 1492, and the subsequent decimation of the population after contact with Europeans.<ref>Richard H. Steckel and Jerome C. Rose: ''The Backbone of History Health and Nutrition in the Western Hemisphere'', Cambridge University Press; 1st edition; pg. 79; {{ISBN|9780521617444}}</ref> They have stated that their findings in no way diminish the "dreadful impact Old World diseases had on the people of the New World. But it suggests that the New World was hardly a healthful Eden." For example, they note that as the previously thriving indigenous peoples became more urbanized and less mobile, they succumbed to the same declining sanitation and health conditions of other urban cultures, including tuberculosis. The researchers stress, however, that "their findings in no way mitigated the responsibility of Europeans as bearers of disease devastating to native societies."<ref name="NYT3"/>}} Vast depopulation contributed to [[Little Ice Age]]<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.12.004 |title=Earth system impacts of the European arrival and Great Dying in the Americas after 1492 |journal=Quaternary Science Reviews |volume=207 |pages=13–36 |year=2019 |last1=Koch |first1=Alexander |last2=Brierley |first2=Chris |last3=Maslin |first3=Mark M. |last4=Lewis |first4=Simon L. |bibcode=2019QSRv..207...13K }}</ref>
-	|-
-	|-
-	|[[Taiping Rebellion]]
-	|{{nts|10000000}}<ref name="auto5">{{cite book|last=Werner|first=Gruhl|title=Imperial Japan's World War Two: 1931–1945|date=2007|publisher=Transaction Publishers|page=181|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ow5Wlmu9MPQC&pg=PA181|isbn=978-0-7658-0352-8}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|100000000}}<ref name="auto6">{{cite web|url=http://taipingrebellion.com|title=The Taiping Rebellion 1850–1871 Tai Ping Tian Guo|work=Taipingrebellion.com|accessdate=2013-08-23}}</ref><ref name="auto9">Livre noir du Communisme: crimes, terreur, répression, page 468.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, author(s), publisher, year needed --></ref><ref name="auto10">William J. Gingles, ''By Train to Shanghai: A Journey on the Trans-Siberian Railway'', pg. 259<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher, year needed --></ref>
-	|{{nts|31622777}}
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1851|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1864|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|14}} years
-	|See also: [[Qing dynasty]]
-	|-
-	|[[Transition from Ming to Qing]]
-	|{{nts|25000000}}<ref name="Alan Macfarlane">{{cite book|author=Alan Macfarlane|title=The Savage Wars of Peace: England, Japan and the Malthusian Trap|date=1997-05-28|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-0-631-18117-0|url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarsofpeac0000macf}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|25000000}}
-	|{{nts|25000000}}
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1618|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1683|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|65}} years
-	|See also: [[Qing dynasty]]
-	|-
-	|[[Second Sino-Japanese War]]
-	|{{nts|20000000}}
-	|{{nts|25000000}}
-	|{{nts|22360680}}
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1937|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1945|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|8}} years
-	|– Part of [[World War II]]
-	|-
-	|[[An Lushan Rebellion]]
-	|13,000,000
-	|36,000,000
-	|21,633,308
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|755|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|763|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|8}} years
-	|Also known as the An–Shi rebellion
-	|-
-	|[[World War I]]
-	|{{nts|8545800}}<ref name="Nash">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3KglCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA775|title=Darkest Hours|last1=Nash|date=1976|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-59077-526-4|page=775}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|65000000}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/|title=Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC|website=Emerging Infectious Diseases journal|language=en-us|access-date=2019-07-29}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|23568559}}
-	|Worldwide
-	|{{nts|1914|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1918|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|4.27}}4 years, 3 months, 1 week
-	|-
-	|[[Timur|Conquests of Timur]]
-	|{{nts|8000000}}<wbr /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#Timur|title=Timur Lenk (1369–1405)|website=Necrometrics|first=Matthew|last=White|accessdate=2011-01-24}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}<wbr /><ref name="ReferenceF">{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#Asian|title=Miscellaneous Oriental Atrocities|website=Necrometrics|first=Matthew|last=White|accessdate=2011-01-24}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|17000000}}<wbr /><ref name="The Rehabilitation Of Tamerlane">{{cite news|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1999-01-17/news/9901170256_1_uzbek-islam-karimov-tashkent|work=Chicago Tribune|title=The Rehabilitation Of Tamerlane|date=17 January 1999}}</ref><ref name="J.J. Saunders 1971 174">{{cite book|author=J.J. Saunders|authorlink=John Joseph Saunders|title=The History of the Mongol Conquests|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nFx3OlrBMpQC&pg=PA174|year=1971|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.|isbn=0-8122-1766-7|page=174}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|12649111}}
-	|[[Central Asia]], [[Middle East]] and [[South Asia]]
-	|{{nts|1370|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1405|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|35}} years
-	|Up to 5% of the world's population at the time.
-	|-
-	|[[Dungan Revolt (1862–77)|Dungan Revolt]]
-	|{{nts|8000000}}
-	|{{nts|12000000}}
-	|{{nts|9797959}}
-	|[[Qing dynasty]]
-	|{{nts|1862|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1877|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|15}} years
-	|See also: [[Qing dynasty]]
-	|-
-	|[[Chinese Civil War]]
-	|{{nts|8000000}}<ref name="Michael Lynch">{{cite book|author=Michael Lynch|title=The Chinese Civil War 1945–49|year=2010|publisher=Osprey Publishing|isbn=978-1-84176-671-3}}</ref>||{{nts|11692000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/CHINA.CHAP1.HTM|title=China's Bloody Century|accessdate=2017-07-31}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|9671401}}
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1927|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1949|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|22}} years
-	|-
-	|[[Reconquista]]
-	|7,000,000
-	|7,000,000
-	|7,000,000
-	|[[Iberian Peninsula]]
-	|{{nts|711|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1492|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|781}} years
-	|Note: cannot be considered a single war
-	|-
-	|[[Russian Civil War]]
-	|{{nts|5000000}}<wbr />{{Citation needed|date=August 2007}}
-	|{{nts|9000000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUScivilwar.htm|title=Russian Civil War|work=Spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk|accessdate=2013-08-23|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205201225/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUScivilwar.htm|archivedate=2010-12-05}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|6708204}}
-	|[[Russia]]
-	|{{nts|1917|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1921|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|5}} years
-	| See also: [[Russian Revolution]], [[List of civil wars]]
-	|-
-	|[[Thirty Years' War]]
-	|{{nts|3000000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://civilianmilitaryintelligencegroup.com/21865/the-thirty-years-war-produced-astonishing-casualties|title=The Thirty Years War Produced Astonishing Casualties|date=August 10, 2016|publisher=Civilian Military Intelligence Group}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|11500000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#30YrW|title=The Thirty Years War (1618–48)|work=Users.erols.com|accessdate=2013-08-23}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|5673870}}
-	|[[Holy Roman Empire]], [[Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1618|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1648|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|30}} years
-	| Initially a [[religious war]] between [[Catholics]] and [[Protestants]], it became a general European political war. It was one of the longest and most destructive conflicts in [[History of Europe|European history]].{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}
-	|-
-	|[[Mughal–Maratha Wars]]
-	|{{nts|5600000}}
-	|{{nts|5600000}}
-	|{{nts|5600000}}
-	|[[India]]
-	|{{nts|1680|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1707|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|27}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Napoleonic Wars]]
-	|{{nts|3500000}}<br />{{Citation needed|date=August 2007}}
-	|{{nts|7000000}}<ref>Charles Esdaile, ''Napoleon's Wars: An International History''.</ref>
-	|{{nts|4949747}}
-	|[[Europe]], [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]], [[Pacific Ocean|Pacific]] and [[Indian Ocean]]
-	|{{nts|1803|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1815|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|13}} years
-	|See also: [[Napoleonic Wars casualties]]
-	|-
-	|[[Yellow Turban Rebellion]]
-	|{{nts|3000000}}<ref name="turban" />
-	|{{nts|7000000}}<ref name="turban">{{cite web|url=http://www.paranormalknowledge.com/articles/mankinds-worst-wars-and-armed-conflicts.html|title=Mankind's Worst Wars and Armed Conflicts|accessdate=December 7, 2010}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|4582576}}
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|184}}
-	|{{nts|205}}
-	|{{nts|22}} years
-	| – Part of the [[Three Kingdoms War]]
-	|-
-	|[[Second Congo War]]
-	|{{nts|2500000}}<ref>Bethany Lacina and Nils Petter Gleditsch, [http://www.eui.eu/Documents/DepartmentsCentres/SPS/Seminars/SeminarsF09/PVSEMF08/LacinaGleditschMonitoringTrendsInGlobalCombatEJP2005.pdf "Monitoring Trends in Global Combat: A New Dataset of Battle Deaths]," ''European Journal of Population'' (2005) 21: 145–66.</ref>
-	|{{nts|5400000}}<ref>[http://www.alertnet.org/thenews/newsdesk/L22802012.htm "Congo war-driven crisis kills 45,000 a month-study"] – ''[[Reuters]]'', 22 Jan 2008.</ref>
-	|{{nts|3674235}}
-	|[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
-	|{{nts|1998|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2003|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|6}} years
-	|-
-	|[[French Wars of Religion]]
-	|{{nts|2000000}}
-	|{{nts|4000000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#Huguenot|title=Huguenot Religious Wars, Catholic vs. Huguenot (1562–1598)|work=Users.erols.com|accessdate=2013-08-23}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|2828427}}
-	|[[France]]
-	|{{nts|1562|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1598|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|37}} years
-	|Largely a [[religious war]] between [[Catholics]] and [[Huguenots]] ([[France|French]] [[Calvinist]] [[Protestants]])
-	|-
-	|[[Indian Rebellion of 1857]]
-	|{{nts|800000}}
-	|{{nts|10000000}}
-	|{{nts|2828427}}
-	|[[India]]
-	|{{nts|1857|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1858|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1}} year
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Hundred Years' War]]
-	|{{nts|2300000}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Landscapes in History|author=Philip Pregill|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0-471-29328-6|date=1999-01-25}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|3300000}}<ref>{{cite book|title=France in the Sixteenth Century|author=Frederic Baumgartner|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|isbn=978-0-312-15856-9|date=1995-11-14}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|2754995}}
-	|[[Western Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1337|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1453|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|116}} years
-	|[[Hundred Years' War (1337–60)|Edwardian War (1337–1360)]], [[Hundred Years' War (1369–89)|Caroline War (1369–1389)]], [[Hundred Years' War (1415–53)|Lancastrian War (1415–1453)]]
-	|-
-	|[[Vietnam War]]
-	|{{nts|966000}}<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hirschman|first1=Charles|last2=Preston|first2=Samuel|last3=Loi|first3=Vu Manh|url=http://faculty.washington.edu/charles/new%20PUBS/A77.pdf|title=Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate|journal=[[Population and Development Review]]|volume=21|issue=4|date=December 1995|pp=783–812}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|3800000}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Obermeyer|first1=Ziad|last2=Murray|first2=Christopher J.L.|last3=Gakidou|first3=Emmanuela|url=http://www.bmj.com/content/336/7659/1482|title=Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme|journal=[[The BMJ]]|volume=336|issue=7659|pages=1482–1486|date=2008-06-26|doi=10.1136/bmj.a137|pmid=18566045|pmc=2440905}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|2383000}}
-	|[[Southeast Asia]]
-	|{{nts|1955|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1975|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|21}} years
-	|[[Cold War]] and [[First Indochina War]]
-	|-
-	|[[Crusades]]
-	|{{nts|1000000}}<ref>John Shertzer Hittell, "A Brief History of Culture" (1874) p.137: "''In the two centuries of this warfare one million persons had been slain...''" [http://users.rcn.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#Crusades cited by White]</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|3000000}}<ref>Robertson, John M., "A Short History of Christianity" (1902) pg. 278. [http://users.rcn.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#Crusades Cited by White]</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|2000000}}
-	|[[Holy Land]], [[Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1095|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1291|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|196}} years
-	| Christian military excursions in the [[Middle East]].
-	|-
-	|[[Nigerian Civil War]]
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|{{nts|3000000}}<wbr />{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
-	|{{nts|2000000}}
-	|[[Nigeria]]
-	|{{nts|1966|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1970|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|4}} years
-	|Ethnic cleansings of the [[Igbo people]] followed by Civil War.
-	|-
-	|[[Mfecane]]
-	|{{nts|1500000}}<ref name="horriblethings" />
-	|{{nts|2000000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historynet.com/wars_conflicts/19_century/3032216.html?page=4&c=y|title=Shaka: Zulu Chieftain|work=Historynet.com|accessdate=2013-08-23|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080209113856/http://www.historynet.com/wars_conflicts/19_century/3032216.html?page=4&c=y|archivedate=2008-02-09}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|1750000}}
-	|[[Southern Africa]]
-	|{{nts|1816|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1828|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|13}} years
-	|[[Ndwandwe–Zulu War]]
-	|-
-	|[[Punic Wars]]
-	|{{nts|1250000}}<ref>Nigel Bagnall., "The Punic Wars", June 23, 2005.</ref>||{{nts|1850000}}
-	|{{nts|1520691}}
-	|[[Mediterranean Sea|Medi&shy;terranean]]
-	|{{ntsh|-264}}264 BC
-	|{{ntsh|-146}}146 BC
-	|{{nts|118}} years
-	| See also: [[Carthage]], [[Roman Republic]]
-	|-
-	|[[Second Sudanese Civil War]]
-	|{{nts|1000000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.refugees.org/news/crisis/sudan.htm|title=Sudan: Nearly 2 million dead as a result of the world's longest running civil war|accessdate=2004-12-10|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041210024759/http://www.refugees.org/news/crisis/sudan.htm|archivedate=2004-12-10}}, U.S. Committee for Refugees, 2001. Archived 10 December 2004 on the [[Internet Archive]]; accessed 10 April 2007</ref>
-	|{{nts|2000000}}
-	|{{nts|1414214}}
-	|[[Sudan]]
-	|{{nts|1983|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2005|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|23}} years
-	|[[First Sudanese Civil War]]
-	|-
-	|[[Qin's wars of unification]]
-	|{{nts|2000000}}
-	|{{nts|2000000}}<ref>{{YouTube|id=jkIcFW7F7LY&t=420s|title=[Documentary] Qin Dynasty (221 – 206 BC) -Terracotta Army 秦兵马俑}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|2000000}}
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{ntsh|-230|format=no}} 230 BC
-	|{{ntsh|-221|format=no}} 221 BC
-	|{{nts|9}} years
-	|See also: [[History of China]]<ref>[[Derk Bodde]], ''China's First Unifier: A Study in the Ch'in Dynasty as Seen in the Life of Li Ssu, 280? – 208 BC'', Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 1967, pp. 5–6.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref>Chris Peers estimates that 1,500,000 were killed before the last campaign in 230–221 BC, ''Warlords of China, 700 BC to AD 1662'', London: Arms and Armour, 1998, pg. 59.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Korean War]]
-	|{{nts|1200000}}<ref name="Lacina/Gleditsch">{{cite journal|last1=Lacina|first1=Bethany|last2=Gleditsch|first2=Nils Petter|url=http://www.bethanylacina.com/LacinaGleditsch_newdata.pdf|title=Monitoring Trends in Global Combat: A New Dataset of Battle Deaths|journal=European Journal of Population|volume=21|issue=2–3|year=2005|p=154|access-date=2018-12-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006175909/http://www.bethanylacina.com/LacinaGleditsch_newdata.pdf|archive-date=2014-10-06|dead-url=yes|df=|doi=10.1007/s10680-005-6851-6}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|1200000}}<ref name="Lacina/Gleditsch" />
-	|{{nts|1200000}}
-	|[[Korean Peninsula]]
-	|{{nts|1950|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1953|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|4}} years
-	| Categorized as part of the [[Cold War]].
-	|-
-	|[[Seven Years' War]]
-	|{{nts|868000}}
-	|{{nts|1400000}}
-	|{{nts|1102361}}
-	|Worldwide
-	|{{nts|1756|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1763|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|7}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Soviet–Afghan War]]
-	|{{nts|600000}}<ref name="whiteafghan">{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/20c1m.htm#Afghanistan|title=Death Tolls for the Major Wars and Atrocities of the Twentieth Century|work=Necrometrics.com|accessdate=September 24, 2012}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|2000000}}<ref name="whiteafghan" /><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|1095445}}
-	|[[Afghanistan]]
-	|{{nts|1980|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1988|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|9}} years
-	| Sometimes categorized as a [[proxy war]] during the [[Cold War]].
-	– Part of the [[War in Afghanistan (1978–present)|War in Afghanistan]]
-	|-
-	|[[Japanese invasions of Korea]]
-	|{{nts|1000000}}<ref>Jones, Geo H., Vol. 23 No. 5, p. 254.</ref>
-	|1,000,000
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|[[Korea]]
-	|{{nts|1592|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1598|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|7}} years
-	|-
-	|[[French Revolutionary Wars]]
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|1,000,000
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|Worldwide
-	|{{nts|1792|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1802|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|10}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Mexican Revolution]]
-	|{{nts|500000}}<ref name="Mexdeaths">{{cite book|last=Buchenau|first=Jürgen|title=Mexico Otherwise: Modern Mexico in the Eyes of Foreign Observers|url=https://books.google.com/?id=kxRMQXQuKYMC&pg=PA146|year=2005|publisher=UNM Press|isbn=0-8263-2313-8|page=285}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|2000000}}<ref name="Mexdeaths" />
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|[[Mexico]], [[United States]]
-	|{{nts|1911|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1920|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|10}} years
-	| Includes [[Pancho Villa]]'s raids and the [[Battle of Columbus (1916)|Columbus Raid]].
-	|-
-	|[[Italian conquest of the Horn of Africa (1924–1940)|Italian conquest of the Horn of Africa]]
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|1,000,000
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|[[Horn of Africa]]
-	|{{nts|1924|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1940|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|16}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Du Wenxiu Rebellion|Panthay Rebellion]]
-	|{{nts|890000}}<wbr />{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|{{nts|943,398}}
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1856|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1873|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|18}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Wars of the Three Kingdoms]]
-	|876,000
-	|876,000
-	|876,000
-	|[[British Isles]]
-	|{{nts|1639|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1651|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|12}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|Conquests of [[Mehmed the Conqueror]]
-	|873,000
-	|873,000
-	|873,000
-	|[[Eastern Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1451|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1481|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|30}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Ethiopian Civil War]]
-	|{{nts|500000}}
-	|{{nts|1500000}}
-	|{{nts|866025}}
-	|[[Ethiopia]]
-	|{{nts|1974|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1991|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|17}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Jewish–Roman wars]]
-	|{{nts|350000}}
-	|{{nts|2000000}}
-	|{{nts|836660}}
-	|[[Roman Empire]]
-	|{{nts|66|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|136|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|70}} years
-	|See also: [[Roman Empire]]
-	|-
-	|[[American Civil War]]
-	|{{nts|650000}}
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|{{nts|800000}}
-	|[[Southeastern United States|South&shy;eastern United States]] and [[Pennsylvania]]
-	|{{nts|1861|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1865|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|4}} years
-	|See also: [[United States]]
-	|-
-	|[[Algerian War]]
-	|{{nts|350000}}
-	|{{nts|1500000}}
-	|{{nts|724569}}
-	|[[Algeria]]
-	|{{nts|1954|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1962|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|7.38}} 7 years, 4 months, 2 weeks, and 4 days
-	|<ref name="Horne 538">{{cite book|first=Alistair|last=Horne|pages=[https://archive.org/details/savagewarofpeace00horn/page/538 538]|title=A Savage War of Peace|isbn=0-670-61964-7|url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarofpeace00horn/page/538}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[War of the Spanish Succession]]
-	|{{nts|400000}}
-	|{{nts|1251000}}
-	|{{nts|707389}}
-	|[[Europe]], [[North America]], [[South America]]
-	|{{nts|1702|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1714|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|12}} years
-	|-
-	|[[Spanish Civil War]]
-	|{{nts|500000}}
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|{{nts|707107}}
-	|[[Spain]]
-	|{{nts|1936|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1939|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|4}} years
-	|-
-	|[[Eighty Years' War]]
-	|{{nts|230000}}
-	|{{nts|2000000}}
-	|{{nts|678233}}
-	|The [[Low Countries]], [[South America]], [[Caribbean Sea]], [[East Asia|East]] and [[Southeast Asia]]
-	|{{nts|1568|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1648|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|80}} years
-	|-
-	|[[Gallic Wars]]
-	|{{nts|400000}}<wbr />{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|{{nts|632445}}
-	|[[France]]
-	|{{ntsh|-58}} 58 BC
-	|{{ntsh|-50}} 50 BC
-	|{{nts|9}} years
-	|See also: [[Roman Empire]]
-	|-
-	|[[Spanish American wars of independence]]
-	|600,000
-	|600,000
-	|600,000
-	|[[Americas]]
-	|{{nts|1808|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1833|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|25}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Paraguayan War]]
-	|{{nts|300000}}<ref>Jurg Meister, Francisco Solano López Nationalheld oder Kriegsverbrecher?, Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag, 1987. 345, 355, 454–55</ref>
-	|{{nts|1200000}}<ref>Another estimate is that from the pre-war population of 1,337,437, the population fell to 221,709 (28,746 men, 106,254 women, 86,079 children) by the end of the war (War and the Breed, David Starr Jordan, pg. 164. Boston, 1915; Applied Genetics, Paul Popenoe, The Macmillan Company, New York, 1918)</ref>
-	|{{nts|600000}}
-	|[[Southern Cone]]
-	|{{nts|1864|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1870|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|7}} years
-	|[[Military history of South America]], [[Francisco Solano López]] and [[Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias]]
-	|-
-	|[[Iran–Iraq War]]
-	|{{nts|289220}}{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|1100000}}{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}
-	|{{nts|564041}}
-	|[[Iran–Iraq border]]
-	|{{nts|1980|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1988|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|8}} years
-	|[[Iran]] claims: 123,220 [[Killed in action|KIA]] + 11,000 civilians
-	[[Iraq]] claims: 105,000 [[Killed in action|KIA]] + 50,000 in [[Halabja chemical attack|Kurdish Genocide]]
-	Others claim 600,000 [[Iranian peoples|Iranians]] killed and 500,000 [[Iraqis]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2019}}
-	|-
-	|[[French invasion of Russia]]
-	|540,000
-	|540,000
-	|540,000
-	|[[Russia]]
-	|{{nts|1812|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1812|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|0.47}} 5 months, 2 weeks and 6 days
-	|– Part of the [[Napoleonic Wars]]
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Syrian Civil War]]
-	|{{nts|500,000}}
-	|{{nts|570,000}}
-	|{{nts|535,000}}
-	|[[Syria]]
-	|{{nts|2011|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{ntsh|7.75}} 8 years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[English Civil War]]
-	|356,000
-	|735,000
-	|511,527
-	|[[England]]
-	|{{nts|1642|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1651|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|9}} years
-	|– Part of the [[Wars of the Three Kingdoms]]
-	|-
-	|[[Angolan Civil War]]
-	|504,158
-	|504,158
-	|504,158
-	|[[Angola]]
-	|{{nts|1975|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2002|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|27}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[First Sudanese Civil War]]
-	|500,000
-	|500,000
-	|500,000
-	|[[Sudan]]
-	|{{nts|1955|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1972|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|17}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[War on Terror]]
-	|{{nts|480000}}<ref name="Crawford 2018">{{cite web|last=Crawford|first=Neta C.|url=https://watson.brown.edu/costsofwar/files/cow/imce/papers/2018/Human%20Costs,%20Nov%208%202018%20CoW.pdf|title=Human Cost of the Post-9/11 Wars: Lethality and the Need for Transparency|publisher=[[Brown University]] [[Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs]]|date=November 2018}}</ref>
-	| {{nts|507000}}<ref name="Crawford 2018"/>
-	|{{nts|493500}}
-	|Worldwide
-	|{{nts|2001|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{ntsh|17.6}} 18 years
-	|Includes [[Iraq War]], [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)]], and [[War in North-West Pakistan]].
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Albigensian Crusade]]
-	|{{nts|200000}}
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|{{nts|447214}}
-	|[[Southern France]]
-	|{{nts|1208|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1229|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|21}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[First Congo War]]
-	|250,000
-	|800,000
-	|447,214
-	|[[Zaire]]
-	|{{nts|1996|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1997|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1}} year
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Maratha invasions of Bengal]]
-	|400,000
-	|400,000
-	|400,000
-	|[[India]]
-	|{{nts|1741|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1751|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|10}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[First Indochina War]]
-	|400,000
-	|400,000
-	|400,000
-	|[[Southeast Asia]]
-	|{{nts|1946|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1954|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|8}} years
-	|Also known as the Indochina War
-	|-
-	|[[Continuation War]]
-	|387,333
-	|387,333
-	|387,333
-	|[[Northern Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1941|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1944|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|3}} years
-	|– Part of [[World War II]]
-	|-
-	|[[Somali Civil War]]
-	|300,000
-	|500,000
-	|387,298
-	|[[Somalia]]
-	|{{nts|1986|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|32}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Crimean War]]
-	|356,000
-	|410,000
-	|382,047
-	|[[Crimea]]
-	|{{nts|1853|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1856|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|3}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Iraq War]]
-	|{{nts|268000}}<ref name="Crawford 2018"/>
-	|{{nts|461000}}<ref name="Hagopian">{{cite journal
-	| last = Hagopian
-	| first = Amy
-	| last2 = Flaxman
-	| first2 = Abraham D.
-	| last3 = Takaro
-	| first3 = Tim K.
-	| last4 = Esa Al Shatari
-	| first4 = Sahar A.
-	| last5 = Rajaratnam
-	| first5 = Julie
-	| last6 = Becker
-	| first6 = Stan
-	| last7 = Levin-Rector
-	| first7 = Alison
-	| last8 = Galway
-	| first8 = Lindsay
-	| last9 = Hadi Al-Yasseri
-	| first9 = Berq J. | last10 = Weiss | first10 = William M.
-	| last11 = Murray
-	| first11 = Christopher J.
-	| last12 = Burnham
-	| first12 = Gilbert
-	| last13 = Mills
-	| first13 = Edward J.
-	| title = Mortality in Iraq Associated with the 2003–2011 War and Occupation: Findings from a National Cluster Sample Survey by the University Collaborative Iraq Mortality Study
-	| journal = [[PLOS Medicine]]
-	| date = October 15, 2013
-	| volume = 10
-	| issue = 10
-	| doi = 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001533
-	| pages = e1001533
-	| pmid = 24143140
-	| pmc = 3797136
-	}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|364500}}
-	|[[Iraq]]
-	|{{nts|2003|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2011|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|8}} years
-	|See also: [[Casualties of the Iraq War]]
-	– Part of the [[War on Terror]]
-	|-
-	|[[Cuban War of Independence]]
-	|362,000
-	|362,000
-	|362,000
-	|[[Cuba]]
-	|{{nts|1895|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1898|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|3}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Great Northern War]]
-	|350,000
-	|350,000
-	|350,000
-	|[[Northern Europe|Northern]] and [[Eastern Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1700|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1721|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|21}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Italian Wars]]
-	|300,000
-	|400,000
-	|346,410
-	|[[Southern Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1494|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1559|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|65}} years
-	|Also known as the Great Wars of Italy
-	|-
-	|[[French conquest of Algeria]]
-	|300,000
-	|300,000
-	|300,000
-	|[[Algeria]]
-	|{{nts|1829|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1847|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|18}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Burundian Civil War]]
-	|300,000
-	|300,000
-	|300,000
-	|[[Burundi]]
-	|{{nts|1993|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2005|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|12}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[War in Darfur]]
-	|178,258
-	|461,520
-	|286,827
-	|[[Sudan]]
-	|{{nts|2003|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|15}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Bangladesh Liberation War]]
-	|{{nts|26000}}
-	|{{nts|3000000}}
-	|{{nts|279285}}
-	|[[East Pakistan]]
-	|{{nts|1971|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1971|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1}} year
-	|See also: [[1971 Bangladesh genocide#Estimated killed|Bangladeshi Genocide casualties]]
-	|-
-	|[[Second Italo-Ethiopian War]]
-	|278,350
-	|278,350
-	|278,350
-	|[[Ethiopia]]
-	|{{nts|1935|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1936|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1}} year
-	|Also known as the Second Italo–Abyssinian War
-	|-
-	|[[Papua conflict]]
-	|150,000
-	|400,000
-	|244,949
-	|[[New Guinea]]
-	|{{nts|1963|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|55}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Ten Years' War]]
-	|241,000
-	|241,000
-	|241,000
-	|[[Cuba]]
-	|{{nts|1868|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1878|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|10}} years
-	|Also known as the Great War
-	|-
-	|[[Philippine–American War]]
-	|234,000
-	|234,000
-	|234,000
-	|[[Philippines]]
-	|{{nts|1899|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1912|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|13}} years
-	|Also known as the Philippine War
-	|-
-	|[[Venezuelan War of Independence]]
-	|228,000
-	|228,000
-	|228,000
-	|[[Venezuela]]
-	|{{nts|1810|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1823|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|13}} years
-	|– Part of the [[Spanish American wars of independence|Spanish American Wars of Independence]]
-	|-
-	|[[Ugandan Bush War]]
-	|100,000
-	|500,000
-	|223,607
-	|[[Uganda]]
-	|{{nts|1981|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1986|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|5}} years
-	|Also known as the Luwero War
-	|-
-	|[[Lord's Resistance Army insurgency]]
-	|100,000
-	|500,000
-	|223,607
-	|[[Central Africa]]
-	|{{nts|1987|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|31}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Franco-Dutch War]]
-	|220,000
-	|220,000
-	|220,000
-	|[[Western Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1672|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1678|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|6}} years
-	|Also known as the Dutch War
-	|-
-	|[[Colombian conflict]]
-	|220,000
-	|220,000
-	|220,000
-	|[[Colombia]]
-	|{{nts|1964|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|54}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Iraqi–Kurdish conflict|Iraqi-Kurdish conflict]]
-	|138,800
-	|320,100
-	|210,784
-	|[[Iraq]]
-	|{{nts|1918|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2003|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|85}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[List of campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent|Campaigns of Suleiman the Magnificent]]
-	|200,000
-	|200,000
-	|200,000
-	|[[Eastern Europe]], [[Middle East]] and [[North Africa]]
-	|{{nts|1521|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1566|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|25}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)]]
-	|200,000
-	|200,000
-	|200,000
-	|[[Western Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1635|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1659|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|24}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Carlist Wars]]
-	|200,000
-	|200,000
-	|200,000
-	|[[Spain]]
-	|{{nts|1820|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1876|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|56}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[La Violencia]]
-	|192,700
-	|194,700
-	|193,697
-	|[[Colombia]]
-	|{{nts|1948|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1958|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|10}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Internal conflict in Myanmar]]
-	|130,000
-	|250,000
-	|180,278
-	|[[Myanmar]]
-	|{{nts|1948|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|70}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Kalinga War]]
-	|{{nts|150,000}}
-	|{{nts|200,000}}
-	|{{nts|173,205}}
-	|[[India]]
-	|{{ntsh|-262|format=no}} 262 BC
-	|{{ntsh|-261|format=no}} 261 BC
-	|{{nts|2}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Winter War]]
-	|153,736
-	|194,837
-	|173,071
-	|[[Finland]]
-	|{{nts|1939|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1940|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1}} year
-	|– Part of [[World War II]]
-	|-
-	|[[Greek Civil War]]
-	|158,000
-	|158,000
-	|158,000
-	|[[Greece]]
-	|{{nts|1946|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1949|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|3}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[North Yemen Civil War]]
-	|100,000
-	|200,000
-	|141,421
-	|[[Yemen]]
-	|{{nts|1962|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1970|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|8}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[1991 uprisings in Iraq|1991 Iraqi uprisings in Iraq]]
-	|85,000
-	|235,000
-	|141,333
-	|[[Iraq]]
-	|{{nts|1991|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1991|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|0.09}} 1 month and 4 days
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Balkan Wars]]
-	|140,000
-	|140,000
-	|140,000
-	|[[Balkans]]
-	|{{nts|1912|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1913|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1}} year
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)]]
-	|138,285
-	|138,285
-	|138,285
-	|[[Europe]] and [[Americas]]
-	|{{nts|1585|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1604|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|19}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Saint-Domingue expedition|Saint-Domingue Expedition]]
-	|135,000
-	|135,000
-	|135,000
-	|[[Haiti]]
-	|{{nts|1802|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1803|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1}} year
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Yugoslav Wars]]
-	|130,000
-	|140,000
-	|134,907
-	|[[Balkans]]
-	|{{nts|1991|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2001|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|10}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Lebanese Civil War]]
-	|120,000
-	|150,000
-	|134,164
-	|[[Lebanon]]
-	|{{nts|1975|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1990|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|15}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Sierra Leone Civil War]]
-	|50,000
-	|300,000
-	|122,474
-	|[[Sierra Leone]]
-	|{{nts|1991|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2002|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|11}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Great Turkish War]]
-	|120,000
-	|120,000
-	|120,000
-	|[[Eastern Europe]]
-	|{{nts|1683|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1699|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|16}} years
-	|Also known as the War of the Holy League
-	|-
-	|[[Thousand Days' War|Thousand Days War]]
-	|120,000
-	|120,000
-	|120,000
-	|[[Colombia]]
-	|{{nts|1899|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1902|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|3}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Moro conflict]]
-	|120,000
-	|120,000
-	|120,000
-	|[[Philippines]]
-	|{{nts|1969|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|49}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Arab–Israeli conflict]]
-	|116,074
-	|116,074
-	|116,074
-	|[[Middle East]]
-	|{{nts|1948|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|70}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Mexican Drug War]]
-	|106,800
-	|106,800
-	|106,800
-	|[[Mexico]]
-	|{{nts|2006|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|12}} years
-	|Also known as the Mexican War on Drugs
-	|-
-	|[[Aceh War]]
-	|97,000
-	|107,000
-	|101,877
-	|[[Indonesia]]
-	|{{nts|1873|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1914|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|41}} years
-	|Also known as the Infidel War
-	|-
-	|[[Bosnian War]]
-	|97,214
-	|104,732
-	|100,903
-	|[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
-	|{{nts|1991|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1995|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|4}} years
-	|– Part of the [[Yugoslav Wars]]
-	|-
-	|[[German Peasants' War]]
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|[[Germany]]
-	|{{nts|1524|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1525|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1}} year
-	|Also known as the Great Peasants' War
-	|-
-	|[[Kurdish rebellions in Turkey]]
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|[[Middle East]]
-	|{{nts|1921|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|97}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Congo Crisis]]
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|[[Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville)|Republic of the Congo]]
-	|{{nts|1960|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1965|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|5}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Insurgency in Laos]]
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|[[Laos]]
-	|{{nts|1975|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2007|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|32}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Kivu conflict|Kivu Conflict]]
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|100,000
-	|[[Democratic Republic of the Congo]]
-	|{{nts|2004|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|14}} years
-	|– Part of the [[Second Congo War]]
-	|-
-	|[[Kashmir Conflict]]
-	|80,000
-	|110,000
-	|93,808
-	|[[North India]], [[Pakistan]]
-	|{{nts|1947|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|2019|format=no}} Present
-	|{{nts|71}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Algerian Civil War]]
-	|44,000
-	|200,000
-	|93,808
-	|[[Algeria]]
-	|{{nts|1991|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2002|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|11}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Angolan War of Independence]]
-	|82,991
-	|102,991
-	|92,452
-	|[[Angola]]
-	|{{nts|1961|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1974|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|13}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Sri Lankan Civil War]]
-	|80,000
-	|100,000
-	|89,443
-	|[[Sri Lanka]]
-	|{{nts|1983|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2009|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|26}} years
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Indian annexation of Hyderabad]]
-	|29,212
-	|242,212
-	|84,116
-	|[[India]]
-	|{{nts|1948|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1948|format=no}}
-	|{{ntsh|0.01}} 5 days
-	|Also known as Operation Polo
-	|}
-
-	== War crimes, massacres and ancient war atrocities ==
-	''This section lists non-combatant deaths during wars that were committed or caused by military or quasi-military forces. They may not particularly target ethnic, religious, or political groups but are usually part of a military strategy that disregards civilian lives, or they may be arbitrary acts of cruelty.''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-
-	{| class="sortable wikitable" style="width:100%;"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! style="width:7%;" | Event
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! style="width:7%;" data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geometric mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />!! style="width:5%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until
-	!Duration!! width="50%" data-sort-type="number" | Notes
-	|-
-	||War crimes during [[World War II]]
-	||{{nts|29000000}}
-	||{{nts|30500000}}
-	||{{nts|29074054}}
-	||Worldwide
-	||1939
-	||1945
-	|6 years
-	||See also: [[World War II casualties]].
-	|-
-	||[[Japanese war crimes]]
-	||{{nts|3000000}}<ref name="Rummell, Statistics">{{cite web|url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.CHAP3.HTM|title=Rummell, ''Statistics''|publisher=Hawaii.edu|accessdate=2013-07-21}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|14000000}}<ref name="educationforum.ipbhost.com">{{cite news|url=http://educationforum.ipbhost.com/index.php?showtopic=9196|title=Sterling and Peggy Seagrave: Gold Warriors}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|6480741}}
-	||In and around East and South East [[Asia]], [[Oceania]] and the Pacific
-	||1937
-	||1945
-	|8 years
-	||Japanese [[war crimes]] occurred in many Asian and Pacific countries during the period of [[Japanese militarism|Japanese imperialism]], primarily during the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] and [[World War II]]. These incidents have also been described as an Asian Holocaust<ref name="nyt-1999">{{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B05E6DB153FF934A35750C0A96F958260|title=The World: Revisiting World War II Atrocities; Comparing the Unspeakable to the Unthinkable|last=Blumenthal|first=Ralph|date=March 7, 1999|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=2008-07-26}}</ref> and Japanese war atrocities.<ref name="bbc-1997">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/low/in_depth/39166.stm|title=Scarred by history: The Rape of Nanking|date=1997-12-13|accessdate=2013-07-21|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref name="nyt-1992">{{cite news|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE1D81439F931A15753C1A964958260|title=Japanese Edgy Over Emperor's Visit to China|last=Sanger|first=David|date=October 22, 1992|work=The New York Times|accessdate=2008-07-26}}</ref><ref name="archives.gov">{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/iwg/japanese-war-crimes/introductory-essays.pdf|title=Archived copy|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190336/http://www.archives.gov/iwg/japanese-war-crimes/introductory-essays.pdf|archivedate=2016-03-03|deadurl=yes|accessdate=2008-07-01}}</ref> Some war crimes were committed by [[military personnel]] from the [[Empire of Japan]] in the late 19th century, although most took place during the first part of the ''[[Shōwa period|Shōwa Era]]'', the name given to the reign of Emperor [[Hirohito]], until the [[Surrender of Japan|surrender]] of the Empire of Japan, in 1945.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Three Alls Policy]]
-	||{{nts|2700000}}
-	||{{nts|2700000}}
-	||{{nts|2700000}}
-	||[[China]]
-	||1940
-	||1942
-	|2 years
-	||In a study published in 1996, historian Mitsuyoshi Himeta claims that the Three Alls Policy, a scorched earth policy implemented by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]] on China, sanctioned by [[Emperor Hirohito]] himself, was both directly and indirectly responsible for the deaths of "more than 2.7 million" Chinese civilians.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Chinese Civil War]]
-	||{{nts|1800000}}
-	||{{nts|3500000}}<ref name=":8">Valentino, Benjamin A. ''Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the Twentieth Century'', Cornell University Press, page 88, December 8, 2005.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|2509980}}
-	||[[China]]
-	||1927
-	||1950
-	|23 years
-	||During the war, both Nationalists and Communists carried out mass atrocities, with millions of non-combatants deliberately killed by both sides.<ref name=":9">Rummel, Rudolph (1994), ''Death by Government''.<!-- publisher, ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[First Sudanese Civil War|First]] and [[Second Sudanese Civil War]]s
-	||{{nts|2000000}}
-	||{{nts|2000000}}
-	||{{nts|2000000}}
-	||[[Sudan]]
-	||1956
-	||2005
-	|49 years
-	||<ref name=":10">{{cite web|url=http://www.gpanet.org/content/genocides-politicides-and-other-mass-murder-1945-stages-2008|title=Genocides, Politicides, and Other Mass Murder Since 1945, With Stages in 2008|website=gpanet.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107203649/http://www.gpanet.org/content/genocides-politicides-and-other-mass-murder-1945-stages-2008|archive-date=2017-11-07|dead-url=yes|accessdate=August 2, 2018|df=}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Soviet–Afghan War#Destruction in Afghanistan|Soviet–Afghan War]]
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||{{nts|2000000}}
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||[[Afghanistan]]
-	||1979
-	||1989
-	|10 years
-	||Some refer to the mass murder of civilians during the Soviet Invasion as a [[genocide]], however those killed were on the basis of political alignment making it a [[politicide]].
-	<ref name="Khalidi">Noor Ahmad Khalidi, [http://www.nonel.pu.ru/erdferkel/khalidi.pdf "Afghanistan: Demographic Consequences of War: 1978–87,"] ''Central Asian Survey'', vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 101–126, 1991.</ref><ref name="Sliwinski">Marek Sliwiński, "Afghanistan: The Decimation of a People", ''Orbis'' (Winter, 1989), pg. 39.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes of [[Zhang Xianzhong]]
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||{{nts|1000000}}<ref name=":11">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VA5tKw11K8YC&pg=PA379|title=China: A Cultural and Historical Dictionary|last=Dillon|first=Michael|publisher=Routledge|year=1998|isbn=978-0-7007-0439-2|page=379}} from J.B. Parsons, The Peasant Rebellions of the Late Ming Dynasty (University of Arizona Press), 1970.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||[[Sichuan]], [[China]]
-	||1644
-	||1646
-	|2 years
-	||Committed during a bloody peasant revolt that massacred a large portion of [[Sichuan]]'s population.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||War crimes during [[Warlord Era|Warlord Era China]]
-	||{{nts|910000}}
-	||{{nts|910000}}
-	||{{nts|910000}}
-	||[[China]]
-	||1900
-	||1927
-	|27 years
-	||<ref name=":12">{{cite web|url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/CHINA.CHAP1.HTM|title=CHINA'S BLOODY CENTURY|last1=R.J. Rummel}}<!-- publisher, year needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Italian conquest of the Horn of Africa (1924–1940)|Second Italo-Ethiopian War]]
-	||{{nts|62000}}<ref name="mussoeth">{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/20c300K.htm#Eth35|title=Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls|website=necrometrics.com}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|485000}}<ref name="mussoeth" /><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|173407}}
-	||[[Ethiopia]]
-	||1935
-	||1941
-	|6 years
-	|Angelo Del Boca, ''The Ethiopian War 1935–1941'' (1965), cites a 1945 memorandum from Ethiopia to the Conference of Prime Ministers, which tallies 760,300 natives dead; of them: battle deaths: 275,000, hunger among refugees: 300,000, patriots killed during occupation: 78,500, concentration camps: 35,000, Feb. 1937 massacre: 30,000, executions: 24,000, civilians killed by air force: 17,800.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Mongol Empire|Mongol]] sacking after the [[Siege of Baghdad (1258)]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}<ref name=":13">Andre Wink, ''Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World'', Vol 2 (Brill, 2002), pg. 13. {{Subscription required|via=[[Questia]]}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|2000000}}<ref name=":14">''The different aspects of Islamic culture: Science and technology in Islam'', Vol.4, Ed. A. Y. Al-Hassan, (Dergham sarl, 2001), pg. 655.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|632456}}
-	||[[Baghdad]]
-	||January 29, 1258
-	||February 10, 1258
-	|12 days
-	||Mass slaughter of civilians by the [[Mongols]] in [[Baghdad]]. Considered to be the end of the "[[Islamic Golden Age]]."
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Angolan Civil War]]
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||[[Angola]]
-	||1975
-	||2002
-	|27 years
-	||The 27-year war can be divided roughly into three periods of major fighting – 1975–91, 1992–94, and 1998 to 2002 – broken up by fragile periods of peace. By the time the MPLA achieved victory in 2002, more than 500,000 people had died and over one million had been [[internally displaced]]. The war devastated Angola's infrastructure, and severely damaged the nation's public administration, economic enterprises, and religious institutions.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Biological warfare]] and human experimentation by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]] during [[World War II]]
-	||{{Nts|400000}}
-	||{{nts|580000}}<ref>{{Cite book|title=A plague upon humanity : the secret genocide of Axis Japan's germ warfare operation|last=Barenblatt|first=Daniel|date=2004|publisher=HarperCollins Publishers|isbn=0060186259|edition= 1st|location=New York|pages=xii, 173|oclc=52348888}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|481664}}|| Parts of [[Russia]] and [[China]] especially [[Manchuria]]
-	|| 1931
-	|1945
-	|| 14 years
-	|See also: [[Unit 731]] and the [[Japanese war crimes#Human experimentation and biological warfare|Asian Holocaust]].
-	|-
-	|| War crimes during the [[Maratha invasions of Bengal]]
-	||{{nts|400000}}<ref name="Marshall73">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lIZrfokYSY8C&pg=PA73|title=Bengal: The British Bridgehead: Eastern India 1740–1828|author=P. J. Marshall|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2006|isbn=978-0-521-02822-6|page=73|author-link=P. J. Marshall}}</ref><ref name="Chaudhuri253">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=9xt7Fgzq9e8C&pg=PA253|title=The Trading World of Asia and the English East India Company: 1660-1760|author=Kirti N. Chaudhuri|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|year=2006|isbn=978-0-521-03159-2|page=253|author-link=Kirti N. Chaudhuri}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|400000}}<ref name="Marshall73" /><ref name="Chaudhuri253" />
-	||{{nts|400000}}
-	||[[Bengal]] and [[Bihar]] regions of [[Indian subcontinent]]
-	|| 1741
-	|| 1751
-	|10 years
-	||[[Maratha Empire]] invaded [[Bengal Subah]], occupied the western Bengal and Bihar regions, and perpetrated atrocities against the local population.<ref name="Marshall73" /><ref name="Chaudhuri253" />
-	|-
-	||War crimes during [[La Violencia]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}<ref name="Bailey, 1967">{{cite journal|last=Bailey|first=Norman A.|author-link=Norman Bailey (government official)|year=1967|title=La Violencia in Colombia|journal=Journal of Inter-American Studies|publisher=Center for Latin American Studies at the University of Miami|volume=9|issue=4|pages=561–75|doi=10.2307/164860|jstor=164860}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|300000}}<ref name="Bailey, 1967" />
-	||{{nts|244949}}
-	||[[Colombia]]
-	||1948
-	||1958
-	|10 years
-	||
-	[[La Violencia]] was a ten-year period of [[civil war]] and violence in [[Colombia]] from 1948–58, between the [[Colombian Conservative Party]] and the [[Colombian Liberal Party]], fought mainly in the rural countryside.<br />Death toll may include non-civilian victims.
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Philippine–American War]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|250000}}
-	||{{nts|223607}}
-	||[[Philippines]]
-	||1899
-	||1902
-	|3 years
-	||<ref name="reCasualties">{{citation|author=Guillermo, Emil|title=A first taste of empire|date=February 8, 2004|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1683&dat=20040208&id=gbIaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=GEUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=5222,6070988|journal=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|page=3J}}</ref><ref name="Smallman-Raynor">{{Harvnb|Smallman-Raynor|1998}}</ref><ref name="burdeos2008p14casualties">{{Harvnb|Burdeos|2008|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=tN__4jLTnd8C&pg=PA14 14]}}</ref>{{efn|While there are many estimates for civilian deaths, with some even going well over a million for the war, modern historians generally place the death toll between 200,000 and 250,000; see "Casualties".}}
-	|-
-	|[[Manila Massacre]]||{{nts|100,000}}||{{nts|500,000}}
-	||{{nts|223607}}||[[Manila, Philippines]]||{{nts|1945|format=no}}||{{nts|1945|format=no}}
-	|1 month||<ref name=":17">{{cite web|url=http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/battles.htm#Manila|title=Death Tolls for the Man-made Megadeaths of the 20th Century|last=White|first=Matthew|accessdate=2007-08-01}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}<ref name=":18">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jKsbAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA288|title=Nein|author=Hodieb Khalifa|publisher=American Book Publishing Group|year=2013|isbn=978-1-938759-18-5|page=288}}</ref><ref name=":19">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G5WHAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA35|title=Within a Presumption of Godlessness|last1=Dauria|first1=Tom|publisher=Archway Publishing|year=2014|isbn=978-1-4808-0420-3|page=35}}</ref><ref name=":20">{{cite web|url=http://battleofmanila.org/Huber/htm/huber_06.htm|title=Battle of Manila|website=battleofmanila.org}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Colombian conflict]]
-	||{{nts|177307}}
-	||177,307
-	||{{nts|177307}}
-	||[[Colombia]]
-	||1964
-	||present
-	|54 years
-	||<ref name=":21">{{cite web|url=http://www.centrodememoriahistorica.gov.co/micrositios/informeGeneral/estadisticas.html|title=Estadísticas del conflicto armado en Colombia|accessdate=March 4, 2018}}</ref>
-	|-
-	| War crimes during the [[War in the Vendée]]||{{nts|100000}}<ref name=":23">Donald Greer, ''The Terror, a Statistical Interpretation'', [[Cambridge (Massachusetts)|Cambridge]] (1935)</ref><ref name="Sechervendee">Reynald Secher, ''La Vendée-Vengé, le Génocide franco-français'' (1986)</ref>||{{nts|250000}}<ref name=":24">Jean-Clément Martin, ''La Vendée et la France'', Éditions du Seuil, collection Points, 1987 ''he gives the highest estimate of the civil war, including republican losses and premature death. However, he does not consider it as a genocide.''</ref><ref name=":25">Jacques Hussenet (dir.), ''"Détruisez la Vendée! "Regards croisés sur les victimes et destructions de la guerre de Vendée'', La Roche-sur-Yon, Centre vendéen de recherches historiques, 2007, p.148.</ref>
-	||{{nts|158114}}||[[France]] during the [[French Revolution]]||{{nts|1793|format=no}}||{{nts|1796|format=no}}
-	|3 years|| Described as genocide by some historians,<ref name="Sechervendee" /> but this claim has been widely discounted.<ref name="Gough">{{cite journal|last=Gough|first=Hugh|date=December 1987|title=Genocide and the Bicentenary: The French Revolution and the Revenge of the Vendee|journal=The Historical Journal|volume=30|issue=4|pages=977–988|jstor=2639130|doi=10.1017/S0018246X00022433}}</ref> See also: [[French Revolution]].
-	|-
-	||[[List of Islamist terrorist attacks|Islamist terrorism]]
-	||{{nts|125000}}<ref name=":26">{{Cite web|url=https://www1.cbn.com/hurdontheweb-17|title=Grim Tally: Muslim Terrorists Kill 125,000 Since 9/11|date=2014-07-15|website=CBN.com - The Christian Broadcasting Network|language=en|access-date=2019-07-29}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|203865}}<ref name=":27">{{cite web|url=http://public.tableau.com/static/images/Is/IslamicViolence_0/Overview/1_rss.png|title=Map|website=public.tableau.com}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|164433}}
-	||Worldwide
-	||2001
-	||present
-	|17 years
-	||Death toll depends on how terrorist attack is defined.
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[First Chechen War|First]] and [[Second Chechen War]]s
-	||{{nts|55000}}
-	||{{nts|330000}}
-	||{{nts|134722}}
-	||[[Chechnya]]
-	||1994
-	||2009
-	|15 years
-	||<ref name=":28">''[https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/eur46/015/2007/en/ What justice for Chechnya's disappeared?] '', AI Index: EUR 46/015/2007, 23 May 2007.</ref><ref name="chechenlosses">{{cite web|url=http://www.polit.ru/article/2004/02/19/kniga_chisel|title=Book of Numbers, Book of Losses, Book of the Final Judgment|last1=Cherkasov|first1=Alexander|website=Polit.ru|accessdate=2 January 2016}}</ref><ref name=":29">{{cite web|url=https://groups.yahoo.com/group/chechnya-sl/message/45015|title=Yahoo! Groups|website=groups.yahoo.com}}</ref><ref name=":30">[http://www.lifestyleextra.com/ShowStory.asp?story=QO2631422I&news_headline=chechen_leader_says_spy_died_a_hero Chechen leader says spy 'died a hero'] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225225427/http://www.lifestyleextra.com/ShowStory.asp?story=QO2631422I&news_headline=chechen_leader_says_spy_died_a_hero|date=2008-02-25}}, ''[[Life Style Extra]]'', 27 November 2006.</ref>
-	<ref name=":31">{{cite web|url=http://www.mosnews.com/news/2004/11/19/civiliandeath.shtml|title=Over 200,000 Killed in Chechnya Since 1994&nbsp;— Pro-Moscow Official – NE...|date=20 November 2004|publisher=mosnews.com|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20041120124031/http://www.mosnews.com/news/2004/11/19/civiliandeath.shtml|archivedate=20 November 2004|deadurl=yes}}</ref><ref name="hrvc">[https://web.archive.org/web/20070821154629/http://www.hrvc.net/htmls/references.htm Civil and military casualties of the wars in Chechnya] [[Russian-Chechen Friendship Society]], 2003.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Iran–Iraq War]]
-	||{{nts|61000}}
-	||{{nts|282000}}
-	||{{nts|131156}}
-	||[[Iran]] and [[Ba'athist Iraq|Iraq]]
-	||1980
-	||1988
-	|8 years
-	||11,000 to 100,000<ref name="r.j.rummel">{{cite web|url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB15.1D.GIF|title=Lesser Murdering States, Quasi-States, and Groups: Estimates, Sources, and Calculations|author=Rumel, Rudolph|work=Power Kills|publisher=University of Hawai'i}}</ref> civilians killed on both sides, plus 50 to 182 killed in [[Iraqi–Kurdish conflict#Kurdish rebellion during the Iran–Iraq War (1980–1988)|Kurdish Genocide]].
-	|-
-	||War crimes committed by [[South Vietnam]] during the [[Ngo Dinh Diem|Diem]] era and [[Vietnam War]]
-	||{{nts|57000}}
-	||{{nts|284000}}
-	||{{nts|127232}}
-	||[[Vietnam]]
-	||1954
-	||1975
-	|21 years
-	||<ref name="Rummel, Rudolph 1997">Rummel, Rudolph, "Statistics of Vietnamese Democide", ''Statistics of Democide'', 1997.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Syrian Civil War]]
-	||{{nts|106390}}
-	||110,218
-	||{{nts|108287}}
-	||[[Syria]]
-	||2011
-	||present
-	|7 years
-	||See also: [[List of massacres during the Syrian Civil War]]
-	|-
-	||War crimes of the [[Viet Cong]]
-	||{{nts|36725}}<ref name="Lewy">{{cite book|authorlink=Guenter Lewy|last=Lewy|first=Guenter|title=America in Vietnam|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]|year=1980|isbn=9780199874231|p=272|title-link=America in Vietnam}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|227000}}<ref name="Statistics of Vietnamese Democide">Rummel, Rudolph (1997), [http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.CHAP6.HTM Statistics of Vietnamese Democide], in his ''Statistics of Democide'', Table 6.1A, line 467 & Table 6.1B, lines 675, 730, 749–51.</ref>
-	||{{nts|91305}}
-	||[[Vietnam]]
-	||1955
-	||1975
-	|20 years
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Pacification of Libya|Second Italo-Senussi War]]
-	||{{nts|80000}}
-	||{{nts|125000}}
-	|{{nts|100000}}
-	||[[Libya]]
-	||1923
-	||1932
-	|9 years
-	||Specific war crimes alleged to have been committed by the Italian armed forces against civilians include deliberate bombing of civilians, killing unarmed children, women, and the elderly; rape and disembowelment of women; throwing prisoners out of aircraft to their death, running over others with tanks, regular daily executions of civilians in some areas, and bombing tribal villages with mustard gas bombs, beginning in 1930.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||War crimes of the [[Lord's Resistance Army]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||[[Uganda]], [[Central African Republic]], and the [[Democratic Republic of Congo]]
-	||1986
-	||2009
-	|23 years
-	||''[[The Guardian]]'' reported in 2015 that Kony's forces had been responsible for the deaths of over 100,000 people and the kidnapping of at least 60,000 children. Various atrocities committed include raping young girls and abducting them for use as sex slaves.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||War crimes of the [[National Islamic Front]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||[[Sudan]]
-	||1964
-	||1999
-	|35 years
-	||Alleged human rights abuses by the NIF regime included war crimes, ethnic cleansing, a revival of slavery, torture of opponents, and an unprecedented number of refugees fleeing into Uganda, Kenya, Eritrea, Egypt, Europe and North America.<ref name="jstor">{{cite journal|last1=Fluehr-Lobban|first1=Carolyn|last2=Lobban|first2=Richard|date=Spring 2001|title=THE SUDAN SINCE 1989: NATIONAL ISLAMIC FRONT RULE|journal=Arab Studies Quarterly|volume=23|issue=2|pages=1–9|jstor=41858370}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Papua conflict]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}<ref name=":32">{{cite web|url=http://sydney.edu.au/news/84.html?newsstoryid=651|title=Report claims secret genocide in Indonesia|last=Gawler|first=Virginia|date=19 August 2005|publisher=University of Sydney|accessdate=27 March 2016}}<br />"WestPapuaFinal">{{cite web|url=http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/Intellectual_Life/West_Papua_final_report.pdf|title=Indonesian Human Rights Abuses in West Papua: Application of the Law of Genocide to the History of Indonesian Control|last1=Brundige|first1=Elizabeth|last2=King|first2=Winter|date=April 2004|publisher=Yale Law School|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227145157/http://www.law.yale.edu/documents/pdf/Intellectual_Life/West_Papua_final_report.pdf|archivedate=27 February 2009|deadurl=yes|last3=Vahali|first3=Priyneha|last4=Vladeck|first4=Stephen|last5=Yuan|first5=Xiang}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|100000}}<ref name=":33">{{cite book|url=http://wpik.org/Src/WestPapuaGenocideRpt.05.pdf|title=Genocide in West Papua?: The role of the Indonesian state apparatus and a current needs assessment of the Papuan people|last1=Wing|first1=John|last2=King|first2=Peter|date=August 2005|publisher=West Papua Project|isbn=0-9752391-7-1|location=Sydney|accessdate=27 March 2016}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||[[West Papua (region)|West Papua]]
-	||1963
-	||present
-	|55 years
-	||Since [[Indonesia]] has taken control of [[West Papua (region)|West Papua]] in 1963, the population of West Papua has recorded more than 100,000 unnatural deaths. The administration of West Papua has been called a [[police state]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	|War crimes during the [[Kashmir conflict|Kashmir Conflict]]
-	|{{nts|47,000}}<ref name=":34">{{Cite news|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/idINIndia-36624520081121|title=India revises Kashmir death toll to 47,000|last=Editorial|first=Reuters|access-date=2016-08-28|newspaper=Reuters|date=2008-11-21}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|100,000}}<ref name=":35">{{Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/INDIA937.PDF|title=The Human Rights Crisis in Kashmir|publisher=Human Rights Watch|access-date=August 2, 2018}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|68556}}
-	|[[Jammu and Kashmir|Jammu and Kashmir, India]]
-	|1947
-	|present
-	|71 years
-	|See also: [[Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir|Human Rights Abuses in Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir]], [[List of massacres in Jammu and Kashmir]]
-	|-
-	||[[Nanking Massacre|The Rape of Nanking]]
-	||{{nts|13000}}<ref name="Yoshiaki Itakura 1999">Yoshiaki Itakura, ''本当はこうだった南京事件'' (Tokyo: Nihon Tosho Kankokai, 1999), 11.</ref><br />(all victims)<br />{{nts|5000}}<ref name="Yoshiaki Itakura 1999" /><br />(Civilian massacre victims)
-	||{{nts|400000}}<ref name="People's Daily">{{cite news|url=http://en.people.cn/200007/26/eng20000726_46497.html|title=400,000 People Killed in Nanjing Massacre: Expert|date=July 26, 2000|newspaper=People's Daily}}</ref><br />(all victims)<br />{{nts|100000}}<ref name="Nanking 2000">[[Masaaki Tanaka]], ''What Really Happened In Nanking: The Refutation of a Common Myth'' (Tokyo: Sekai Shuppan, 2000), pg. 64.</ref><br />(Civilian massacre victims)
-	||{{nts|72111}}<br />(all victims)<br />{{nts|22361}}<br />(Civilian massacre victims)
-	||[[Nanking]], [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|China]]
-	||{{nts|1937|format=no}}
-	||{{nts|1938|format=no}}
-	|1 year
-	|| The [[Nanking Massacre]], commonly known as the Rape of Nanking, was a war crime committed by the Japanese military in Nanjing, then capital of the Republic of China, after it fell to the Imperial Japanese Army on 13 December 1937.<br />See: [[Death toll of the Nanking Massacre]].
-	|-
-	| War crimes during the [[Internal conflict in Peru]]||{{nts|61007}}<ref name=":36">{{cite web|url=http://www.cverdad.org.pe/ifinal/pdf/Tomo%20-%20ANEXOS/ANEXO%202.pdf|title=Informe final. Anexo 2: ¿CUÁNTOS PERUANOS MURIERON? (2003)|publisher=Comisión de la Verdad y la Reconciliación|language=es|accessdate=2 August 2018}}</ref> <sup>[see notes]</sup>||{{nts|77552}}<sup>[see notes]</sup>
-	||{{nts|68784}}<sup>[see notes]</sup>||[[Peru]]||{{nts|1980|format=no}}||{{nts|2000|format=no}}
-	|20 years||In the late 20th century, the Peruvian government (armed forces and civil ''rondas'') fought against communist terrorists in Peru. The principal actors in the war were the [[Communist Party of Peru]] or "Shining Path" and the government of Peru; the [[Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement]] was also involved and other paramilitary entities. [[Truth and Reconciliation Commission (Peru)|Peru's Truth and Reconciliation Commission]] reached a figure of approx. 68,784 deaths and disappearances, of which 54% were ascribed to Shining Path, 1.5% to Tupac Amaru and 37% to State officials, who were also responsible for 83% of reported cases of sexual violence, and systematic use of torture. An academic research published in 2019 contests the Commission's methodology, reaching a total figure of approx. 47,849, of which 27,872 were victims of State officials, 18,341 of the Shining Path, and 1,636 by all other actors.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rendon|first=Silvio|date=2019-01-01|title=Capturing correctly: A reanalysis of the indirect capture–recapture methods in the Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission|journal=Research & Politics|language=en|volume=6|issue=1|pages=2053168018820375|doi=10.1177/2053168018820375|issn=2053-1680}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rendon|first=Silvio|date=2019-04-01|title=A truth commission did not tell the truth: A rejoinder to Manrique-Vallier and Ball|journal=Research & Politics|language=en|volume=6|issue=2|pages=2053168019840972|doi=10.1177/2053168019840972|issn=2053-1680}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Sheikh Said rebellion]]
-	||{{ntsh|17321}}15,000
-	20,000<ref name="The Militant Kurds page 86" />
-	||{{ntsh|100000}}40,000
-	250,000<ref name="page 104" />
-	||{{ntsh|41618}}24,495
-	70,711
-	||[[Turkey]]
-	||1925
-	||1925
-	|1 month
-	||The [[Sheikh Said Rebellion]] was a rebellion to revive the Islamic Caliphate System, and used elements of Kurdish nationalism for recruiting.<ref name=":37">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Cw5V1c1ej_cC&pg=PA147|title=From Caliphate to Secular State: Power Struggle in the Early Turkish Republic: Power Struggle in the Early Turkish Republic|author=Hakan Ozoglu Ph.D.|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2011|isbn=978-0-313-37957-4|page=147}}</ref> It was led by [[Sheikh Said]] and a group of former Ottoman soldiers, known as [[Hamidiye (cavalry)|Hamidiye soldiers]]. The rebellion was of two Kurdish groups, the [[Zaza people]] and the speakers of the related [[Kurmanji dialect]] of Kurdish: it "was led specifically by the Zaza population and received almost full support in the entire Zaza region and some of the neighbouring Kurmanji-dominated regions".<ref name=":38">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0bGpbVFzubsC&pg=PA64|title=The Zaza Kurds of Turkey: A Middle Eastern Minority in a Globalised Society|author=Mehmed S. Kaya|publisher=I.B.Tauris|year=2011|isbn=978-1-84511-875-4|page=64}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||Violations of [[Human rights in ISIL-controlled territory]]
-	||{{nts|18800}}
-	||{{nts|18800}}
-	||{{nts|18800}}
-	||[[Iraq]], [[Syria]], sporadic terrorism worldwide
-	||2011
-	||present
-	|7 years
-	||The death toll may be higher, considering that these figures are only taken over the course of two years and only account occurrences in Iraq.<ref name=":39">{{cite news|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/isis-terror/isis-death-toll-18-800-killed-iraq-2-years-u-n499426|title=ISIS Death Toll: 18,800 Killed in Iraq in 2 Years, U.N. Says|last1=Jamieson|first1=Alastair|agency=NBC News}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||War Crimes during the [[Sri Lankan Civil War]]
-	||{{nts|7000}}<ref name=":40">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/13/opinion/13iht-edpatten.html|title=Sri Lanka's Choice, and the World's Responsibility|last=Patten|first=Chris|date=12 January 2010|work=[[The New York Times]]|accessdate=8 June 2011}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|40000}}<ref name=":41">[http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2011/s3260535.htm Australian Broadcasting Commission 4 Corners] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113033803/http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/content/2011/s3260535.htm|date=2012-11-13}}; accessed 4 July 2011.</ref>
-	||{{nts|16733}}
-	||[[Sri Lanka]]
-	||1983
-	||2009
-	|26 years
-	||There are allegations that [[war crime]]s were committed by the [[Sri Lanka Armed Forces|Sri Lankan military]] and the rebel [[Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam]] (Tamil Tigers) during the [[Sri Lankan Civil War]], particularly during the final months of the [[Eelam War IV]] phase in 2009. The alleged war crimes include attacks on civilians and civilian buildings by both sides; executions of combatants and prisoners by both sides; enforced disappearances by the Sri Lankan military and paramilitary groups backed by them; acute shortages of food, medicine, and clean water for civilians trapped in the war zone; and child recruitment by the Tamil Tigers.<ref name=":42">{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/en/news/2009/10/22/sri-lanka-us-war-crimes-report-details-extensive-abuses|title=Sri Lanka: US War Crimes Report Details Extensive Abuses|date=22 October 2009|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]|accessdate=17 January 2010}}</ref><ref name=":43">{{cite web|url=http://www.thesundayleader.lk/2010/12/08/govt-ltte-executed-soldiers|title=LTTE Executed Soldiers|date=8 December 2010|publisher=[[The Sunday Leader]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101212104240/http://www.thesundayleader.lk/2010/12/08/govt-ltte-executed-soldiers/|archive-date=2010-12-12|dead-url=yes|accessdate=17 January 2010|df=}}</ref>
-	{{See also|Alleged war crimes during the final stages of the Sri Lankan Civil War}}
-	|-
-	|[[Sack of Thessalonica (904)]]||{{nts|15000}}||{{nts|15000}}<ref name=":44">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nYbnr5XVbzUC|title=A History of the Byzantine State and Society|author=Warren T. Treadgold|publisher=[[Stanford University Press]]|year=1997|isbn=0-8047-2630-2|page=572}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|15000}}||[[Byzantine Empire]]||{{nts|904}}||{{nts|904}}
-	|?|| The sack of the second city of the Byzantine Empire by a Muslim fleet under the command of [[Leo of Tripoli]]. In addition to the thousands killed, the [[Saracen]] fleet also took 20,000 Greek slaves.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Military use of children#Iran|Use of child soldiers in Iran]] during the [[Iran–Iraq War|Iran–Iraq war]]
-	||{{nts|6000}}
-	||{{nts|18000}}
-	||{{nts|10392}}
-	||[[Iran]]
-	||1980
-	||1988
-	|8 years
-	||3% of two to six hundred thousand casualties.<ref name="hiro205">{{cite book|title=The Longest War: The Iran-Iraq Military Conflict|last=Hiro|first=Dilip|publisher=Routledge|year=1991|isbn=9780415904063|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/longestwariranir00hiro/page/205 205]|oclc=22347651|authorlink=Dilip Hiro|url=https://archive.org/details/longestwariranir00hiro/page/205}}</ref><ref name="Rajaee1997">{{cite book|title=Iranian Perspectives on the Iran-Iraq War|last=Rajaee|first=Farhang|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=1997|isbn=9780813014760|location=Gainesville|page=2|oclc=492125659}}</ref><ref name="Mikaberidze2011">{{cite book|title=Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia|last=Mikaberidze|first=Alexander|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2011|isbn=9781598843361|location=Santa Barbara, California|page=418|oclc=775759780}}</ref><ref name=":45">Hammond Atlas of the 20th Century (1999) P. 134-5</ref><ref name="Dunnigan 1991">Dunnigan, ''A Quick and Dirty Guide to War'' (1991)</ref><ref name="Twentieth Century World History 1997">Jan Palmowski, ''Dictionary of Twentieth Century World History'' (Oxford, 1997)<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref name="ReferenceD">Clodfelter, Michael, Warfare and Armed Conflict: A Statistical Reference to Casualty and Other Figures, 1618–1991</ref><ref name="Chirot, Daniel 1994">Chirot, Daniel: Modern Tyrants: the power and prevalence of evil in our age (1994)</ref><ref name=":46">"B&J": Jacob Bercovitch and Richard Jackson, ''International Conflict: A Chronological Encyclopedia of Conflicts and Their Management 1945–1995'' (1997), pg. 195.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref name=":47">{{cite web|url=http://kurzman.unc.edu/death-tolls-of-the-iran-iraq-war|title=Death Tolls of the Iran-Iraq War|last=Hill|first=The University of North Carolina at Chapel|website=kurzman.unc.edu|publisher=Charles Kurzman|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[List of massacres during the Algerian Civil War|Massacres during the Algerian Civil War]]
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||[[Algeria]]
-	||1991
-	||2002
-	|11 years
-	||<ref name="Bedjaoui">"An Anatomy of the Massacres", Ait-Larbi, Ait-Belkacem, Belaid, Nait-Redjam, and Soltani, in An Inquiry into the Algerian Massacres, ed. Bedjaoui, Aroua, and Ait-Larbi, Hoggar: Geneva 1999.</ref><ref name=":48">[http://stathis.research.yale.edu/files/Wanton.pdf "Wanton and Senseless? The Logic of Massacres in Algeria"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304025159/http://stathis.research.yale.edu/files/Wanton.pdf|date=2016-03-04}}, Stathis N. Kalyvas, ''Rationality and Society'', Vol. 11, No. 3, 243–85 (1999)<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War]]
-	||{{nts|8085}}
-	||{{nts|8085}}
-	||{{nts|8085}}
-	||[[Syria]]
-	||September 2015
-	||present
-	|4 years
-	|<ref>http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=126256</ref> See also: [[Russian military intervention in the Syrian Civil War]].
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[Balochistan conflict]]
-	||{{nts|7628}}
-	||{{nts|7628}}
-	||{{nts|7628}}
-	||[[Balochistan]], [[Pakistan]]
-	||1937
-	||present
-	|81 years
-	||<ref name=":49">{{cite web|url=http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat6.htm|title=Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls|website=users.erols.com}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}<ref name=":50">{{cite web|url=http://www.europe-solidaire.org/spip.php?article4120|title=Balochistan: Pakistan's internal war History of an insurgency|last1=Ray|first1=Fulcher}}</ref><ref name=":51">{{cite web|url=http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/pakistan/Balochistan/index.html|title=Balochistan Assessment: 2016|accessdate=March 4, 2018}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[September 11 attacks]]
-	||{{nts|2977}}
-	||{{nts|2977}}
-	||{{nts|2977}}
-	||[[United States]]
-	||11 September 2001
-	||11 September 2001
-	|1 day
-	||<ref name=":61">{{Cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/27/us/september-11-anniversary-fast-facts|title=September 11th Fast Facts|date=March 27, 2015|accessdate=May 14, 2015|publisher=CNN}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||War crimes during the [[War in Donbass]]
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||[[Donbass]], [[Ukraine]]
-	||2014
-	||present
-	|4 years
-	||<ref name=":62">Humanitarian Bulletin Ukraine Issue 11" (PDF), OHCHR, 9 July 2016; retrieved 4 March 2018.</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Sabra and Shatila massacre]]
-	||{{nts|460}}<ref name=":63">[http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Sabra_&_Shatila.html] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160926122948/http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/Sabra_%26_Shatila.html|date=2016-09-26}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|3500}}<ref name=":64">{{Cite news|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/2/8/53050/World/Region/Remembering-Sabra--Shatila-The-death-of-their-worl.aspx|title=Remembering Sabra & Shatila: The death of their world|date=16 September 2012|work=Ahram online|accessdate=13 November 2012}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|1269}}
-	||West [[Beirut]], [[Lebanon]]
-	||September 16, 1982
-	||September 18, 1982
-	|2 days
-	||Massacre of a Palestinian refugee camp by Lebanese Christians.
-	|-
-	||[[Battle of Fort Pillow|Fort Pillow massacre]]
-	||{{nts|235}}
-	||{{nts|235}}
-	||{{nts|235}}
-	||[[Lauderdale County, Tennessee]]
-	||April 12, 1864
-	||April 12, 1864
-	|1 day
-	||Death toll includes both U.S. and Confederate dead. U.S. dead includes those both killed in combat and murdered by the Confederates afterwards.
-	|-
-	||[[Lawrence massacre]]
-	||{{nts|204}}
-	||{{nts|204}}
-	||{{nts|204}}
-	||[[Douglas County, Kansas]]
-	||August 21, 1863
-	||August 21, 1863
-	|1 day
-	||Death toll includes both U.S. and Confederate dead. Deadliest terrorist attack in U.S. history until the Oklahoma City bombing of 1995.
-	|-
-	|}
-
-	== Genocides, ethnic cleansing, and mass ethnic and/or religious persecution ==
-	{{main|List of genocides by death toll|Genocides in history}}
-	''This section lists events that entail the mass murder (or death caused by the forced eviction) of individuals on the basis of race, religion, or ethnicity.''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-
-	{| class="sortable wikitable" style="width:100%;"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Event
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geometric mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />!! style="width:10%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until
-	!Duration!! width="50%" data-sort-type="number" | Notes
-	|-
-	||[[World War II casualties of the Soviet Union]]
-	||{{nts|13684700}}
-	||{{nts|40000000}}
-	||{{nts|23396324}}
-	||[[Nazi Germany|German]]-occupied Europe and Russia
-	||1939
-	||1945
-	|6 years
-	||[[Nazi Germany|Germany]]'s extermination of [[Slavs|Slavic peoples]] and citizens of the [[Soviet Union]].
-	Figure given is both as intentional genocide and overall civilian war casualties.
-	|-
-	||[[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	||518,933{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}}
-	||138,000,000<ref name="American Philosophy 1491"/>
-	||8,462,432
-	||[[North America|North]] and [[South America|South]] America
-	||1492
-	||1996<ref name="cbc.ca">{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/residential-school-deaths-report-1.3365319|title=341 students died at Northern residential schools – CBC News|publisher=CBC|quote=Sinclair said the total number of recorded residential school deaths in Canada — 3,201 — could be an underestimate given poor record keeping, and the real number of deaths could have been five to 10 times higher.}}</ref><ref name="Tasker">{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/residential-schools-findings-point-to-cultural-genocide-commission-chair-says-1.3093580|title=Residential schools findings point to 'cultural genocide', commission chair says|last1=Tasker|first1=John Paul|date=May 29, 2015|accessdate=July 1, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518220713/http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/residential-schools-findings-point-to-cultural-genocide-commission-chair-says-1.3093580|archivedate=May 18, 2016|deadurl=no|publisher=CBC News|df=}}</ref><ref name="Smith">{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2015/12/15/truth-and-reconciliation-commissions-report-details-deaths-of-3201-children-in-residential-schools.html|title=Truth and Reconciliation Commission's report details deaths of 3,201 children in residential schools|last1=Smith|first1=Joanna|date=December 15, 2015|work=Toronto Star|accessdate=November 27, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160826133919/https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2015/12/15/truth-and-reconciliation-commissions-report-details-deaths-of-3201-children-in-residential-schools.html|archivedate=August 26, 2016|deadurl=no|df=}}</ref><ref name="trccanada">{{Cite web|url=http://www.trc.ca/websites/trcinstitution/File/2015/Findings/Exec_Summary_2015_05_31_web_o.pdf|title=Honouring the Truth, Reconciling for the Future: Summary of the Final Report of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada|author=Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada|date=2015|page=1|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180921023350/http://www.trc.ca/websites/trcinstitution/File/2015/Findings/Exec_Summary_2015_05_31_web_o.pdf|archive-date=2018-09-21|dead-url=yes|access-date=September 20, 2018|quote=The establishment and operation of residential schools were a central element of this policy, which can best be described as 'cultural genocide'.}}</ref>
-	|504 years
-	|While the overall toll of man made deaths of Amerindians is unknown, there have been a few known events in which many Amerindians perished.
-	Thousands to millions more killed in [[Encomienda|forced labor]], wars and [[List of Indian massacres|massacres]]; Covers both North and South America
-	Unknown number of [[Apache]] killed for bounty
-
-	See also: [[Spanish colonization of the Americas]], [[Encomienda system]], [[Mexican Indian Wars]], [[List of Indian massacres]]
-	|-
-	||[[Japanese war crimes]]
-	||{{nts|3000000}}
-	||{{nts|14000000}}
-	||{{nts|6,480,741}}<ref name="ReferenceE">" Statistics Of Japanese Democide
-	Estimates, Calculations, And Sources R.J. Rummel" STATISTICS OF DEMOCIDE Charlottesville, Virginia: Center for National Security Law,
-	School of Law, University of Virginia, 1997 retrieved 2018</ref>
-	||[[East Asia]]
-	||1937
-	||1945
-	|8 years
-	||The systematic mass murders directed towards Korean and Chinese civilians by [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] and its puppet states.
-	Most people were killed by forced labor, guns, bayonets,<ref name="ReferenceE" /> and biological weapons.<ref>Lockwood, Jeffrey A. "Six-legged soldiers", The Scientist, October 24, 2008, accessed December 23, 2008</ref> A small number of people were also killed by human experiments inside [[unit 731]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.lit.osaka-cu.ac.jp/user/tsuchiya/gyoseki/presentation/IAB8.html|title=[IAB8] Imperial Japanese Medical Atrocities|website=www.lit.osaka-cu.ac.jp|access-date=2019-07-29}}</ref> Japan's reasons for this were it was an enslavement policy towards subjugated peoples, a belief in the superior Japanese race, and a strong belief in superior Japanese values and State Shinto.
-
-	Not organized in the same effective way as the holocaust, but more people inside the army took part in the atrocities committed, such as two Japanese soldiers that had a competition about who could murder the most Chinese civilians being described as heroes inside Japanese papers.<ref>Takashi Yoshida. The making of the "Rape of Nanking". 2006, page 64</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Soviet famine of 1932–33]]
-	|{{nts|4400000}}
-	|{{nts|9100000}}
-	|{{nts|6327717}}
-	|[[Soviet Union]]
-	|1932
-	|1933
-	|1 year
-	|The majority of famine victims were [[Ukrainians|Ukrainian]]. Many nations, including [[Ukraine]], regard the famine's effect in the [[Ukraine]] as a [[genocide]] against [[Ukraine]], known as the [[Holodomor]].<ref name=":1">"Seven million died in the 'forgotten' holocaust – Eric Margolis". www.ukemonde.com. Retrieved 2016-01-05.</ref><ref name=":2">Stanislav Kulchytsky, "How many of us perished in Holodomor in 1933", Zerkalo Nedeli, 23–29 November 2002. Available online in Russian at the Wayback Machine (archived 21 July 2006) and in Ukrainian at the Wayback Machine (archived 5 May 2006)</ref><ref name=":3">Stalislav Kulchytsky, "Demographic losses in Ukrainian in the twentieth century" at the Wayback Machine (archived 21 July 2006), Zerkalo Nedeli, 2–8 October 2004 (in Russian), and (in Ukrainian) at the Wayback Machine (archived 13 March 2007)</ref><ref name=":4">{{cite journal|last1=Ellman|first1=Michael|year=2005|title=The Role of Leadership Perceptions and of Intent in the Soviet Famine of 1931–1934|journal=Europe-Asia Studies|volume=57|issue=6|pages=823–41|doi=10.1080/09668130500199392}}</ref><ref name="Ellman">[http://www1.fee.uva.nl/pp/mjellman/ Michael Ellman] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014232729/http://www1.fee.uva.nl/pp/mjellman/|date=2007-10-14}},
-	"[http://www.paulbogdanor.com/left/soviet/famine/ellman1933.pdf Stalin and the Soviet Famine of 1932–33 Revisited]"' ''Europe-Asia Studies'', [[Routledge]]. Vol. 59, No. 4, June 2007, pp. 663–693. [[PDF]] file.</ref><ref name=":5">Snyder 2010, p. 53. "One demographic retrojection suggests a figure of 2.5 million famine deaths for Soviet Ukraine. This is too close to the recorded figure of excess deaths, which is about 2.4 million. The latter figure must be substantially low, since many deaths were not recorded. Another demographic calculation, carried out on behalf of the authorities of independent Ukraine, provides the figure of 3.9 million dead. The truth is probably in between these numbers, where most of the estimates of respectable scholars can be found. It seems reasonable to propose a figure of approximately 3.3 million deaths by starvation and hunger-related disease in Soviet Ukraine in 1932–1933".</ref><ref name=":6">David R. Marples. ''Heroes and Villains: Creating National History in Contemporary Ukraine''. p.50</ref><ref name=":7">Alexander J.Motyl. "[http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/deleting-holodomor-ukraine-unmakes-itself Deleting the Holodomor: Ukraine Unmakes Itself]". ''World Affairs''.</ref>
-
-	1.8 – 4.8 million: Ukraine
-
-	600,000 – 2.3 million: Kazakhstan
-
-	2 million: Elsewhere
-	|-
-	||[[Holocaust|The Holocaust]]||{{nts|4200000}}<ref>Reitlinger, Gerald. ''The Final Solution. The Attempt to Exterminate the Jews of Europe, 1939–1945'', New York: Beechhurst Press. Review by Friedman, Philip (1954). "Review of The Final Solution". Jewish Social Studies 16 (2): 186–89. {{JSTOR|4465231}}. See also a review by Hyamson, Albert M. (1953). "Review of The Final Solution". International Affairs 29 (4): 494–95. {{JSTOR|2606046}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|6300000}}<ref>"How many Jews were murdered in the Holocaust?". Yad Vashem. (FAQs about the Holocaust).</ref><ref>"The Holocaust: Tracing Lost Family Members". JVL. Retrieved November 2013.</ref>
-	||{{nts|5143928}}
-	||[[Nazi Germany|German]]-occupied Europe
-	||1941
-	||1945
-	|4 years
-	||The systematic and bureaucratic genocide of [[History of the Jews in Europe|European Jews]] by [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] and its puppet states.
-	|-
-	||[[Holodomor]]
-	||{{nts|2711000}}
-	||{{nts|7811000}}{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}}
-	||{{nts|4601698}}
-	||[[Ukraine]]
-	||1932
-	||1933
-	|1 year
-	||The term "Ukrainian Genocide" usually refers to the man-made famine of 1932 through 1933, called the [[Holodomor]], in which the grain of [[Ukrainians]] was confiscated to the point where they could not survive off the amount of grain they had, and were also restricted from fleeing their villages to find food under threat of execution or deportation into a [[Gulag]] camp.
-	The term also includes the killing of Ukrainian intelligentsia during the [[Great Purge]], especially the [[Orthodox Church]].
-
-	The main advocate for this view was [[Raphael Lemkin]], creator of the word [[genocide]].
-
-	Data from after the opening of the Soviet archives records deaths at 2.4 to 7.5 million in famine, 300,000 during the purge, and 1,100 from the [[Law of Spikelets]].
-
-	Some scholars dispute that the famine was deliberately engineered by the Soviet government or that it was a genocide.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Davies|first1=Robert|authorlink1=Robert William Davies|last2=Wheatcroft|first2=Stephen|authorlink2=Stephen G. Wheatcroft|title=The Industrialisation of Soviet Russia Volume 5: The Years of Hunger: Soviet Agriculture 1931–1933|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4s1lCwAAQBAJ&lpg=PR14&pg=PA441#v=onepage|accessdate=|year=2009|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK|isbn=978-0-230-27397-9|page=441}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Tauger |first=Mark B. |url=https://carlbeckpapers.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/cbp/article/download/89/90 |title=Natural Disaster and Human Actions in the Soviet Famine of 1931–1933 |journal=The Carl Beck Papers in Russian and East European Studies |issue=1506 |year=2001 |pages=1–65 |issn=2163-839X |doi=10.5195/CBP.2001.89 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170612213128/https://carlbeckpapers.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/cbp/article/download/89/90 |archivedate=12 June 2017 |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1= Ghodsee|first1=Kristen R.|volume = 4| issue = 2| page = 124|title = A Tale of "Two Totalitarianisms": The Crisis of Capitalism and the Historical Memory of Communism| journal = History of the Present| date = 2014|url=http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/kristenghodsee/files/history_of_the_present_galleys.pdf | jstor = 10.5406/historypresent.4.2.0115|doi=10.5406/historypresent.4.2.0115|author-link=Kristen R. Ghodsee}}</ref>
-
-	– Part of the [[Soviet famine of 1932–33]]
-	|-
-	||[[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation]]
-	||{{nts|2770000}}
-	||{{nts|2770000}}
-	||{{nts|2770000}}
-	||[[Nazi Germany|German]]-occupied [[Poland]]
-	||1941
-	||1945
-	|4 years
-	||[[Genocide]] of Christian Poles during the invasion of [[Poland]] by [[Nazi Germany|Germany]].
-	|-
-	|[[Three Alls Policy]]
-	|{{nts|2700000}}
-	|{{nts|2700000}}
-	|{{nts|2700000}}
-	|[[China]]
-	|1940
-	|1942
-	|2 years
-	|In a study published in 1996, historian Mitsuyoshi Himeta claims that the Three Alls Policy, a scorched earth policy implemented by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]] on China, sanctioned by [[Emperor Hirohito]] himself, was both directly and indirectly responsible for the deaths of "more than 2.7 million" Chinese civilians.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}– Part of the [[Japanese war crimes]]
-	|-
-	||[[Cambodian genocide]]
-	||{{nts|1386734}}<ref name="Bruce Sharp">{{cite web
-	| last = Sharp
-	| first = Bruce
-	| title = Counting Hell: The Death Toll of the Khmer Rouge Regime in Cambodia
-	| date= April 1, 2005
-	| url = http://www.mekong.net/cambodia/deaths.htm
-	| accessdate =July 5, 2006 }}</ref>
-	||{{nts|3400000}}<ref name="Heuveline, Patrick 2001">Heuveline, Patrick (2001). "The Demographic Analysis of Mortality in Cambodia". In ''Forced Migration and Mortality'', eds. Holly E. Reed and Charles B. Keely. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|2171381}}
-	||[[Democratic Kampuchea]]
-	||1975
-	||1979
-	|4 years
-	||Deaths due to arbitrary torture, execution, starvation, and forced labor among the population of [[Cambodia]] under the rule of [[Pol Pot]] and the [[Khmer Rouge]], including both killings of ethnic [[Khmer people|Khmer]] (the majority ethnic group) as well as a [[Cambodian genocide#Ethnic and religious victims|genocide of religious and ethnic minorities by the Khmer Rouge]].
-	Minimum death toll is the number of corpses found in the [[Killing Fields]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}<br />[[Samuel Totten]] argues the mass killings were committed by fellow Khmer, and the Khmer were killed more in proportion to their population than other victims of the Khmer Rouge, making it more of a [[politicide]].<ref name="ReferenceC" />
-
-	These killings have been described as ''autogenocide'' or ''civil genocide.''
-
-	According to [[Samuel Totten]] {{nts|1325000}} ethnic Khmers were killed.
-	|-
-	||[[Rwandan genocide|Rwandan]] and [[Burundian genocides]]
-	||{{nts|905000}}
-	||{{nts|1595000}}
-	||{{nts|1234190}}
-	||[[Burundi]], [[Rwanda]], and [[Zaire]]
-	||1959
-	||1997
-	|38 years
-	||Combined death toll of all [[genocides]] and other massacres between the [[Hutus]] and the [[Tutsis]].
-	Regarded as the most efficient [[genocide]] of the 20th century, the [[Rwandan genocide]] was the disorganized communal mass murder of [[Tutsi]]s, by their rival tribe the [[Hutu]] through the Rwandan government and [[Hutu Power]] militias such as the [[Interahamwe]] and [[Impuzamugambi]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-
-	Violence peaked in the hundred days between April 7, 1994 and July 15, 1994, during which time between 500,000 and 1,000,000 people were killed.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Population transfer in the Soviet Union]]
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||{{nts|1500000}}
-	||{{nts|1224745}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]]
-	||1920
-	||1951
-	|31 years
-	||May include casualties of [[decossackization]].
-	|-
-	||[[Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–50)]]
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||{{nts|3000000}}
-	||{{nts|1224745}}
-	|| Eastern Europe
-	|| 1944
-	|| 1950
-	|6 years
-	||Both direct and indirect deaths of ethnic German civilians and POWs during the redrawing of national borders after World War II.
-	|-
-	|[[Kazakh famine of 1932–1933]]
-	||{{nts|1500000}}
-	||{{nts|2300000}}
-	||{{nts|1857418}}
-	|[[Kazakhstan]]
-	|1932
-	|1933
-	|1 year
-	|– Part of the [[Soviet famine of 1932–33]]
-	|-
-	||[[Armenian Genocide]]
-	||{{nts|800000}}
-	||{{nts|1500000}}
-	||{{nts|1095445}}
-	||[[Ottoman Empire]]
-	||1914
-	||1918
-	|4 years
-	||The first [[genocide]] of the 20th century to kill over 1,000,000 people, this event was conducted by the [[Young Turks]] government of the [[Ottoman Empire]] under the administration of [[Talaat Pasha]], [[Enver Pasha]] and [[Djemal Pasha]].
-	|-
-	||[[Punti-Hakka Clan Wars]]
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||[[China]]
-	||1850
-	||1867
-	|17 years
-	||After the fall of the [[Taiping Heavenly Kingdom]] the [[Qing]] government cracked down on the [[Hakka]] ethnic group for allying with the kingdom slaughtering 30,000 per day. The death toll of the [[Punti-Hakka Clan Wars]] is estimated to be 1,000,000 and there was also a mass execution done during the [[Taiping Rebellion]]. It is unclear whether these events refer to the Qing crackdown. If this death toll is applied to the estimated death rate, the massacre likely took place over the course of a month.<ref>Purcell, Victor. ''China''. London: Ernest Benn, 1962. pg. 167<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref>Quoted in ibid., pg. 239.</ref><ref>Chesneaux, Jean. ''Peasant Revolts in China, 1840–1949''. Translated by C. A. Curwen. New York: W. W. Norton, 1973. pg. 40<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Genocides in history#French conquest of Algeria|French conquest of Algeria]]
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||{{nts|707107}}
-	||[[Algeria]]
-	||1827
-	||1875
-	|48 years
-	||Within the first three decades, the French military massacred between half a million to one million from approximately three million Algerian people.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jalata|first=Asafa|title=Phases of Terrorism in the Age of Globalization: From Christopher Columbus to Osama bin Laden|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SCjxCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA92|date=2016|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US|isbn=978-1-137-55234-1|pages=92–3}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Partition of India]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|2000000}}
-	||{{nts|632456}}
-	||[[India]]
-	||1947
-	||1957
-	|10 years
-	||In the riots which preceded the partition in the Punjab Province, it is believed that between 200,000 and 2,000,000 people were killed in the retributive genocide between [[Hindus]] and [[Muslims]].<ref>D'Costa, Bina (2011). ''Nationbuilding, Gender and War Crimes in South Asia'', Routledge. pg. 53; {{ISBN|9780415565660}}</ref><ref>Sikand, Yoginder (2004). ''Muslims in India Since 1947: Islamic Perspectives on Inter-Faith Relations'', Routledge. pg. 5; {{ISBN|9781134378258}}</ref><ref>Butalia, Urvashi (2000). ''The Other Side of Silence: Voices From the Partition of India'', Duke University Press.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Dzungar genocide]]
-	||{{nts|480000}}
-	||{{nts|600000}}
-	||{{nts|536656}}
-	||[[Dzungar Khanate]]
-	||1755
-	||1758
-	|3 years
-	||The mass extermination of [[Dzungar people|Dzungar Mongols]] by the [[Qing dynasty]] under the order of the [[Qianlong Emperor]].
-	|-
-	||[[Greek genocide]]
-	||{{nts|289000}}
-	||{{nts|750000}}
-	||{{nts|465564}}
-	||[[Ottoman Empire]]
-	||1913
-	||1922
-	|9 years
-	||Violent [[ethnic cleansing]] of [[Greeks]] from their historical homeland of [[Anatolia]].
-	|-
-	||[[Persecution of Serbs in the Independent State of Croatia]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}<ref name="auto11">{{cite web |last1=Rummel |first1=R.J. |title=Yugoslavian Democide: Estimates, Sources, and Calculations |url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB9.1.GIF |website=View Line 237}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|1000000}}<ref name="auto11"/>
-	||{{nts|447214}}
-	||[[Independent State of Croatia]]
-	||1941
-	||1945
-	|4 years
-	||Genocide of [[Serbs]] by the [[Ustaše]] government of the [[Independent State of Croatia]]
-	|-
-	||[[Circassian genocide]]
-	||{{nts|400000}}
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||{{nts|447214}}
-	||[[Circassia]]
-	|| 1864
-	|| 1867
-	|3 years
-	|| Deaths from mass expulsion of Circassians after Russian conquest.
-	|-
-	||[[Albigensian Crusade]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}<ref name="Albigensian Crusade">{{cite web|last1=White|first1=Matthew|title=Albigensian Crusade|url=http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#Albigensian|website=necrometrics}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|1000000}}<ref name="Albigensian Crusade" /><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|447214}}
-	||[[Languedoc]], [[France]]
-	||1209
-	||1229
-	|20 years
-	||[[Raphael Lemkin]], well known as the coiner of the term "[[genocide]]", referred to the [[Albigensian Crusade]] as "one of the most conclusive cases of genocide in religious history".<ref name="LemkinJacobs2012">{{cite book|author=Raphael Lemkin|authorlink=Raphael Lemkin|editor=Steven Leonard Jacobs|title=Lemkin on Genocide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z9pkney_zw8C&pg=PA71|year=2012|publisher=Lexington Books|isbn=978-0-7391-4526-5|page=71}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Soviet repressions of Polish citizens (1939–1946)]]
-	||{{nts|260000}}
-	||{{nts|750000}}
-	||{{nts|441588}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]] and [[Poland]]
-	||1937
-	||1946
-	|9 years
-	||Includes deaths from the [[Polish Operation of the NKVD (1937–38)]].<ref>Tomasz Szarota & Wojciech Materski (2009), Polska 1939–1945. Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami, Warsaw: Institute of National Remembrance; {{ISBN|978-83-7629-067-6}} (Excerpt reproduced in digital form).</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Genocide of indigenous peoples in Brazil]]
-	||{{nts|235000}}
-	||{{nts|800000}}
-	||{{nts|433590}}
-	||[[Brazil]]
-	||1900
-	||1985
-	|85 years
-	||<ref name="necrometrics.com">{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/20c300k.htm#Brazil|title=Secondary Wars and Atrocities of the Twentieth Century – Brazil|last1=White|first1=Matthew|website=Necrometrics}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}} – Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	||[[Occupation of Tibet]]
-	||{{nts|144000}}<ref>Smith 1997, pp. 600–01 n. 8</ref>
-	||{{nts|1200000}}<ref name="Tibet: Proving Truth from Facts">"[http://www.tibet.net/en/diir/pubs/wp/tb96/Tibet%20Proving%20Truth.pdf Tibet: Proving Truth from Facts]". {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070615161100/http://www.tibet.net/en/diir/pubs/wp/tb96/Tibet%20Proving%20Truth.pdf|date=2007-06-15}}, ''The Department of Information and International Relations: Central Tibetan Administration'', 1996. pg. 53<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|415692}}
-	||[[Tibet]]
-	||1950
-	||present
-	|68 years
-	||In 1960, the western-based [[Nongovernmental organization|nongovernmental]] [[International Commission of Jurists]] (ICJ) gave a report titled ''Tibet and the Chinese People's Republic to the United Nations''. The report was prepared by the ICJ's Legal Inquiry Committee, composed of eleven international lawyers from around the world. This report accused the Chinese of the crime of [[genocide]] in Tibet, after nine years of full occupation, six years before the devastation of the [[cultural revolution]] began.{{Full citation needed|date=May 2019}} The ICJ also documented accounts of massacres, tortures and killings, bombardment of monasteries, and extermination of whole nomad camps. Declassified Soviet archives provides data that Chinese communists, who received a great assistance in military equipment from the Soviets, broadly used Soviet aircraft for bombing monasteries and other punitive operations in Tibet.<ref>Kuzmin, S.L. ''[http://savetibet.ru/img/2010/tibet-book-eng.pdf Hidden Tibet: History of Independence and Occupation]''. Dharamsala, LTWA, 2011.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>{{quote needed|date=May 2019}}
-	|-
-	||[[Persecution of Hazara people]]
-	||{{ntsh|100000}}?
-	||{{ntsh|936000}}?
-	||{{nts|400000}} ''(rough estimate)''<ref>897,000 [[Circassians]] were deported and killed in an event similar in time period and method to this one and of those about 45% died.
-	({{cite news|title=Caucasus Report: July 15, 2005|url=http://www.rferl.org/content/article/1341730.html|agency=Radio Free Europe}})
-	If this is applied to the median of the following rough estimates and then rounded up (since this a very rough estimate anyway) we end up with a very rough estimate of 390,000 killed.
-
-	'''Following estimates:'''
-	*'''Low estimate''': In 1893, the [[Hazaras]] of [[Afghanistan]] were massacred and displaced to a point in which they lost over 60% of their population. The number of living [[Hazaras]] at the time is unknown but their population in 2014 was 2,864,056. 2,864,056 population out of a 2014 world population of 7,200,000,000 making Hazaras in [[Afghanistan]] approximately 0.04% of the world's population.
-	**{{Cite book|title = تاریخ باستانی هزاره ها|last = دلجو|first = عباس|publisher = انتشارات امیری|year = 2014|isbn = 978-9936801509|location = کابل|pages = }}
-	**{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html|title=Afghanistan: 31,822,848 (July 2014 est.) @ 9% (2014)|accessdate=July 17, 2015|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]}}
-	*'''High estimate''': In 1893 the [[Hazaras]] of [[Afghanistan]] were massacred to a point in which they lost over 60% of their population. The number of living [[Hazaras]] at the time is unknown but their population in 2014 was 2,864,056, out of a 2014 world population of 7,200,000,000, making Hazara's in [[Afghanistan]] approximately 0.04% of the world's population.
-	**{{Cite book|title = تاریخ باستانی هزاره ها|last = دلجو|first = عباس|publisher = انتشارات امیری|year = 2014|isbn = 978-9936801509|location = کابل|pages = }}
-	**{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html|title=Afghanistan: 31,822,848 (July 2014 est.) @ 9% (2014)|accessdate=July 17, 2015|work=[[The World Factbook]]|publisher=[[Central Intelligence Agency]]}}
-	</ref>
-	||[[Afghanistan]]
-	||1888
-	||1893
-	|5 years
-	||Over 60% of the Hazara population were either massacred or displaced in [[Abdur Rahman Khan]]'s crackdown of the [[Hazaras]].
-	|-
-	||[[Decossackization]]
-	||{{nts|300000}}
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||{{nts|346410}}
-	||Former [[Russian Empire]]
-	||1917
-	||1933
-	|16 years
-	||Violent class purge, [[ethnic cleansing]], and [[mass murder]] of [[Cossacks]], especially [[Kuban Cossacks|Kuban]] and [[Don Cossacks]], by the [[Bolshevik]]s.
-	|-
-	||[[Romani genocide|Romani Genocide]]
-	||{{nts|220000}}
-	||{{nts|500000}}
-	||{{nts|331662}}
-	||[[Nazi]] occupied Europe
-	||1941
-	||1945
-	|4 years
-	||The [[genocide]] of [[Romani people|Romani]] by [[Nazi Germany]] and its puppet states.
-	|-
-	||[[1971 Bangladesh genocide]]
-	||{{ntsh|26000}}
-	26,000<ref name="deathcount-pakistani">{{cite web|url=http://www.bangla2000.com/Bangladesh/Independence-War/Report-Hamoodur-Rahman/chapter2.shtm|title=Alleged atrocities by the Pakistan Army (paragraph 33)|work=Hamoodur Rahman Commission Report|date=23 October 1974|accessdate=13 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012130637/http://www.bangla2000.com/Bangladesh/Independence-War/Report-Hamoodur-Rahman/chapter2.shtm|archive-date=12 October 2014|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|3000000}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rummel |first1=R.J. |title=Pakistan Genocide in Bangladesh: Estimates, Sources, and Calculations |url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB8.2.GIF |website=View Line 82}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|279285}}
-	||[[East Pakistan]]
-	||March 21, 1971
-	||December 16, 1971
-	|8 months, 2 weeks and 3 days
-	||See also: [[Bangladesh Liberation War]], [[Operation Searchlight]], [[List of massacres in Bangladesh]], [[Rape during the Bangladesh Liberation War]]
-	|-
-	||[[Cambodian genocide#Ethnic and Religious Victims|Chinese genocide under Khmer Rouge]]
-	||{{nts|215000}}<ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite web|last1=White|first1=Matthew|title=20th Century death tolls larger than one million but fewer than 5 million people-Cambodia|url=http://necrometrics.com/20c1m.htm#Cambodia|website=necrometrics|accessdate=March 8, 2018}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|225000}}
-	||{{nts|219943}}
-	||[[Democratic Kampuchea]]
-	||1975
-	||1979
-	|4 years
-	||More than half of the [[Chinese people|Chinese]] population of [[Cambodia]] were slaughtered by the [[Khmer Rouge]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Century of Genocide: Critical Essays and Eyewitness Accounts|last=Totten|first=Samuel|authorlink=Samuel Totten|author2=William S. Parsons|author3-link=Israel W. Charny|author3=Israel W. Charny|year=2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=0-415-94430-9|page=345|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5Ef8Hrx8Cd0C&pg=PA345}}</ref>– Part of the [[Cambodian genocide]]
-	|-
-	|[[Assyrian genocide]]
-	|{{nts|150000}}
-	|{{nts|300000}}
-	|{{nts|212132}}
-	|[[Ottoman Empire]]
-	|1914
-	|1920
-	|6 years
-	|One of the various [[genocides]] and [[ethnic cleansings]] the [[Ottoman Empire]] committed under the administration of the [[Young Turks]].
-	|-
-	||[[Cambodian genocide#Ethnic and Religious Victims|Cham genocide under Khmer Rouge]]
-	||{{nts|90000}}<ref name="ReferenceC" />
-	||{{nts|500000}}<ref>Hannum, Hurst (1989). "International Law and Cambodian Genocide: The Sounds of Silence", ''Human Rights Quarterly'' (Johns Hopkins University Press) 11 (1): 82–138. {{doi|10.2307/761936}}. {{JSTOR|761936}}.</ref>
-	||{{nts|212132}}
-	||[[Democratic Kampuchea]]
-	||1975
-	||1979
-	|4 years
-	||The [[genocide]] slaughtered over 70% of the [[Chams|Cham]] [[Muslim]] population in [[Cambodia]] according to themselves.
-	According to [[Ben Kiernan]], Cham were subjected to the most brutal treatment of those persecuted by the [[Khmer Rouge]] and subjected to the slaughter of 36% of their population according to [[Samuel Totten]].{{citation needed|date=June 2018}}
-
-	– Part of the [[Cambodian genocide]]
-	|-
-	||[[Massacres of Hutu refugees during the First Congo War]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|220000}}<ref>CDI: The Center for Defense Information, The Defense Monitor, "The World At War: January 1, 1998".</ref>
-	||{{nts|209762}}
-	||[[Zaire]]
-	||1996
-	||1997
-	|1 year
-	||During the [[First Congo War]], Rwanda was able to destroy refugee camps, which the ''génocidaires'' had been using as their safe-bases, and forcibly repatriate Tutsi to Rwanda. During this process, Rwandan and aligned forces committed multiple atrocities, mainly against Hutu refugees. The true extent of the abuses is unknown because the AFDL and RPF carefully managed NGO and press access to areas where atrocities were thought to have occurred;<ref>Reyntjens, Filip. The Great African War: Congo and Regional Geopolitics, 1996–2006. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2009. pg. 100<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> however, [[Amnesty International]] claimed as many as 200,000 Rwandese Hutu refugees were massacred by them and the [[Rwandan Defence Forces]] and aligned forces.<ref name="amnesty1998">"[https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/afr62/033/1998/en/ Democratic Republic of Congo. An long-standing crisis spinning out of control]". . Amnesty International, September 3, 1998, pg. 9. AI Index: AFR 62/33/98.</ref> The United Nations similarly documented mass killings of civilians by Rwandan, Ugandan and the [[Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo|ADFL]] soldiers in the [[DRC Mapping Exercise Report]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Wei–Jie war#Extermination of the Wu Hu|Extermination of the Wu Hu]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||[[Northern China]]
-	||350
-	||351
-	|1 year
-	||Ancient Chinese texts record that General [[Ran Min]] ordered the extermination of the [[Five Barbarians|Wu Hu]], especially the [[Jie people]], during the [[Wei–Jie war]] in the fourth century AD. People with racial characteristics such as high-bridged noses and bushy beards were killed; in total, 200,000 were reportedly massacred.<ref>[http://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B7107 《晉書·卷一百七》] [[Jin Shu]] '''Original text''' 閔躬率趙人誅諸胡羯，無貴賤男女少長皆斬之，死者二十余萬，屍諸城外，悉為野犬豺狼所食。屯據四方者，所在承閔書誅之，于時高鼻多須至有濫死者半。</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Cromwellian conquest of Ireland]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||[[Ireland]]
-	||1649
-	||1653
-	|4 years
-	||The Parliamentarian reconquest of Ireland was brutal, and Cromwell is still a hated figure in Ireland.<ref>John Morley, ''Biography of Oliver Cromwell'', p. 298. published 1900 and 2001; {{ISBN|978-1-4212-6707-4}} "Cromwell is still a hate figure in Ireland today because of the brutal effectiveness of his campaigns in Ireland. Of course, his victories in Ireland made him a hero in Protestant England." {{cite web|url=http://www.learningcurve.gov.uk/civilwar/g5/cs2/s4|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2009-05-25|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928062053/http://www.learningcurve.gov.uk/civilwar/g5/cs2/s4|archivedate=2007-09-28}} British National Archives web site; accessed March 2007; {{cite web|url=http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/military/1649-52-cromwell-ireland.htm|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2006-01-17|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041211163740/http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/military/1649-52-cromwell-ireland.htm|archivedate=2004-12-11}} From a history site dedicated to the English Civil War. "...&nbsp;making Cromwell's name into one of the most hated in Irish history"; accessed March 2007. {{cite web|url=http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/military/1649-52-cromwell-ireland.htm|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2006-01-17|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041211163740/http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/military/1649-52-cromwell-ireland.htm|archivedate=December 11, 2004}}</ref> The extent to which Cromwell, who was in direct command for the first year of the campaign, was responsible for the atrocities is debated to this day. Some historians<ref>Philip McKeiver in his 2007 work, ''A New History of Cromwell's Irish Campaign'' {{ISBN|978-0-9554663-0-4}} and Tom Reilly, 1999, ''Cromwell: An Honourable Enemy''; {{ISBN|0-86322-250-1}}</ref> argue that the actions of Cromwell were within the then-accepted rules of war, or were exaggerated or distorted by later propagandists. These arguments, in turn, have been challenged by others.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Coyle|first=Eugene|title=Cromwell: An Honourable Enemy, Tom Reilly [review of]|url=http://www.historyireland.com/cromwell/cromwell-an-honourable-enemy-tom-reilly-brandon-press-17-99-isbn-0863222501|date=Winter 1999|journal=History Ireland|issue=4|department=Book Reviews|volume=7|accessdate=10 October 2014}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Caste War of Yucatán]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||[[Yucatán Peninsula]], [[Mexico]]
-	||1847
-	||1901
-	|54 years
-	||The [[Caste War of Yucatán]] against the population of European descent, called Yucatecos, who held political and economic control of the region. Adam Jones wrote, "Genocidal atrocities on both sides cost up to 200,000 killed."{{sfn|Robins|Jones|2009|p=50}}– Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	|[[Great Famine of Mount Lebanon]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	|[[Mount Lebanon]]
-	|1915
-	|1918
-	|3 years
-	|One of the various [[genocides]] and [[ethnic cleansings]] the [[Ottoman Empire]] committed under the administration of the [[Young Turks]].
-	|-
-	||[[Third Punic War]]
-	||{{nts|150000}}<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Dutton |first1=Donald G. |title=The Psychology of Genocide, Massacres, and Extreme Violence: Why "normal" People Come to Commit Atrocities|year=2007|publisher=[[Greenwood Publishing Group]]|page=14|isbn=9780275990008}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|250000}}<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Friedman|first1=Mark|title=Genocide (Hot Topics)|year=2013|publisher=Raintree|page=58|isbn=9781406235081}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|193649}}
-	||[[Tunisia]]
-	||149 BC
-	||146 BC
-	|3 years
-	||This war was a much smaller engagement than the two previous Punic Wars and focused on [[Tunisia]], mainly on the [[Battle of Carthage (c. 149 BC)|Siege of Carthage]], which resulted in the complete destruction of the city, the annexation of all remaining Carthaginian territory by Rome, and the death or enslavement of the entire Carthaginian population. The Third Punic War ended Carthage's independent existence.
-	|-
-	||[[War in Darfur]]
-	||{{plainlist|
-	*{{nts|63000}}<ref name="Darfur: Counting the Deaths: Mortality Estimates from Multiple Survey Data">{{cite web|url=http://www.cedat.be/sites/default/files/ID%20214%20-%20Counting%20the%20death%20(2).pdf|title=Microsoft Word – Letters9|accessdate=24 March 2010}}</ref>
-	*{{nts|10000}} (Sudan)<ref>"[http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gMU9_nxHnfBspo342jYG0nXyx7-gD91TRRCO0 Sudan president charged with genocide in Darfur]", ''[[Associated Press]]''. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080724220641/http://ap.google.com/article/ALeqM5gMU9_nxHnfBspo342jYG0nXyx7-gD91TRRCO0|date=24 July 2008}}</ref>}}
-	||{{plainlist|
-	*{{nts|450000}}<ref name="Quantifying Genocide in Darfur">Dr. [[Eric Reeves]], [http://www.sudanreeves.org/Article102.html Quantifying Genocide in Darfur], April 28, 2006 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728071750/http://www.sudanreeves.org/Article102.html|date=28 July 2011}}</ref>
-	*{{nts|300000}} (U.N.)<ref name="bodycount">{{cite news|title=U.N.: 100,000 more dead in Darfur than reported|url=http://www.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/africa/04/22/darfur.holmes/index.html|publisher=CNN|date=22 April 2008|accessdate=22 April 2008}}</ref>}}
-	||{{plainlist|
-	*{{nts|168375}} (non-government estimates)
-	*{{nts|54772}} (government estimates)}}
-	||[[Darfur]], [[Sudan]]
-	||2003
-	||present
-	|15 years
-	||The [[War in Darfur]] is a major armed conflict in the [[Darfur]] region of [[Sudan]] that began in February 2003 when the [[Sudan Liberation Movement/Army|Sudan Liberation Movement]] (SLM) and [[Justice and Equality Movement]] (JEM) rebel groups began fighting the [[government of Sudan]], which they accused of oppressing Darfur's non-[[Arab]] population.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/3496731.stm|title=Q&A: Sudan's Darfur conflict|work=BBC News|date=8 February 2010|accessdate=24 March 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alertnet.org/db/crisisprofiles/SD_DAR.htm|title=Darfur conflict|publisher=Alertnet.org|accessdate=24 March 2010}}</ref> The government responded to attacks by carrying out a campaign of [[ethnic cleansing]] against Darfur's non-Arabs. This resulted in the deaths of hundreds of thousands of civilians and the indictment of Sudan's president [[Omar al-Bashir]] for [[genocide]], war crimes, and [[crimes against humanity]] by the [[International Criminal Court]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Prosecutor v. Omar Hassan Ahmad Al Bashir|url=https://www.icc-cpi.int/en_menus/icc/situations%20and%20cases/situations/situation%20icc%200205/related%20cases/icc02050109/Pages/icc02050109.aspx|website=[[International Criminal Court]]|accessdate=24 April 2016}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Polish Operation of the NKVD (1937–38)|Polish Operation of the NKVD]]
-	||{{nts|110000}}
-	||{{nts|250000}}
-	||{{nts|165831}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]]
-	||1937
-	||1938
-	|1 year
-	||The operation from 1937 to 1938 to eliminate the Polish minority in the Soviet Union.
-	|-
-	||[[Deportation of the Chechens and Ingush]]
-	||{{nts|123000}}<ref>{{Cite book|last=Pohl|first=J. Otto|year=1999|title=Ethnic Cleansing in the USSR, 1937–1949|publisher=[[Greenwood Press]]|lccn=98046822|isbn=9780313309212|ref=harv|pages=97–98}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|200000}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bancheli|last2=Bartmann|last3=Srebrnik|first1=Tozun|first2=Barry|first3=Henry|title=De Facto States: The Quest for Sovereignty|year=2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135771201|ref=harv|page=229}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|156843}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]]
-	||February 1944
-	||March 1944
-	|1 month
-	||Expulsion of the whole of the [[Nakh peoples|Vainakh]] ([[Chechen people|Chechen]] and [[Ingush people|Ingush]]) populations of the [[North Caucasus]] to [[Central Asia]].
-	|-
-	||[[Hamidian Massacres]]
-	||{{nts|80000}}
-	||{{nts|300000}}
-	||{{nts|154919}}
-	||[[Ottoman Empire]]
-	||1894
-	||1896
-	|2 years
-	||Mass murder of Armenian (and other Christian) civilians under [[Sultan]] [[Abdul Hamid II]] that foreshadowed the [[Armenian Genocide]].
-	|-
-	||[[Indonesian occupation of East Timor]]
-	||{{nts|60000}}<ref name="works.bepress.com">{{Cite journal|last=Cribb|first=Robert|date=2001|title=How many deaths? Problems in the statistics of massacre in Indonesia (1965-1966) and East Timor (1975-1980)|url=https://works.bepress.com/robert_cribb/2/|language=en}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|308000}}<ref name="Defert, Gabriel 1992">Defert, Gabriel, Timor Est le Genocide Oublié, L'Hartman, 1992.</ref>
-	||{{nts|135941}}
-	||[[East Timor]]
-	||{{nts|1974|format=no}}
-	||{{nts|1999|format=no}}
-	|25 years
-	|| The civilian deaths under the Indonesian occupation of East Timor, including killings, disappearances, and deaths caused by conflict-related hunger and illness,<ref>{{cite web|title=Conflict-related deaths in Timor-Leste 1974–1999|url=http://www.cavr-timorleste.org/updateFiles/english/CONFLICT-RELATED%20DEATHS.pdf|publisher=Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation in East Timor|accessdate=December 29, 2013}}</ref> resulted in an enormous proportional loss of life upon the island some estimating as high as 13% up to almost a third to almost 44% of the population.<ref name="Defert, Gabriel 1992" /><ref>''Asia Watch, Human Rights in Indonesia and East Timor'', Human Rights Watch, New York, 1989, p. 253<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref name="yale-university.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.yale-university.org/gsp/publications/KiernanRevised1.pdf|title=Yale University|accessdate=2008-02-18|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090227144225/http://www.yale-university.org/gsp/publications/KiernanRevised1.pdf|archivedate=2009-02-27}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia]]
-	||{{nts|60000}}<ref>''The Reconstruction of Nations'', 2004</ref><ref>''W kręgu Łun w Bieszczadach'', 2009, page 13</ref><ref>''Od rzezi wołyńskiej do akcji "Wisła", 2011, pp. 447–448<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed -->''</ref>
-	||{{nts|300000}}<ref>Terles in ''Ethnic Cleansing'', p. 61<br />Czesław Partacz, ''Prawda historyczna na prawda polityczna w badaniach naukowych. Przykład ludobójstwa na Kresach Południowo-Wschodniej Polski w latach 1939–1946''<br />Lucyna Kulińska "Dzieci Kresów III", Kraków 2009, p.&nbsp;467<br />Józef Turowski, Władysław Siemaszko: Zbrodnie nacjonalistów ukraińskich dokonane na ludności polskiej na Wołyniu 1939–1945. Główna Komisja Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce – Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Środowisko Żołnierzy 27 Wołyńskiej Dywizji Armii Krajowej w Warszawie, 1990
-	Hochspringen ↑ Władysław Siemaszko, Ewa Siemaszko [2000]: Ludobójstwo dokonane przez nacjonalistów ukraińskich na ludności polskiej Wołynia 1939–1945. Borowiecky, Warszawa 2000; {{ISBN|83-87689-34-3}}, S. 1056.</ref>
-	||{{nts|134164}}
-	||[[Volhyn]] and [[Eastern Galicia]]
-	||1943
-	||1944
-	|1 year
-	||Genocide<ref>{{cite web|title=Uchwala Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 15 lipca 2009 r. w sprawie tragicznego losu Polakow na Kresach Wschodnich|url=http://isap.sejm.gov.pl/DetailsServlet?id=WMP20090470684|publisher=Biuro Prasowe Kancelarii Sejmu|accessdate=17 August 2011}}</ref><ref name="Zbrodnie">''W świetle przedstawionych wyżej ustaleń nie ulega wątpliwości, że zbrodnie, których dopuszczono się wobec ludności narodowości polskiej, noszą charakter niepodlegających przedawnieniu zbrodni ludobójstwa.'' – Piotr Zając, ''Prześladowania ludności narodowości polskiej na terenie Wołynia w latach 1939–1945 – ocena karnoprawna zdarzeń w oparciu o ustalenia śledztwa OKŚZpNP w Lublinie'', [in:] [https://web.archive.org/web/20120323073558/http://ipn.gov.pl/download.php?s=1&id=19295 ''Zbrodnie przeszłości. Opracowania i materiały prokuratorów IPN'', t. 2: ''Ludobójstwo'', red. Radosław Ignatiew, Antoni Kura, Warszawa 2008], pp. 34–49<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> of Polish civilian population in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA).<ref name="Snyder B">Timothy Snyder [http://www.nybooks.com/blogs/nyrblog/2010/feb/24/a-fascist-hero-in-democratic-kiev "A fascist hero in democratic Kiev"], ''New York Review of Books'', February 24, 2010.</ref><ref>Keith Darden, ''[https://keithdarden.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/darden-natural-experiment.pdf Resisting Occupation: Lessons from a Natural Experiment in Carpathian Ukraine]'', pg. 5, Yale University, October 2, 2008.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref name="Himka2">J.P. Himka, "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130423172827/http://www.foa.ualberta.ca/en/Research/~/media/arts/Research/celebration_jph_march28.pdf Interventions: Challenging the Myths of Twentieth-Century Ukrainian history]", University of Alberta, March 28, 2011, pg. 4<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref name="Od rzezi, 447">Grzegorz Motyka, "Od rzezi wołyńskiej do akcji "Wisła",. ''Konflikt polsko-ukraiński 1943–1947'', Kraków (2011), pg. 447<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref>Timothy Snyder, ''The Reconstruction of Nations. Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999'', [[Yale University Press]]. 2003. pp. 170, 176<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||[[1972 Genocide of Burundian Hutus]]
-	||{{nts|80000}}
-	||{{nts|210000}}
-	||{{nts|129615}}
-	||[[Burundi]]
-	||1972
-	||1972
-	|?
-	||Communal mass murder of [[Hutu]]s by their rival tribe the [[Tutsi]] in [[Burundi]].
-	– Part of the [[Rwandan genocide|Rwandan]] and [[Burundian genocides]]
-	|-
-	||[[Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire]]
-	||{{nts|52000}}
-	||{{nts|254500}}
-	||{{nts|115039}}
-	||[[Russian Empire]]
-	||1903–1906
-	||1917–1922
-	|19 years
-	||The massacres of [[Jews]] in the [[Russian Empire]] reached their peak in the early 20th century, through the [[Anti-Jewish pogroms in the Russian Empire#1903–06|killing of thousands from 1903 to 1906]]<ref>Weinberg, Robert. ''The Revolution of 1905 in Odessa: Blood on the Steps''. 1993, pg. 164.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> and tens to hundreds of thousands from 1917 to 1922.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/History/pogroms.html#4|title=Pogroms|website=jewishvirtuallibrary.org|accessdate=March 8, 2018}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Kurdish rebellions in Turkey|Kurdish Rebellions in Turkey]]
-	||{{nts|33835}}
-	||{{nts|357000}}
-	||{{nts|109905}}
-	||[[Turkey]]
-	||1921
-	||present
-	|97 years
-	||All casualties from the various [[Kurdish population|Kurdish]] uprisings against the [[Turkey|Turkish]] state.
-
-	* 7,594<ref>Lundgren, Asa (2007). ''The unwelcome neighbour: Turkey's Kurdish policy''. London: Tauris & Co., pg. 44.</ref> to 40,000:<ref>McDowall, David (2007). ''A Modern History of the Kurds''. London: Tauris & Co. pp. 207–08.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> [[Dersim rebellion]]
-	* 15,000<ref name="The Militant Kurds page 86">Vera Eccarius-Kelly, ''The Militant Kurds: A Dual Strategy for Freedom'', pg. 86, 2010.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> to 250,000:<ref name="page 104">{{cite web|url=http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/val/sospo/vk/koivunen/theinvis.pdf|title=The Invisible War in North Kurdistan|last=Koivunen|first=Kristiina|website=ethesis.helsinki.fi|language=fi|page=104}}</ref> [[Sheikh Said rebellion]]
-	* 6,741<ref name="nearly7000">{{cite web|url=http://www.yenisafak.com/en/news/nearly-7000-civilians-killed-by-pkk-in-31-years-2237092|title=Nearly 7,000 civilians killed by PKK in 31 years|first=Yeni|last=Şafak|publisher=yenisafak.com|accessdate=March 8, 2018}}</ref> to 20,000:<ref>{{cite book|last1=Visweswaran|first1=edited by Kamala|title=Everyday Occupations: Experiencing Militarism in South Asia and the Middle East|date=2013|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-0812207835|page=14|edition= 1st|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pGcUBAAAQBAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Romano|first1=David|title=The Kurdish Nationalist Movement: Opportunity, Mobilization and Identity|date=2005|publisher=Cambridge University Press|location=Cambridge|isbn=0521684269|page=81|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ohSNu6bidEQC}}</ref> [[Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)|Modern Turk-Kurd conflict]]
-	* 4,500 to 47,000:<ref name="Cumhurıyetı16">Yusuf Mazhar, ''Cumhuriyet'', 16 Temmuz 1930, ''... Zilan harekatında imha edilenlerin sayısı 15,000 kadardır. Zilan Deresi ağzına kadar ceset dolmuştur...''</ref><ref name="Kahraman211">Ahmet Kahraman, ''ibid'', pg. 211, ''[[Ağrı|Karaköse]], 14 (Özel muhabirimiz bildiriyor) ...''</ref><ref name="Ayse">[[Ayşe Hür]], [http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber/osmanlidan-bugune-kurtler-ve-devlet-4.htm "Osmanlı'dan bugüne Kürtler ve Devlet-4"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225123429/http://www.taraf.com.tr/haber/osmanlidan-bugune-kurtler-ve-devlet-4.htm|date=2011-02-25}}, ''[[Taraf]]'', October 23, 2008; retrieved August 16, 2010.</ref><ref>M. Kalman, ''Belge, tanık ve yaşayanlarıyla Ağrı Direnişi 1926–1930'', Pêrî Yayınları, İstanbul, 1997; {{ISBN|975-8245-01-5}}, pg. 105.</ref><ref>"Der Krieg am Ararat" (Telegramm unseres Korrespondenten) ''[[Berliner Tageblatt]]'', October 3, 1930, "... die Türken in der Gegend von Zilan 220 Dörfer zerstört und 4500 Frauen und Greise massakriert."</ref> [[Ararat rebellion]]
-	|-
-	||[[Deportation of the Crimean Tatars]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]]
-	||1944
-	||1945
-	|1 year
-	||Often considered an [[ethnic cleansing]], and [[Ukraine]] considers the event [[genocide]].
-	|-
-	||Massacres of European colonists during the rebellions of [[Túpac Amaru II]] and [[Túpac Katari]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||Present day [[Peru]]
-	||1780
-	||1782
-	|2 years
-	||The indigenous rebellions of [[Túpac Amaru II]] and [[Túpac Katari]] against the Spanish between 1780 and 1782, cost over 100,000 colonists' lives in [[Peru]] and Upper Peru (present-day [[Bolivia]]).{{sfn|Robins|Jones|2009|p=1}}
-	|-
-	||[[Eighty Years' War (1566–1609)|Spanish repressions of Dutch Protestants]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||The [[Low Countries]]
-	||1566
-	||1609
-	|43 years
-	||100,000 massacred under Charles V and Philip II during the [[Eighty Years' War]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Halley's Bible Handbook, 24th ed.|date=1965}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Al-Anfal campaign|Al-Anfal genocide]]<ref name="hrw.org"/>
-	||{{nts|50000}}<ref name="hrw.org">{{cite web|url=http://hrw.org/reports/1993/iraqanfal|title=Iraqi Anfal|publisher=Human Rights Watch|date=1993|accessdate=2013-08-31}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|182000}}<ref name="Frontline">"Frontline"</ref>
-	||{{nts|95394}}
-	||[[Ba'athist Iraq|Iraq]]<ref name="hrw.org"/>
-	||1986
-	||1989
-	|3 years
-	||The [[Al-Anfal campaign|Kurdish genocide]] led by [[Ali Hassan al-Majid]] under the order of [[Saddam Hussein]].
-	|-
-	||Atrocities against [[Harkis]] after the [[Algerian War]]
-	||{{nts|50000}}<ref name="Horne 537">{{cite book|first=Alistair|last=Horne|pages=[https://archive.org/details/savagewarofpeace00horn/page/537 537]|title=A Savage War of Peace|isbn=0-670-61964-7|url=https://archive.org/details/savagewarofpeace00horn/page/537}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|150000}}<ref name="Horne 537" />
-	||{{nts|86603}}
-	||[[Algeria]]
-	||1962
-	||?
-	|?
-	||The [[Harkis]] were seen as traitors by many Algerians, and many of those who stayed behind suffered severe reprisals after independence. French historians estimate that somewhere between 50,000 and 150,000 [[Harkis]] and members of their families were killed by the FLN or by lynch mobs in Algeria, often in atrocious circumstances or after torture.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Aktion T4]]
-	||{{nts|70273}}
-	||{{nts|93521}}
-	||{{nts|81068}}
-	||[[Nazi Germany]]
-	||1939
-	||1941
-	|2 years
-	||A euthanasia program in [[Nazi Germany]] used to purge those deemed genetically deficient.
-	|-
-	||Italian [[Pacification of Libya]]
-	||{{nts|80000}}
-	||{{nts|80000}}
-	||{{nts|80000}}
-	||[[Libya]]
-	||1923
-	||1932
-	|9 years
-	||<ref name="Mann309">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cGHGPgj1_tIC&pg=PA309|title=The Dark Side of Democracy: Explaining Ethnic Cleansing|last=Mann|first=Michael|date=2006|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-53854-1|page=309}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Guatemalan genocide]]
-	||{{nts|35000}}
-	||{{nts|166000}}
-	||{{nts|76223}}
-	||[[Guatemala]]
-	||1960
-	||1996
-	|36 years
-	||According to the [[Historical Clarification Commission]], 140,000 to 200,000 were killed or disappeared, and at least 42,275 were killed by human rights violations during the [[Guatemalan Civil War]], of which 93% were from officially sanctioned government terror and 83% of the victims were [[Maya peoples|Maya]].
-	– Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	||Racial violence during the [[Rwandan Revolution]]
-	| colspan="3"|{{ntsh|60000}}50,000 Hutus and tens of thousands of [[Tutsis]]
-	||[[Burundi]] and [[Rwanda]]
-	||1959
-	||1962
-	|3 years
-	||<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|title=Genocides, Politicides, and Other Mass Murder Since 1945, With Stages in 2008|url=http://www.genocidewatch.org/images/GenocidesandPoliticidessince1945withstagesin2008.pdf|website=Genocide Watch|publisher=Genocide Watch|date=2008|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Indian integration of Hyderabad|Indian annexation of Hyderabad]]
-	||{{nts|27000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|73485}}
-	||[[Hyderabad State]], [[India]]
-	||1948
-	||1948
-	|5 days
-	||<ref>{{cite web|last1=Noorani|first1=A.G.|title=Of a massacre untold|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1805/18051130.htm|website=Frontline|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Thompson|first1=Mike|title=Hyderabad 1948: India's hidden massacre|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-24159594|work=BBC News|date=2013-09-24}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Effacer le tableau]]
-	||{{nts|60000}}
-	||{{nts|70000}}
-	||{{nts|64807}}
-	||[[Democratic Republic of Congo]]
-	||1998
-	||2003
-	|5 years
-	||[[Pygmy peoples]] were murdered en masse as they were regarded as subhumans.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Herero and Namaqua genocide]]
-	||{{nts|34000}}
-	||{{nts|110000}}
-	||{{nts|61,156}}
-	||[[German South-West Africa]]
-	||1904
-	||1907
-	|3 years
-	||Genocides of the [[Herero people|Herero]] and [[Nama people|Nama]] peoples by the [[German Empire]] during the [[Herero Wars]].
-	|-
-	||[[Ethnic cleansing in the Bosnian War|Ethnic cleansing]] and [[Bosnian genocide|genocide]] committed by all sides during the [[Yugoslav Wars]]
-	||{{nts|52856}}
-	||{{nts|64917}}
-	||{{nts|58577}}
-	||[[Yugoslavia]]
-	||1991
-	||2001
-	|10 years
-	||All civilians killed in the Yugoslav Wars including events such as the [[Srebrenica Massacre]], [[Žepa#Bosnian War|Žepa Massacre]], [[Lašva Valley ethnic cleansing]], and other atrocities.
-	69.8% to 82% of civilian victims of the [[Bosnian War]] were [[Bosniak]]. During the War in Croatia, 43.4% of the killed on the Croatian side were civilians.{{sfn|Fink|2010|p=469}}
-
-	* 34,764<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icty.org/x/file/About/OTP/War_Demographics/en/bih_casualty_undercount_conf_paper_100201.pdf|publisher=ICTY|title=THE 1992–95 WAR IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: CENSUS-BASED MULTIPLE SYSTEM ESTIMATION OF CASUALTIES' UNDERCOUNT|accessdate=27 January 2013}}</ref> to 40,330:<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7Bl9KT9NME0C&pg=PA96|title=Courting Democracy in Bosnia and Herzegovina|author=Lara J. Nettelfield|year=2010|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-0-521-76380-6|pages=96–98}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=After years of toil, book names Bosnian war dead|date=2013-02-15|work=[[Reuters]]|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/15/us-bosnia-dead-idUSBRE91E0J220130215}}</ref> [[Bosnian War]]
-	* 10,844<ref name="Kosovo">*[http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/kosovo-war-victims-list-published Kosovo Memory Book Database Presentation and Evaluation" (PDF), balkaninsight.com; retrieved 6 February 2016.]
-	*[http://www.hlc-rdc.org/?p=28616&lang=de "Serbia marks anniversary of NATO bombing"], hlc-rdc.org; retrieved 6 May 2012.</ref> to 14,661:<ref name="Kosovo" /> [[Kosovo War]]
-	* 7,158<ref name="croat">*Srpske žrtve rata i poraća na području Hrvatske i bivše RSK 1990. – 1998. godine", ''Veritas''; retrieved June 16, 2015.{{hr icon}}<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed -->
-	*Martić Witness Details Croatian War Casualties", ''Global Voices BALKANS''; retrieved April 13, 2006.{{en icon}}
-	*[[Marko Attila Hoare]], "Genocide in Bosnia and the failure of international justice" (PDF), Kingston University (UK), April 2008; retrieved March 23, 2011.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> to 9,836:<ref name="croat" /> [[Croatian War of Independence]]
-	* 90:<ref>*"Dëshmorët e Ushtrisë Çlirimtare Kombëtare", shkruar nga Xhemal Selimi. Tanusha 2001. 15 February 2011.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed -->
-	*Bender, Kristof (2013). "How the U.S. and EU Stopped a War and Nobody Noticed: The Containment of the Macedonian Conflict and EU Soft Power". In Berdal, Mats; Zaum, Dominik. Political Economy of Statebuilding: Power After Peace. London: Routledge. pg. 341; {{ISBN|978-0-203-10130-8}}</ref> [[2001 insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia]]
-	|-
-	||[[American Indian Wars]] of the [[United States]]
-	||{{nts|49000}}
-	||{{nts|64000}}
-	||{{nts|56000}}
-	||Now the [[United States]]
-	||1511
-	||1890
-	|389 years
-	||From the U.S. Bureau of the Census (1894): "The Indian wars under the government of the United States have been more than 40 in number. They have cost the lives of about 19,000 white people, including those killed in individual combats, and the lives of about 30,000 Indians. The actual number of killed and wounded Indians must be very much higher than the given&nbsp;... Fifty percent additional would be a safe estimate&nbsp;..."{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]].{{citation needed|date=May 2019}}
-	|-
-	| Massacres of Polish civilians during the [[Warsaw Uprising]]
-	||{{nts|50000}}
-	||{{nts|60000}}<ref>Lukas, Richard C. (2012). ''The Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles under German Occupation, 1939–1944''. Hippocrene Books. p. 197. {{ISBN|978-0-7818-1302-0}}.</ref><ref>Walter Laqueur & Judith Tydor Baumel (2001). "Dirlewanger, Oskar". ''The Holocaust Encyclopedia'', Yale University Press (pg. 150), {{ISBN|0300084323}}; retrieved 24 June 2012.</ref>
-	||{{nts|54772}}
-	||[[Occupied Poland]]
-	||{{ntsh|1944.60}}5 August 1944 ||{{ntsh|1944.62}}12 August 1944
-	|1 week|| Polish fatalities in districts of Wola and Ochota committed during [[Warsaw Uprising]]
-	|-
-	||[[1993 Genocide of Burundian Tutsis]]
-	||{{nts|50000}}
-	||{{nts|50000}}
-	||{{nts|50000}}
-	||[[Burundi]]
-	||1993
-	||1993
-	|?
-	||Communal mass murder of [[Tutsi]]s by their rival tribe the [[Hutu]] in [[Burundi]].
-	– Part of the [[Rwandan genocide|Rwandan]] and [[Burundian genocides]]
-	|-
-	||[[Witch trials in the early modern period]]
-	||{{nts|20000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|44721}}
-	||Europe
-	||1400
-	||1800
-	|300 years
-	||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#Witch|title=Twentieth Century Atlas – Historical Body Count|website=necrometrics.com|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|-
-	|British concentration camps during the [[Second Boer War#Concentration camps (1900–1902)|Second Boer War]]
-	|{{nts|26000}}
-	|{{nts|40000}}
-	|{{nts|32249}}
-	|[[South African Republic|Transvaal]]
-	|1900
-	|1902
-	|2 years
-	|[[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] led the British army against the [[Boer Republics]] in the [[Second Boer War]] in Southern Africa. In an attempt to pacify Boer guerrillas, he targeted their families, and 116,000 Boer women and children were captured and jailed by the British, Within 2 years, 22,074 children died and 4,177 women died due to deliberate neglect by the British. 115,000 black people were separately jailed, of whom 15,000 died in prison camps.<ref name="46 black people died in the black concentration camps">{{cite web|url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/523-people-die-black-concentration-camps-second-anglo-boer-war|title=15,000 black people died in concentration camps|accessdate=August 2, 2018|date=2011-03-16}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Great Fire of Smyrna]]
-	||{{nts|10000}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Biondich|first=Mark|title=The Balkans: Revolution, War, and Political Violence since 1878|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vC-Fk7Mxu2MC&pg=PA92|year=2011|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-929905-8|page=92}}</ref><ref>Naimark, Norman M. ''Fires of Hatred: Ethnic Cleansing in Twentieth-Century Europe''. Cambridge: MA: Harvard University Press, 2002, pg. 52.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|100000}}<ref>{{cite book|first=[[Irving Louis Horowitz]]|last=Rudolph J. Rummel|title=Death by Government|publisher=Transaction Publishers|year=1994|isbn=978-1-56000-927-6|chapter=Turkey's Genocidal Purges}}, pg. 233.</ref><ref>Naimark. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=L-QLXnX16kAC&pg=PA46&dq=atrocities+against+turks+occupation&ct=result&resnum=9#v=onepage&q=atrocities%20against%20turks%20occupation Fires of Hatred]'', pp. 47–52.</ref>
-	||{{nts|31623}}
-	||[[Smyrna]], [[Ottoman Empire]]
-	||{{ntsh|1922.70}}September 9, 1922
-	||{{ntsh|1922.73}}September 24, 1922
-	|15 days
-	|| Fires set during attacks on Greeks and Armenians by Turkish mobs and military forces in Smyrna at the end of the [[Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)]].
-	The violence and fires resulted in the destruction of the Greek and Armenian portions of the city and the massacre of their populations.
-
-	After the attacks, 30,000 Greek and Armenian men left behind were deported by Turkish forces, many of whom were subsequently killed.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||Massacres of [[Kyrgyz people|Kyrgyz]] people during the [[Urkun|Central Asian revolt of 1916]]
-	||{{nts|3000}}
-	||{{nts|270000}}
-	||{{nts|28460}}
-	||[[Russian Empire]], [[Kyrgyzstan]]
-	||1916
-	||1916
-	|7 months
-	||In 1916, there was an uprising and crackdown of [[Kyrgyzstan]]is against and by Tsarist Russia in what is now known as the [[Urkun]].
-	A public commission in [[Kyrgyzstan]] called the crackdown of 1916 that killed 100,000 to 270,000 Kyrgyzstanis a [[genocide]]<nowiki/>though [[Russia]] rejected this characterization.<ref>{{cite news|title=Commission Calls 1916 Tsarist Mass Killings Of Kyrgyz Genocide Print Share|url=http://www.rferl.org/content/kyrgyzstan-1916-russia-mass-killings-genocide/27926414.html|agency=Radio Free Europe}}</ref>
-
-	[[Russia]]n sources put the death toll at 3,000.<ref>[http://www.krugosvet.ru/articles/124/1012486/print.htm Krugosvet Encyclopaedia. Article on Sturmer] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111155448/http://www.krugosvet.ru/articles/124/1012486/print.htm|date=2007-11-11}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Captivity of Mangalorean Catholics at Seringapatam]]
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|65000}}
-	||{{nts|25495}}
-	||[[Kanara|Canara]]
-	||1784
-	||1799
-	|15 years
-	||A 15-year imprisonment of [[Mangalorean Catholics]] and other Christians at [[Seringapatam]] in the Indian region of [[Kanara|Canara]] by [[Tipu Sultan]], the ''de facto'' ruler of the [[Kingdom of Mysore]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||1988 [[Burundi]]an massacre of [[Hutu]]s
-	||{{nts|25000}}
-	||{{nts|25000}}
-	||{{nts|25000}}
-	||[[Burundi]]
-	||1988
-	||1988
-	|?
-	||<ref name="auto1" /> – Part of the [[Rwandan genocide|Rwandan]] and [[Burundian genocides]]
-	|-
-	||[[Parsley massacre]]
-	||{{nts|17000}}<ref name="Newman" /><ref name="Tunzelmann" />
-	||{{nts|35000}}<ref name="Newman">{{cite book|author=Graeme R. Newman|title=Crime and Punishment around the World [4 volumes]: [Four Volumes]|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2uK6bR9byVIC&pg=RA1-PA133|year=2010|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-35134-1|page=1}}</ref><ref name="Tunzelmann">{{cite book|author=Alex von Tunzelmann|title=Red Heat: Conspiracy, Murder and the Cold War in the Caribbean|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CMya7T_-dRYC&pg=PA1933|year=2012|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-1-4711-1477-9|page=1933}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|24393}}
-	||[[Dominican Republic]]
-	||October 2, 1937
-	||October 8, 1937
-	|6 days
-	||[[Genocidal massacre]] of people who say {{lang|es|perejil}} (Spanish: "parsley") in a French accent in order to determine if they are [[Afro-Haitian]] or [[Afro-Dominicans (Dominican Republic)|Afro-Dominican]].
-	|-
-	||[[Australian frontier wars]]
-	||{{nts|22000}}
-	||{{nts|22500}}
-	||{{nts|22249}}
-	||[[Australia]]
-	||1788
-	||1934
-	|146 years
-	||Wars between [[Indigenous Australians]] and settlers in which about 20,000 aboriginal were massacred, along with two to 2,500 settlers dying in combat.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}See also: [[List of massacres of Indigenous Australians]]
-	|-
-	||[[Ethnic cleansing of Georgians|Ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia]]
-	||{{nts|17000}}
-	||{{nts|28000}}
-	||{{nts|21817}}
-	||[[Abkhazia]] and [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]
-	||1992
-	||1993
-	|1 year
-	||The ethnic cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia,<ref>Budapest Declaration and Geneva Declaration on Ethnic Cleansing of Georgians in Abkhazia between 1992 and 1993 adopted by the OSCE and recognized as ethnic cleansing in 1994 and 1999.</ref><ref name="Russia p 27">The Guns of August 2008, Russia's War in Georgia, Svante Cornell & Frederick Starr, pg. 27.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref>Anatol Lieven, "Victorious Abkhazian Army Settles Old Scores in An Orgy of Looting", ''The Times'', October 4, 1993.</ref><ref name="ReferenceB">"In Georgia, Tales of Atrocities Lee Hockstander", ''International Herald Tribune'', October 22, 1993.</ref><ref>The Human Rights Field Operation: Law, Theory and Practice, Abkhazia Case, [[Michael C. O'Flaherty|Michael O'Flaherty]]<!-- publisher, year, ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref><ref>''The Politics of Religion in Russia and the New States of Eurasia'', Michael Bourdeaux, pg. 237.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher, year needed --></ref><ref>Managing Conflict in the Former Soviet Union: Russian and American Perspectives, Alekseĭ Georgievich Arbatov, pg. 388</ref><ref name="Empire p. 72">Georgiy I. Mirsky, ''On Ruins of Empire: Ethnicity and Nationalism in the Former Soviet Union'', pg. 72<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher, year needed --></ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Europe/Georgia-HISTORY.html|title=Georgia: History|publisher=Nationsencyclopedia.com|accessdate=2013-04-16}}</ref><ref>Roger Kaplan, ''Freedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights and Civil Liberties'', pg. 564<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher, year needed --></ref><ref>''Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus'', pg. 174.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher, year needed --></ref><ref>Michael Bourdeaux, ''The Politics of Religion in Russia and the New States of Eurasia'', pg. 238.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher, year needed --></ref> also known as the "massacres of Georgians in Abkhazia",<ref name="ReferenceA">Svetlana Mikhailovna Chervonnaia, ''Conflict in the Caucasus: Georgia, Abkhazia, and the Russian Shadow'', Gothic Image Publications, 1994.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, page(s) needed --></ref><ref>Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Soviet Union, Svante E. Cornell</ref> and "genocide of Georgians in Abkhazia"<ref>Tamaz Nadareishvili, ''Conspiracy Against Georgia, Tbilisi'', 2002.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher needed --></ref> Refers to [[ethnic cleansing]],<ref>''Human Rights Watch Helsinki'', Vol 7, No 7, March 1995, pg. 230.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> massacres<ref>Gary K. Bertsch, ''Crossroads and Conflict: Security and Foreign Policy in the Caucasus and Central Asia'', pg. 161.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher needed --></ref> and forced mass expulsion of thousands of ethnic [[Georgian people|Georgians]]
-	|-
-	||[[Dersim Massacre]]
-	||{{nts|7594}}
-	||{{nts|40000}}
-	||{{nts|17429}}
-	||[[Dersim]], [[Turkey]]
-	||1937
-	||1937
-	|8 months
-	||The [[Dersim massacre]] was a massacre of [[Kurdish people]] ([[Alevism|Alevi]] [[Kurmanj]] and [[Zaza people|Zaza]]) by the [[Turkey|Turkish government]] in the [[Dersim]] region of eastern Turkey, which includes parts of [[Tunceli Province]], [[Elazığ Province]], and [[Bingöl Province]].<ref name="Dersim 38 Conference">{{cite web|url=http://www.pen-kurd.org/almani/haydar/Dersim-PresseerklC3A4rungEnglish.pdf|title=Dersim '38 Conference}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Suppression of the Dersim Rebellion in Turkey (1937–38)|url=http://www.hum.uu.nl/medewerkers/m.vanbruinessen/publications/Dersim_rebellion.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009015747/http://www.hum.uu.nl/medewerkers/m.vanbruinessen/publications/Dersim_rebellion.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=9 October 2011|accessdate=20 January 2016|publisher=University of Pennsylvania}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Jacqueline Sammali|title=Etre Kurde, un délit?: portrait d'un peuple nié|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PUSgS0Y-pRsC&pg=PA119|year=1995|publisher=Harmattan|isbn=978-2-7384-3772-3|page=119}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Sabri Cigerli|title=Les Kurdes et leur histoire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MxKFhFCzeLcC&pg=PA125|year=1999|publisher=Harmattan|isbn=978-2-7384-7662-3|page=125}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weeklyzaman.com/en/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?newsId=4970|title=Can Kurds rely on the Turkish state?|publisher=Weeklyzaman.com|date=2011-10-14|accessdate=2013-12-24|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129011435/http://www.weeklyzaman.com/en/newsDetail_getNewsById.action?newsId=4970|archivedate=2014-11-29}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/middle-eastnorth-africapersian-gulf-region/turkeykurds-1922-present|title=16. Turkey/Kurds (1922–present)|publisher=Uca.edu|accessdate=2013-12-24}}</ref><ref name="GD">Birinci Genel Müfettişlik Bölgesi, ''Güney Doğu'', İstanbul, pp. 66, 194. {{tr icon}}; accessed August 2, 2018.</ref> The massacre occurred after a rebellion led by [[Seyid Riza]] against the [[Turkification]] policies of the Turkish government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.massviolence.org/IMG/article_PDF/Dersim-Massacre-1937-1938.pdf|title=Accueil – Sciences Po Violence de masse et Résistance – Réseau de recherche|website=massviolence.org|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}</ref> As a result of the Turkish military campaign against the rebellion, thousands of [[Alevi]] [[Zazas]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.sciencespo.fr/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance/|title=Accueil {{!}} Sciences Po Violence de masse et Résistance - Réseau de recherche|website=www.sciencespo.fr|access-date=2019-07-29}}</ref> died and many others were internally displaced due to the conflict.
-	– Part of the [[Kurdish rebellions in Turkey|Kurdish Rebellions in Turkey]]
-	|-
-	||[[1966 anti-Igbo pogrom]]
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|30000}}
-	||{{nts|17321}}
-	||[[Nigeria]]
-	||May 29, 1966
-	||October 1966
-	|4 months, 2 days
-	||<ref name="McKenna-1969">{{cite journal|last1=McKenna|first1=Joseph C.|title=Elements of a Nigerian Peace|journal=Foreign Affairs|date=1969|volume=47|issue=4|pages=668–680|doi=10.2307/20039407|jstor=20039407}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[List of Indian massacres|Indian massacres]] in the [[United States]] frontiers
-	||{{nts|16349}}
-	||{{nts|16349}}
-	||{{nts|16349}}
-	||What is now the [[United States]]
-	||1511
-	||1890
-	|379 years
-	||It is difficult to determine the total number of people who died as a result of Indian massacres. However, one book, ''The Wild Frontier: Atrocities during the American-Indian War from Jamestown Colony to Wounded Knee'', presents an estimate by counting every recorded atrocity in the area that would eventually become the continental United States, from first contact (1511) to the closing of the frontier (1890). The parameters were limited to the intentional and indiscriminate [[murder]], [[torture]], or mutilation of civilians, the wounded, and prisoners. The results revealed that 7,193 people died from atrocities perpetrated by those of European descent, and 9,156 people died from atrocities perpetrated by Native Americans.<ref name="Osborn, William M. 2001">Osborn, William M. (2001). ''The Wild Frontier: Atrocities During The American-Indian War from Jamestown Colony to Wounded Knee'', Garden City, New York: Random House; {{ISBN|978-0-375-50374-0}}</ref>– Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	||[[Persecution of Biharis in Bangladesh]]
-	||{{nts|1000}}
-	||{{nts|150000}}<ref name="Fink2010">{{cite book|author=George Fink|title=Stress of War, Conflict and Disaster|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOq4XV94wLsC&pg=PA292 |date=2010 |publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-381382-4|page=292}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Encyclopedia of Violence, Peace and Conflict: Po – Z, index. 3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TG2kN033mDkC&pg=PA64|date=1999|publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-12-227010-9|page=64}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|12247}}
-	||[[Bangladesh]]
-	||1971
-	||1971
-	|?
-	||Most extreme episode of the massacres of [[Biharis]] by [[Bengalis|Bengali]] mobs
-	|-
-	||[[Gukurahundi]]
-	||{{nts|3750}}<ref>"CCJP"</ref>
-	||{{nts|30000}}<ref name="hill77">{{cite book
-	|title=The Battle for Zimbabwe: The Final Countdown
-	|last=Hill
-	|first=Geoff
-	|location=Johannesburg
-	|publisher=Struik Publishers
-	|year=2005|origyear=2003
-	|isbn=978-1-86872-652-3
-	|page=77}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|10607}}
-	||[[Zimbabwe]]
-	||1983
-	||1987
-	|5 years
-	||[[Ethnic cleansing]] and executions of members of the [[Southern Ndebele people|Ndebele]] by the [[Robert Mugabe]]'s [[Zimbabwean Fifth Brigade|Fifth Brigade]].
-	|-
-	||[[Cambodian genocide#Ethnic and religious victims|Vietnamese genocide by Khmer Rouge]]
-	||{{nts|10000}}<ref name="ReferenceC" />
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||[[Democratic Kampuchea]]
-	||1975
-	||1979
-	|4 years
-	||100% of the [[Vietnamese people|Vietnamese]] in [[Cambodia]] were slaughtered during the [[genocide]], according to [[Samuel Totten]].
-	– Part of the [[Cambodian genocide]]
-	|-
-	||Thai Genocide by [[Khmer Rouge]]
-	||{{nts|8000}}<ref name="ReferenceC" />
-	||{{nts|8000}}
-	||{{nts|8000}}
-	||[[Democratic Kampuchea]]
-	||1975
-	||1979
-	|4 years
-	||40% of Thai in [[Cambodia]] were killed during the [[Cambodian genocide]] according to [[Samuel Totten]].
-	– Part of the [[Cambodian genocide]]
-	|-
-	||[[1946 Bihar riots]]
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||{{nts|30000}}
-	||{{nts|7746}}
-	||[[Bihar]], [[British India]]
-	||October 30, 1946
-	||November 7, 1946
-	|8 days
-	||Killings of Bihari Muslims by Bengali Hindus in retaliation to the [[Direct Action Day]] riots.<ref>Ian Stephens, ''Pakistan'' (New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1963), pg. 111.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>{{sfn|''The New York Times'' (a)|1946}}
-	|-
-	||[[Noakhali riots]]
-	||{{nts|5000}}
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|7071}}
-	||[[Noakhali]] Region, [[Bengal]], British India
-	||October 1946
-	||November 1946
-	|1 month
-	||Killings of Bengali Hindus by Bengali Muslims in retaliation to the [[Direct Action Day]] riots.
-	|-
-	||[[Sétif and Guelma massacre]]
-	||{{nts|1020}}
-	||{{nts|45000}}
-	||{{nts|6775}}
-	||[[Algeria]]
-	||1945
-	||1945
-	|?
-	||<ref>"[[Horne27]]"</ref>
-	|-
-	||Deaths of indigenous children in the [[Canadian Indian residential school system|Canadian residential schools]] system
-	||{{nts|3201}}<ref name="auto2">{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/specialseries/2017/01/canada-dark-secret-170130091149080.html|title=Canada's Dark Secret|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=20 May 2018|quote=6,000 children died in these schools. Some evidence puts the casualties at three times that number.}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GbZDUvvy258|title=Death toll in Residential Schools|last=CBC News: The National|date=14 December 2015|via=YouTube}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|32010}}
-	||{{nts|17606}}
-	||[[Canada]]
-	||1876
-	||1996
-	|120 years
-	||<ref name="auto4">{{cite web|url=http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools/|title=Residential Schools|last=Miller|first=J.R.}}</ref><ref name="cbc.ca" /><ref name="Tasker" /><ref name="Smith" /><ref name="auto7">{{cite web|url=http://humansarefree.com/2014/04/the-canadian-genocide-tens-of-thousands.html|title=The Canadian Genocide: Tens of Thousands of CHILDREN Killed by the CHURCH|website=humansarefree.com}}<wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=May 2019}}</ref><ref name="Luxen">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33001425|title=Survivors of Canada's 'cultural genocide' still healing|last1=Luxen|first1=Micah|date=June 24, 2016|accessdate=June 28, 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160725181119/http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33001425|archivedate=July 25, 2016|deadurl=no|publisher=BBC|df=}}</ref><ref name="trccanada" /><ref name="Palmater">{{Cite web|url=https://nowtoronto.com/news/canada-s-150th-a-celebration-of-indigenous-genocide/|title=Canada 150 is a celebration of Indigenous genocide|author=Pamela Palmater|date=March 29, 2017|work=Now|quote=Celebrating genocide is not what most would consider a modern Canadian value. While use of the term "genocide" to describe Canada's treatment of Indigenous peoples has created a great deal of debate, there has always been a recognition that, at minimum, Canada was guilty of "cultural genocide," even if individuals couldn't bring themselves to accept more sinister intentions. Former prime minister Paul Martin told the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) that it was time to call the residential schools policy what it was: "cultural genocide." Supreme Court of Canada Chief Justice Beverley McLachlin weighed in on Canada's dismal human rights record, saying that residential schools were attempts to commit "cultural genocide" against Indigenous peoples.}}</ref>– Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	||Genocide of native [[Aboriginal Tasmanians|Tasmanians]]
-	||{{nts|3000}}
-	||{{nts|15000}}
-	||{{nts|6708}}
-	||[[Australia]]
-	||1803
-	||1905
-	|102 years
-	||After the death of [[Fanny Cochrane Smith]] there were no non-mixed raced [[Tasmanians]] left in the world.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||Massacres of [[Arabs]] and [[Indian people|Indians]] during the [[Zanzibar Revolution]]
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||{{nts|20000}}
-	||{{nts|6325}}
-	||[[Zanzibar]]
-	||1964
-	||1964
-	|?
-	||Thousands of [[Arabs]] and Indians were massacred during the [[Zanzibar Revolution]]
-	|-
-	||[[1964 East Pakistan riots]]
-	||{{nts|5590}}
-	||{{nts|5690}}
-	||{{nts|5640}}
-	||[[East Pakistan]]
-	||January 2, 1964
-	||March 28, 1964
-	|2 months, 26 days
-	||All casualties from the various riots in [[East Pakistan]] during the year 1964.
-
-	* Khulna: 200–300
-	* Dhaka: 1,000
-	* Narayangang: 3,500
-	* Bhulta: 267
-	* Golkandi: 623
-	|-
-	||[[Simele massacre]]
-	||{{nts|5000}}<ref name="Zubaida370">{{Harvnb|Zubaida|2000|p=370}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|6000}}<ref name="IFHR">{{cite web|title=Displaced persons in Iraqi Kurdistan and Iraqi refugees in Iran|url=http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/iq350a.pdf|work=fidh.org|publisher=International Federation for Human Rights|date=January 2003|accessdate=23 September 2011}}</ref><ref name="DeKelaita">{{cite web|last=DeKelaita|first=Robert|title=The Origins and Developments of Assyrian Nationalism|url=http://www.aina.org/books/oadoan.pdf|work=Committee on International Relations Of the [[University of Chicago]]|publisher=Assyrian International News Agency|date=November 22, 2009|accessdate=September 23, 2011}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|5477}}
-	||[[Simele]], [[Kingdom of Iraq]]
-	||August 7, 1933
-	||August 11, 1933
-	|4 days
-	||The Simele massacre inspired [[Raphael Lemkin]] to create the concept of [[genocide]].<ref name="Donabed2015">{{cite book|author=Sargon Donabed|title=Reforging a Forgotten History: Iraq and the Assyrians in the 20th Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bwLdCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT110|date=2015|publisher=Edinburgh University Press|isbn=978-0-7486-8605-6|page=110}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[1950 Barisal Riots|1950 East Pakistan riots]]
-	||{{nts|4803}}
-	||{{nts|4833}}
-	||{{nts|4818}}
-	||[[East Bengal]]
-	||February 1950
-	||March 1950
-	|1 month
-	||All casualties from the various riots in [[East Pakistan]] during the year 1950.
-
-	* 70–100: Nachole
-	* 215: Dhaka
-	* 2,500: [[1950 Barisal Riots#Killings|Barisal]]
-	* 17: Rajshahi
-	* 2,000: Mymensingh
-	* 1: Jessore
-	|-
-	||[[1984 Sikh Massacre]]
-	||{{nts|2800}}
-	||{{nts|8000}}
-	||{{nts|4733}}
-	||[[India]]
-	||October 31, 1984
-	||November 3, 1984
-	|1 month
-	||A series of [[pogroms]] against [[Sikhs]] primarily done by members of the [[Indian National Congress]] party due to the [[Assassination of Indira Gandhi|assassination of the prime minister]].
-	|-
-	||[[Nellie massacre]]
-	||{{nts|2191}}
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|4681}}
-	||[[Assam]], [[India]]
-	||Six hours on February 18, 1983
-	||Six hours on February 18, 1983
-	|6 hours
-	||Killings of 2191 Bengali Musims after Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]]'s decision to give 4 million Bengali Musilms in Assam the right to vote<ref>"[http://www.slideshare.net/umain30/genesis-of-nellie-massacre-and-assam-agitation Genesis of Nellie massacre and Assam agitation]", Indilens news team, Retrieved 10 November 2015.</ref>
-	|-
-	||Laotian genocide by [[Khmer Rouge]]
-	||{{nts|4000}}
-	||{{nts|4000}}
-	||{{nts|4000}}
-	||[[Democratic Kampuchea]]
-	||1975
-	||1979
-	|4 years
-	||40% of Laotians in [[Cambodia]] were killed during the [[Cambodian genocide]] according to [[Samuel Totten]].<ref name="ReferenceC" />– Part of the [[Cambodian genocide]]
-	|-
-	||[[Direct Action Day]]
-	||{{nts|4000}}
-	||{{nts|4000}}
-	||{{nts|4000}}
-	||[[India]]
-	||August 16, 1946
-	||August 18, 1946
-	|2 days
-	||Also known as the [[Great Calcutta Killings]], a day of widespread riot and manslaughter between Hindus and Muslims in the city of [[Calcutta]] (now known as Kolkata) in the [[Bengal]] province of [[British India]].
-	|-
-	||[[1804 Haiti massacre]]
-	||{{nts|3000}}
-	||{{nts|5000}}
-	||{{nts|3873}}
-	||[[Haiti]]
-	||Early February 1804
-	||April 22, 1804
-	|?
-	||[[Genocide]] of French people in Haiti.{{sfn|Girard|2011|pp=319–322}}
-	|-
-	||[[Trail of Tears]]
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||{{nts|6000}}
-	||{{nts|3464}}
-	||[[United States]]
-	||1830
-	||1850
-	|20 years
-	||The forced relocation of various Native American tribes under the order of [[Andrew Jackson]].
-	– Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	||[[Genocide of Yazidis by ISIL]]
-	||{{nts|2000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/07/world/meast/stopping-isis|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140807191105/http://www.cnn.com/2014/08/07/world/meast/stopping-isis|dead-url=yes|archive-date=7 August 2014|title=Will anyone stop ISIS?|date=7 August 2014|publisher=CNN.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2014/08/06/world/meast/iraq-crisis-minority-persecution/index.html|title=Iraq: 'Hundreds of Yazidi minority slaughtered' – CNN|first=By Laura Smith-Spark|last=CNN}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|5000}}
-	||{{nts|3162}}
-	||[[Sinjar]], [[Iraq]] and [[Syria]]
-	||2014
-	||present
-	|4 years
-	||[[Ethnic cleansing]], execution, forced conversion, rape, and enslavement of [[Yazidi]]s by [[ISIL]]
-	|-
-	||[[Selknam genocide|Selk'nam genocide]]
-	||{{nts|2500}}{{sfn|Chapman|2010|p=544}}
-	||{{nts|3900}}<ref name="Gardini 1984 645–47">{{cite journal|last=Gardini|first=Walter|date=1984|title=Restoring the Honour of an Indian Tribe-Rescate de una tribu|journal=Anthropos|volume=Bd. 79, H. 4./6.|pages=645–47}}<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|3122}}
-	||[[Tierra del Fuego]], [[Chile]]
-	||Late 1800s
-	||Early 1900s
-	|?
-	||[[Genocide]] of [[Selknam]] Native Chilean tribe.
-	– Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	||Massacre of protesters at the [[Demolition of the Babri Masjid]]
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||{{nts|2000}}
-	||[[Ayodhya]], India
-	||1992
-	||1993
-	|1 year
-	||The destruction of a prominent mosque in India by Hindu extremists and killings of Muslim protesters.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-south-asia-11436552|title=Timeline: Ayodhya holy site crisis|date=6 December 2012|via=www.bbc.com}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[2002 Gujarat riots]]
-	||{{nts|1044}}
-	||{{nts|2977}}<ref>{{cite journal|last=Jaffrelot|first=Christophe|title=Communal Riots in Gujarat: The State at Risk?|journal=Heidelberg Papers in South Asian and Comparative Politics|date=July 2003|page=16|url=http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/volltextserver/4127/1/hpsacp17.pdf|accessdate=5 November 2013}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|1763}}
-	||[[Gujarat]], [[India]]
-	||February 2002
-	||March 2002
-	|1 month
-	||Minimum death toll includes 790 [[Muslim]] death toll. Both death tolls include 254 [[Hindu]] deaths. Maximum death toll includes 223 presumed mixing as dead, and a higher 2,500 Muslim death toll.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Genocide of Shias by ISIL]]
-	||{{nts|1566}}<ref>"Which groups are under threat by ISIS in Iraq?", cnn.com; retrieved 2015-12-22.</ref>
-	||{{nts|1566}}
-	||{{nts|1566}}
-	||[[Iraq]], [[Syria]]
-	||2014
-	||present
-	|4 years
-	||[[Ethnic cleansing]], execution, forced conversion, rape, and enslavement of [[Shias]]s by [[ISIL]]
-	|-
-	||[[Conquest of the Desert]]
-	||{{nts|1300}}
-	||{{nts|1300}}
-	||{{nts|1300}}
-	||[[Argentina]]
-	||Mid 1870s
-	||1884
-	|?
-	||Military campaign, directed mainly by General [[Julio Argentino Roca]], which established Argentine dominance over [[Patagonia]], then inhabited by [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas#Argentina|indigenous peoples]].<ref name="auto">Carlos A. Floria and César A. García Belsunce, 1971. ''Historia de los Argentinos'' I and II; {{ISBN|84-599-5081-6}}. {{Page needed|date=December 2008}}</ref>– Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	||[[Genocide of Christians by ISIL]]
-	||{{nts|1000}}<ref>"As Christians Flee, Governments Pressured To Declare ISIS Guilty Of Genocide". NPR. 24 December 2015. "At least a thousand Christians have been killed. Hundreds of thousands have fled."</ref>
-	||{{nts|1000}}
-	||{{nts|1000}}
-	||[[Iraq]], [[Syria]], and [[Libya]]
-	||2014
-	||present
-	|4 years
-	||[[Ethnic cleansing]], execution, forced conversion, rape, and enslavement of [[Christians]] by [[ISIL]]
-	|-
-	|[[Black War]]
-	|878
-	|878
-	|878
-	|[[Australia]]
-	|Mid 1820s
-	|1832
-	|?
-	|– Part of the Genocide of native [[Aboriginal Tasmanians|Tasmanians]]
-	|-
-	||Biological warfare at the [[Siege of Fort Pitt]]
-	||{{ntsh|319}}?
-	||{{ntsh|270000}}?
-	||{{ntsh|9281}}?
-	||[[Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]]
-	||June 22, 1763
-	||August 10, 1763
-	|1 months, 18 days
-	||The death toll resulting from the event is unknown – Part of the [[Native American Genocide|Genocide of indigenous peoples in the Americas]]
-	|-
-	|}
-
-	==Political purges and repressions==
-	''This section lists events that entail the mass killings of political opposition (such as those of certain ideology, class or political persuasion).''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-
-	''See also: [[Red Terror (disambiguation)]], [[White Terror (disambiguation)|White Terror]], and [[Politicide]].''
-
-	{| class="sortable wikitable" style="width:100%;"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! style="width:7%;" | Event
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! style="width:7%;" data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geometric mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />!! style="width:5%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until
-	!Duration!! width="50%" data-sort-type="number" | Notes
-	|-
-	|[[Mass killings of landlords under Mao Zedong]]
-	||{{nts|800000}}
-	||{{nts|28000000}}{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}}
-	||{{nts|4732864}}||[[People's Republic of China]]|| 1947 || 1951
-	|4 years||Millions of [[landlords]] were killed during land reforms before the formation of the [[People's Republic of China]] because they were seen as class enemies.<ref name="Rummel223">{{cite book|url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/NOTE2.HTM|title=China's bloody century: genocide and mass murder since 1900|last=Rummel|first=Rudolph J.|publisher=Transaction Publishers|year=2007|isbn=978-1-4128-0670-1|page=223}}</ref><br />See also: [[Struggle session]]
-	|-
-	|[[The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution|Cultural Revolution]]||{{nts|400000}}<ref name="Maurice Meisner 1999 354">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YpV7vbvclfgC&pg=PA354|title=Mao's China and After: A History of the People's Republic|author=Maurice Meisner|publisher=Free Press|year=1999|isbn=978-0-684-85635-3|edition= 3rd|page=354}}</ref>||{{nts|10000000}}<ref>{{citation|title=The Chinese Case: Was It Genocide or Poor Policy?|url=https://www.ushmm.org/confront-genocide/speakers-and-events/all-speakers-and-events/genocide-and-mass-murder-in-the-twentieth-century-a-historical-perspective/the-chinese-case-was-it-genocide-or-poor-policy|author=USHMM|date=December 5, 1995|publisher=United States Holocaust Memorial Museum|quote=The Cultural Revolution was modern China's most destructive episode. It is estimated that 100 million people were persecuted and about five to ten million people, mostly intellectuals and party officials lost their lives.|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823204000/https://www.ushmm.org/confront-genocide/speakers-and-events/all-speakers-and-events/genocide-and-mass-murder-in-the-twentieth-century-a-historical-perspective/the-chinese-case-was-it-genocide-or-poor-policy|archivedate=August 23, 2017}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|2000000}}||[[People's Republic of China]]|| 1966 || 1976
-	|10 years|| The [[Cultural Revolution]], formally the ''Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution'', was a sociopolitical movement that took place in the [[People's Republic of China]] from 1966 until 1976. Set into motion by [[Mao Zedong]], then [[Chairman]] of the [[Communist Party of China]], its stated goal was to preserve 'true' [[Communist ideology]] in the country by purging remnants of [[capitalist]] and [[traditional]] elements from Chinese society.<br />See also: [[Struggle session]]
-	|-
-	|[[Indonesian mass killings of 1965–66]]||{{nts|500000}}<ref>{{cite book |last=Robinson |first=Geoffrey B. |date=2018 |title=The Killing Season: A History of the Indonesian Massacres, 1965–66 |url=https://press.princeton.edu/titles/11135.html |location= |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |page=3 |isbn=978-1-4008-8886-3 |author-link=}}</ref>||{{nts|3000000}}<ref>[http://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/101east/2012/12/2012121874846805636.html Indonesia's killing fields]. ''[[Al Jazeera]]'', December 21, 2012; retrieved January 24, 2016.<br />{{cite book|last1=Gellately|first1=Robert|author-link1=Robert Gellately|last2=Kiernan|first2=Ben|author-link2=Ben Kiernan|date=July 2003|title=The Specter of Genocide: Mass Murder in Historical Perspective|url=http://www.cambridge.org/us/academic/subjects/history/twentieth-century-regional-history/specter-genocide-mass-murder-historical-perspective|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|pages= [https://books.google.com/books?id=k9Ro7b0tWz4C&pg=PA290 290–91]|isbn=0521527503|access-date=October 19, 2015}}<br />"Blumenthal80">Mark Aarons (2007). "[https://books.google.com/books?id=dg0hWswKgTIC&pg=PA69 Justice Betrayed: Post-1945 Responses to Genocide]." In David A. Blumenthal and Timothy L. H. McCormack (eds). ''[http://www.brill.com/legacy-nuremberg-civilising-influence-or-institutionalised-vengeance The Legacy of Nuremberg: Civilising Influence or Institutionalised Vengeance? (International Humanitarian Law).]'' [[Martinus Nijhoff Publishers]]; {{ISBN|9004156917}}, pg.
-	[https://books.google.com/books?id=dg0hWswKgTIC&pg=PA80 80].</ref>
-	||{{nts|1224745}}||[[Indonesia]]|| 1965 || 1966
-	|1 year|| Massacres of people connected to the [[Indonesian Communist Party]] (PKI) were carried out in 1965–66 by the Indonesian Army and associated death squads with support from Western powers such as the United States.<ref>{{cite book |last= Robinson|first=Geoffrey B.|date= 2018|title=The Killing Season: A History of the Indonesian Massacres, 1965–66|url=https://press.princeton.edu/titles/11135.html|location= |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |pages=206–207 |isbn=9781400888863|author-link= }}</ref> Death tolls are difficult to estimate,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Cribb|first=Robert|title=Unresolved Problems in the Indonesian Killings of 1965–1966|journal=Asian Survey|year=2002|volume=42|issue=4|pages=550–63|doi=10.1525/as.2002.42.4.550}}</ref> but it is widely accepted by scholars that roughly 1 million people were killed.<ref>{{cite book |last=Melvin |first=Jess |date=2018 |title=The Army and the Indonesian Genocide: Mechanics of Mass Murder |url=https://www.routledge.com/The-Army-and-the-Indonesian-Genocide-Mechanics-of-Mass-Murder/Melvin/p/book/9781138574694 |location= |publisher=[[Routledge]] |page=1 |isbn=978-1-138-57469-4 |author-link=}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries in China|Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries]]||{{nts|712000}}<ref name="Yang Kuisong">{{cite journal |title=Reconsidering the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries|author=Yang Kuisong|journal=[[The China Quarterly]]|date=March 2008|volume=193|pages=102–21|doi=10.1017/S0305741008000064|author-link=Yang Kuisong}} {{paywall}} [https://chinachange.org/2011/11/28/reconsidering-the-campaign-to-suppress-counterrevolutionaries/ summary] at China Change blog</ref>||{{nts|2000000}}<ref>[[Maurice Meisner]]. ''Mao's China and After: A History of the People's Republic, Third Edition'', Free Press, 1999. {{ISBN|0-684-85635-2}}, pg. 72: "...the estimate of many relatively impartial observers that there were 2,000,000 people executed during the first three years of the People's Republic is probably as accurate a guess as one can make on the basis of scanty information."<br />{{cite book|author1=Roderick MacFarquhar|authorlink1=Roderick MacFarquhar|author2=John K. Fairbank|authorlink2=John K. Fairbank|title=The Cambridge History of China: Volume 14, The People's Republic, Part 1, The Emergence of Revolutionary China, 1949–1965|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ioppEjkCkeEC&pg=PA87|year=1987|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-24336-0|page=87}}<br />"Mao's Killing Quotas">{{cite web|url=http://hrichina.org/public/PDFs/CRF.4.2005/CRF-2005-4_Quota.pdf|title=Mao's "Killing Quotas." Human Rights in China (HRIC), 26 September 2005, at Shandong University|last=Changyu|first=Li|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090729194758/http://www.hrichina.org/public/PDFs/CRF.4.2005/CRF-2005-4_Quota.pdf|archivedate=29 July 2009}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|1193315}}||[[People's Republic of China]]|| 1950 || 1951
-	|1 year|| The [[Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries]] ({{zh|c=镇压反革命|p=zhènyā fǎn gémìng|l=suppressing [[counterrevolutionaries]]}} or abbreviated as {{zh|c=鎮反|p=zhènfǎn}}) was the first political campaign launched by the [[People's Republic of China]] designed to eradicate opposition elements, especially former [[Kuomintang]] (KMT) functionaries accused of trying undermine the new [[Communist Party of China|Communist government]].<ref name="Yang Kuisong" />
-	|-
-	|[[Great Purge in the Soviet Union|Great Purge]]||{{nts|681692}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Getty|first1= J. Arch|last2=Rittersporn|first2=Gábor |last3=Zemskov |first3=Viktor |title=Victims of the Soviet penal system in the pre-war years: a first approach on the basis of archival evidence|journal=[[American Historical Review]]|date=1993 |volume=98 |issue=4 |pages=1022 |doi=10.2307/2166597 |jstor=2166597|url=http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/GTY-Penal_System.pdf}}</ref>||{{nts|1704230}}<ref name="AW-C">Wielka czystka by [[Alexander Weissberg-Cybulski]], {{ISBN|83-07-02122-7}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|1077850}}||[[Soviet Union]]|| 1936 || 1938
-	|2 years|| The [[Great Purge]] or Great Terror was a period of intense political repression in the [[Soviet Union]] including execution (especially through open air shootings) and forced labor through the [[Gulag]] system.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[White Terror (Russia)]]
-	||{{nts|300000}}
-	||{{nts|300000}}<ref>{{Cite book|title=Потери народонаселения в XX веке.|last=Эрлихман|first=Вадим|publisher=Издательский дом "Русская панорама"|year=2004|isbn=5931651071}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|300000}}
-	||Former [[Russian Empire]]
-	||1917
-	||1923
-	|6 years
-	||Political repression by the [[White movement]] during the [[Russian Civil War]].
-	|-
-	|[[White Terror (Spain)]]
-	||{{nts|150000}}<ref>Julián Casanova, Francisco Espinosa, Conxita Mir, Francisco Moreno Gómez. "Morir, matar, sobrevivir. La violencia en la dictadura de Franco", ''Editorial Crítica''. Barcelona, Spain. 2002. p. 8.</ref>||{{nts|400000}}<ref>Michael Richards, ''A Time of Silence: Civil War and the Culture of Repression in Franco's Spain, 1936–1945'', Cambridge University Press. 1998. pg. 11.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|244949}}||[[Spain]] during and after the [[Spanish Civil War]]|| 1936 || 1945
-	|9 years|| In [[Spain]], the [[White Terror (Spain)|White Terror]] (also known as "la Represión Franquista" or the "Francoist Repression") was the series of acts of politically motivated violence, rape, and other crimes committed by the Nationalist movement during the Spanish Civil War (17 July 1936 to 1 April 1939) and during Francisco Franco's dictatorship (1 October 1936 – 20 November 1975)<ref name="beevor">[[Antony Beevor]]. ''The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939'', Weidenfeld & Nicolson (2006), pp. 89–94.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Qey Shibir]]||{{nts| 30000}}||{{nts|750000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Genocides, Politicides, and Other Mass Murder Since 1945, With Stages in 2008|url=http://www.gpanet.org/content/genocides-politicides-and-other-mass-murder-1945-stages-2008|website=Genocide Prevention Advisory Network|accessdate=22 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805151226/http://www.gpanet.org/content/genocides-politicides-and-other-mass-murder-1945-stages-2008|archive-date=2016-08-05|dead-url=yes|df=}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|150000}}||[[People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia]]|| 1977 || 1978
-	|1 year|| Violent purge of those deemed Anti-Communist in [[Ethiopia]].<ref>Harff, Barbara & Gurr, Ted Robert: "Toward an Empirical Theory of Genocides and Politicides", 32 International Studies Quarterly 359 (1988).</ref><ref>Agence France Presse (8 Oct. 1996)</ref><ref>{{cite book|author1=Christopher M. Andrew|author2=Vasili Mitrokhin|title=The World was Going Our Way: The KGB and the Battle for the Third World|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4eSR1rHg5_YC&pg=PA457|year=2005|publisher=Basic Books|isbn=978-0-465-00311-2|page=457}}</ref><ref name="US admits helping Mengistu escape">Riccardo Orizio, [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/575405.stm US admits helping Mengistu escape], [[BBC]], 22 December 1999.</ref><ref>''Talk of the Devil: Encounters with Seven Dictators'', pg 151.<!--author, ISSN/ISBN, publisher, year needed--></ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Bodo League Massacre]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}<ref>Paul M. Edwards, ''Historical Dictionary of the Korean War'', Plymouth, UK: Scarecrow Press, 2010, p. 32, entry "Bodo League Massacre"<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|200000}}{{sfn|Kim|2004|p=535}}
-	||{{nts|141421}}
-	||[[Korean Peninsula|Korea]]
-	||1950
-	||1950
-	|?
-	||Massacre of communists and suspected communists during the summer of 1950, at the start of [[Korean War]].
-	|-
-	|[[Nazi Germany|Nazi]] suppression of the [[Freemasons]]||{{nts|80000}}<ref name="holocaust">{{cite book|last=Hodapp|first=Christopher|date=2013|title=Freemasonry for Dummies, 2. Edition|publisher=Wiley Publishing Inc.|isbn=978-1118412084 }}</ref>||{{nts|200000}}<ref name="holocaust" />
-	||{{nts|126491}}||[[Nazi]] occupied territory || 1933 || 1945
-	|12 years|| The [[Nazis]] targeted [[Freemasons]] as they saw them as collaborators in a [[Jewish]] conspiracy.
-	{{See also|Suppression of Freemasonry}}
-	|-
-	|[[Red Terror during the Russian Civil War|Red Terror]]||{{nts|10000}}<ref>Ryan, James (2012). ''Lenin's Terror: The Ideological Origins of Early Soviet State Violence''. London: [[Routledge]]. [https://books.google.com/books?id=XJ6LAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA114 pg. 114]; {{ISBN|978-1138815681}}</ref>||{{nts|1500000}}<ref name="szaszdi">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZuXf0-HU4QMC|title=Russian Civil-Military Relations and the Origins of the Second Chechen War|publisher=University Press of America|author=Lajos Szaszdi|year=2008|page=152|isbn=978-0-7618-4178-4}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|122474}}|| Former [[Russian Empire]] during [[Russian Civil War]]|| 1918 || 1922
-	|4 years|| Political repression by the [[Bolsheviks]] during the [[Russian Civil War]].
-	|-
-	||[[1991 uprising in Iraq|1991 uprisings in Iraq]]
-	||{{nts|25000}}
-	||{{nts|180000}}
-	||{{nts|67082}}
-	||[[Iraq]]
-	||March the 1st, 1991
-	||April the 5th, 1991
-	|1 month and 4 days
-	||The death toll of the uprising against [[Saddam Hussein]]'s government during 1991 was high throughout the country. The rebels killed many Ba'athist officials and officers. In response, thousands of unarmed civilians were killed by indiscriminate fire from loyalist tanks, artillery and helicopters, and many historical and religious structures in the south were deliberately targeted under orders from Saddam Hussein. Saddam's security forces entered the cities, often using women and children as [[human shield]]s, where they detained and [[summary execution|summarily executed]] or [[Forced disappearance|"disappeared"]] thousands of people at random in a policy of [[collective responsibility]]. Many suspects were tortured, raped, or burned alive.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mafhoum.com/press4/126S23.htm|title=Justice For Iraq |publisher=Mafhoum.com|accessdate=2013-08-14}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Operation Condor]]||{{nts|50000}}||{{nts|80000}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Background on Chile|url=http://www.cja.org/article.php?list=type&type=196|publisher=The Center for Justice & Accountability|accessdate=9 July 2013}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|63246}}||[[South America]]|| 1975 || 1983
-	|8 years|| A campaign of political repression by right-wing dictatorships in South America, sponsored by the United States.<ref name="McSherry">{{cite book|last1=McSherry|first1=J. Patrice|author-link1= J. Patrice McSherry|editor1=Esparza, Marcia |editor2=Henry R. Huttenbach|editor3=Daniel Feierstein|title=State Violence and Genocide in Latin America: The Cold War Years (Critical Terrorism Studies)|chapter=Chapter 5: "Industrial repression" and Operation Condor in Latin America |page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=acGNAgAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA107#v=onepage 107]|publisher=[[Routledge]]|year=2011|isbn=978-0415664578|chapter-url=https://www.routledge.com/State-Violence-and-Genocide-in-Latin-America-The-Cold-War-Years/Esparza-Huttenbach-Feierstein/p/book/9780415496377}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Blakeley|first=Ruth|date=2009 |title=State Terrorism and Neoliberalism: The North in the South|url=http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415462402/|location= |publisher=[[Routledge]]|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=rft8AgAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA22#v=onepage 22] & [https://books.google.com/books?id=rft8AgAAQBAJ&lpg=PP1&pg=PA23#v=onepage 23]|isbn=978-0415686174}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Red Terror (Spain)]]||{{nts|38000}}<ref>Beevor, Antony. ''The Battle for Spain; The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939''. Penguin Books. 2006. London. p. 87</ref>||{{nts|72344}}<ref name="Dela">de la Cueva, Julio, "Religious Persecution", ''Journal of Contemporary History'', 3, 198, pp. 355–69. {{jstor|261121}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|52432}}||[[Spain]] during the [[Spanish Civil War]]|| 1936 || 1939
-	|3 years|| The [[Red Terror]] in Spain ({{lang-es|Terror Rojo}})<ref>Julian Casanova, ''Unearthing Franco's Legacy'', pp. 105–06, University of Notre Dame Press, 2010; {{ISBN|0-268-03268-8}}</ref> is the name given by historians to various acts of violence committed from 1936 until the end of the [[Spanish Civil War]] "by sections of nearly all the [[leftist]] groups".<ref>[[Beevor, Antony]] (2006), The Battle For Spain; The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, pg. 81.<!--ISSN/ISBN needed--></ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Land reform in Vietnam#North Vietnam|Land Reform in Vietnam]]||{{nts|13500}}<ref name="lib.washington.edu">Moise, pp. 205–22; "Newly released documents on the land reform", ''Vietnam Studies Group''.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --> {{cite web|url=https://www.lib.washington.edu/SouthEastAsia/vsg/elist_2007/Newly%20released%20documents%20on%20the%20land%20reform%20.html|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2016-06-30|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110420044800/http://www.lib.washington.edu/southeastasia/vsg/elist_2007/Newly%20released%20documents%20on%20the%20land%20reform%20.html|archivedate=2011-04-20}}</ref>||{{nts|200000}}<ref name="paulbogdanor.com">Lam Thanh Liem (2005), [http://www.paulbogdanor.com/left/vietnam/landreform.html "Ho Chi Minh's Land Reform: Mistake or Crime"]; accessed 4 October 2015.</ref>
-	||{{nts|51962}}||[[North Vietnam]]|| 1954 || 1956
-	|2 years||
-	|-
-	|[[Reign of Terror]]
-	||{{nts|16594}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dr. Linton |first1=Marisa |title=The Terror in the French Revolution |url=http://www2.port.ac.uk/special/france1815to2003/chapter1/interviews/filetodownload,20545,en.pdf |publisher=Kingston University, UK |accessdate=11 March 2019}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|41594}}<ref>{{cite web |title=The Reign of Terror |url=https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-worldhistory/chapter/the-reign-of-terror/ |website=Lumen Learning |accessdate=11 March 2019}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|26272}}
-	||[[France]] during the [[French Revolution]]
-	|| 1793
-	|| 1794
-	|1 year
-	|| The [[Reign of Terror]] was a period of violence that occurred after the onset of the [[French Revolution]], incited by conflict between two rival political factions, the [[Girondins]] and The [[Jacobins]], and marked by mass executions of "enemies of the revolution".{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[1982 Hama Massacre]]
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|40000}}
-	||{{nts|20000}}
-	||[[Hama]], [[Syria]]
-	||February 2, 1982
-	||February 28, 1982
-	|26 days
-	||The [[Hama massacre]] ([[Arabic]]: مجزرة حماة) occurred in February 1982, when the [[Syrian Arab Army]] and the [[Defense Companies]], under the orders of the country's president [[Hafez al-Assad]], besieged the town of [[Hama]] for 27 days in order to quell an [[uprising]] by the [[Muslim Brotherhood]] against al-Assad's government.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[1932 Salvadoran peasant massacre]]
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|40000}}<ref>{{cite web|author=University of California, San Diego|url=http://dodgson.ucsd.edu/las/elsal/1902-1932.html|title=El Salvador elections and events 1902–1932|year=2001|accessdate=August 12, 2008|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521064730/http://dodgson.ucsd.edu/las/elsal/1902-1932.html|archivedate=May 21, 2008|author-link=University of California, San Diego}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|20000}}
-	||[[El Salvador]]
-	||January 22, 1932
-	||July 11, 1932
-	|6 months and 20 days
-	||Many of the victims were [[indigenous people]].
-	|-
-	||[[February 28 Incident]]
-	||{{nts|10000}}
-	||{{nts|30000}}
-	||{{nts|17320}}
-	||[[Taiwan]]
-	||1947
-	||1947
-	|?
-	||Crackdown by the [[Kuomintang]] government that ushered in the [[White Terror (Taiwan)]] era.
-	|-
-	|[[Dirty War]]||{{nts|9000}}<ref>{{cite news|title=Obituary: Raúl Alfonsín – World news – The Guardian|author=Phil Gunson|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/apr/02/obituary-raul-alfonsin|newspaper=Guardian|accessdate=2013-08-23|location=London|date=2009-04-02}}</ref>||{{nts|30000}}<ref name="McSherry"/>
-	||{{nts|16432}}||[[Argentina]]|| 1976 || 1983
-	|7 years|| At least 9,000 people were tortured and killed in Argentina from 1976 to 1983, carried out primarily by the Argentinean military Junta (part of Operation ''Condor'').<ref name="McSherry"/>
-	|-
-	|Red and White terrors of the [[Finnish Civil War#Red and White Terror|Finnish Civil War]]||{{nts|11650}}||{{nts|11650}}
-	||{{nts|11650}}||[[Finland]]|| 1918 || 1918
-	|3 months, 2 weeks and 4 days|| Both sides of the [[Finnish Civil War]] used Terrors where 10,000 were killed in the White Terror and 1,650 were killed in the Red Terror.<ref>{{Harvnb|Paavolainen|1966|pp=183–208}}, {{Harvnb|Paavolainen|1967|pp=}}, {{Harvnb|Keränen et al.|1992|pp=121, 138}}, {{Harvnb|Eerola|Eerola|1998|pp=59, 91}}, {{Harvnb|Westerlund|2004a|p=15}}, {{Harvnb|Tikka|2006|pp=19–30}}, {{Harvnb|Jyränki|2014|pp=150–88}}, {{Harvnb|Tikka|2014|pp=90–118}}, {{Harvnb|Kekkonen|2016|pp=106–66, 287–356}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[1988 executions of Iranian political prisoners]]
-	||{{nts|4482}}
-	||{{nts|30000}}
-	||{{nts|11596}}
-	||[[Iran]]
-	||1988
-	||1988
-	|5 months
-	||Massacre of political prisoners in Iran.<ref name="amnesty">{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/mde13/021/1990/en/|title=Archived copy|accessdate=2014-08-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iranfocus.com/modules/news/article.php?storyid=160|title=Iran Focus|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2001/02/04/wiran04.xml|title=News|work=The Telegraph|accessdate=12 May 2016}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[White Terror (Taiwan)]]||{{nts|3000}}||{{nts|4000}}
-	||{{nts|3464}}||[[Taiwan]]|| 1949 || 1987
-	|38 years|| An era of martial law in [[Taiwan]] in which 140,000 where imprisoned, and 3,000 to 4,000 were executed for real or perceived opposition to the [[Kuomintang]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989|1989 Tiananmen Square protests]] crackdown
-	||{{nts|241}}
-	||{{nts|10000}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/tiananmen-square-massacre-death-toll-secret-cable-british-ambassador-1989-alan-donald-a8126461.html|title=At least 10,000 people died in Tiananmen Square massacre, secret British cable alleges|date=23 December 2017|newspaper=independent.co.uk}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|3000}}
-	||[[Tiananmen Square]], [[China|People's Republic of China]]
-	||1989
-	||1989
-	|1 month, 2 weeks and 6 days
-	||Crackdown of anti-government protest in the [[China|People's Republic of China]].
-	|-
-	||[[Human rights violations in Pinochet's Chile]]
-	||{{nts|1200}}
-	||{{nts|3200}}
-	||{{nts|1960}}
-	||[[Chile]]
-	||1974
-	||1990
-	|16 years
-	||1,200 to 3,200 alleged [[communist]]s were executed, 80,000 were forcibly interned and 30,000 were tortured under the reign of [[Augusto Pinochet]].<ref>{{es icon}} [http://www.usip.org/publications/truth-commission-chile-90 English translation] of the [[Rettig Report]]</ref><ref name="latinamericanstudies.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/human-rights/false-reports.htm|title=Chile to sue over false reports of Pinochet-era missing|publisher=Latin American Studies|date=30 December 2008|accessdate=10 March 2010}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|}
-
-	==Forced labor, abuse of workers, and slave trades==
-	''This section lists deaths caused by poor labor conditions, executions for not performing labor satisfactorily, and deaths caused by mistreatment of the workforce both in transit and at work locations.''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-
-	{| class="sortable wikitable" style="width:100%;"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! style="width:7%;" | Event
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! style="width:7%;" data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geometric mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />!! style="width:5%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until
-	!Duration!! width="50%" data-sort-type="number" | Notes
-	|-
-	||[[Atlantic Slave Trade]]
-	||{{nts|11400000}}<ref name="remilitari">{{cite web|title=Victimario Histórico Militar|url=http://remilitari.com/guias/victimario.htm}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|60000000}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Stannard |first1=David |title=American Holocaust |date=1992 |isbn=978-0-19-508557-0}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|26153394}}
-	||[[Africa]], the [[Americas]], and the [[Atlantic]]
-	||1500s
-	||1700s
-	|200 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[Laogai]] system
-	||{{nts|15000000}}<ref>Aikman, David. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20170617194729/http://www.weeklystandard.com/article/10185 The Laogai Archipelago"], ''[[The Weekly Standard]]'', September 29, 1997.</ref>
-	||{{nts|27000000}}
-	||{{nts|20124610}}
-	||[[People's Republic of China]]
-	||1945
-	||1976
-	|31 years
-	||[[Laogai]] (勞改/劳改), the abbreviation for ''Láodòng Gǎizào'' (勞動改造/劳动改造), which means "reform through labor", is a slogan of the Chinese [[criminal justice|criminal justice system]] and has been used to refer to the use of [[penal labour]] and [[prison farm]]s in the People's Republic of China (PRC), which once took up more than half of the world's slaves.{{citation needed|date=January 2016}} ''Laogai'' is different from ''laojiao'', or [[re-education through labor]], which was an administrative detention for a person who was not a criminal but had committed minor offenses, and was intended to reform offenders into law-abiding citizens.<ref name="HRW">{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/campaigns/china-98/laojiao.htm|title=Reeducation Through Labor in China|publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]|accessdate=October 12, 2008|date=June 1998|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915044818/http://www.hrw.org/campaigns/china-98/laojiao.htm|archivedate=September 15, 2008}}</ref> Persons detained under ''laojiao'' were detained in facilities that were separate from the general prison system of ''laogai''. Both systems, however, involved [[Penal labour|penal labor]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Ottoman slave trade|Slavery in the Ottoman Empire]]
-	||{{nts|10500000}}<ref>Davis, Robert. Christian Slaves, Muslim Masters: White Slavery in the Mediterranean, the Barbary Coast and Italy, 1500–1800.</ref><ref>The Cambridge World History of Slavery: Volume 3, AD 1420–AD 1804.</ref>
-	||{{nts|11250000}}
-	||{{nts|10868533}}
-	||[[Eurasia]], [[Middle East]], [[North Africa]]
-	||1450
-	||1800
-	|350 years
-	||There is no concrete number for the number of people killed due to the [[Barbary Slave Trade]].
-	The method many people use is to estimate the mortality rate of slave raids and multiply them by the number people took as slaves. Scholars estimates 3 people were killed for every 1 slave abducted. Includes [[Barbary Slave Trade]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Atrocities in the Congo Free State]]
-	||{{nts|3000000}}{{efn|The Casement estimate is used by Ascherson in his book ''[[The King Incorporated]]'', although he notes that it is "almost certainly an underestimate".{{sfn|Ascherson|1999|p=9}}}}
-	||{{nts|13000000}}{{sfn|Hochschild|1999|p=315}}
-	||{{nts|6244998}}
-	||[[Congo Free State]]||{{nts|1885|format=no}}||{{nts|1908|format=no}}
-	|23 years||[[International Association of the Congo|Private forces]] under the control of [[Leopold II of Belgium]] carried out mass murders, mutilations, and other crimes against the Congolese in order to encourage the gathering of valuable raw materials, principally [[rubber]]. Significant deaths also occurred due to major disease outbreaks and starvation, caused by population displacement and poor treatment.<ref name="Hochschild 1999">[[Adam Hochschild|Hochschild, Adam]] (1999), pp. 226–32, ''[[King Leopold's Ghost]]'', Houghton Mifflin Harcourt; {{ISBN|0-547-52573-7}}</ref> Estimates of the death toll vary considerably because of the lack of a formal census before 1924, but a commonly cited figure of 10 million deaths was obtained by estimating a 50% decline in the total population during the Congo Free State and applying it to the total population of 10 million in 1924.<ref name="Hochschild p.226–232">Hochschild, pp. 226–32.</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Arab slave trade]]
-	||{{nts|4300000}}
-	||{{nts|4600000}}
-	||{{nts|4447471}}
-	||[[Middle East]], [[North Africa]], and the [[Horn of Africa]]
-	||1500s
-	||1700s
-	|200 years
-	||<ref name="remilitari" />
-	|-
-	||[[Gulag]] system
-	||{{nts|1053829}}<ref>Pool, ''The Stalinist Penal System'', pg. 131<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed, publisher, year needed--></ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Getty|first1= J. Arch|last2=Rittersporn|first2=Gábor |last3=Zemskov |first3=Viktor |title=Victims of the Soviet penal system in the pre-war years: a first approach on the basis of archival evidence|journal=[[American Historical Review]]|date=1993 |volume=98 |issue=4 |page=1024 |doi=10.2307/2166597 |jstor=2166597|url=http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/GTY-Penal_System.pdf}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|6000000}}<ref>Alexopoulos, Golfo (2017). ''Illness and Inhumanity in Stalin's Gulag'', Yale University Press.<!--ISSN/ISBN needed--></ref>
-	||{{nts|2514552}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]]
-	||1930s
-	||1950s
-	|20 years
-	||[[Gulag]] is an acronym for the organization that administered the forced labor system in the [[Soviet Union]] that became a colloquialism in the west for the camps themselves. The system was used to punish criminals, political dissidents, and prisoners of war.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} There is a growing consensus among scholars that, based on archival data, the number of deaths in the gulag system fall within the range 1.5 to 1.7 million.<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Healey|first1=Dan|authorlink=Dan Healey|date=1 June 2018|title=GOLFO ALEXOPOULOS. Illness and Inhumanity in Stalin's Gulag|url=https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/ou_press/golfo-alexopoulos-illness-and-inhumanity-in-stalin-s-gulag-i363rKPYOp|journal=[[The American Historical Review]]|volume=123 |issue=3 |pages=1049–1051|doi=10.1093/ahr/123.3.1049|quote="New studies using declassified Gulag archives have provisionally established a consensus on mortality and "inhumanity." The tentative consensus says that once secret records of the Gulag administration in Moscow show a lower death toll than expected from memoir sources, generally between 1.5 and 1.7 million (out of 18 million who passed through) for the years from 1930 to 1953."}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|author=Wheatcroft, Stephen G.|year=1999|title=Victims of Stalinism and the Soviet Secret Police: The Comparability and Reliability of the Archival Data. Not the Last Word|url=http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/WCR-Secret_Police.pdf|journal=[[Europe-Asia Studies]]|volume=51|issue=2|page=320|doi=10.1080/09668139999056}}</ref><ref>[[Steven Rosefielde]]. ''[[Red Holocaust (2009 book)|Red Holocaust]].'' [[Routledge]], 2009. {{ISBN|0-415-77757-7}} pg. 67 ''"...more complete archival data increases camp deaths by 19.4 percent to 1,258,537"''; pg 77: ''"The best archivally based estimate of Gulag excess deaths at present is 1.6 million from 1929 to 1953." ''</ref>
-	|-
-	||Forced labor in [[North Korea]]
-	||{{nts|400000}}
-	||{{nts|1500000}}
-	||{{nts|774597}}
-	||[[North Korea]]
-	||1972
-	||ongoing
-	|46 years
-	||<ref>''[[Black Book of Communism]]'', pg. 564.<!-- ISSN/ISBN, publisher, year needed --></ref><ref name="mooncuddles">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/sep/19/ashamed-south-koreans-chilled-by-kim-jong-uns-cuddles|title='Ashamed': South Koreans chilled by Kim Jong-un's cuddles|last=Haas|first=Benjamin|date=19 September 2018|website=the Guardian|access-date=20 September 2018|quote=North Korea runs massive prison camps that hold between 80,000 and 120,000 political prisoners, according to a United Nations inquiry that compiled evidence of a raft of crimes against humanity. The UN commission cited 'extermination, murder, enslavement, torture, imprisonment, rape, forced abortions and other sexual violence, persecution on political, religious, racial and gender grounds, the forcible transfer of populations, the enforced disappearance of persons and the inhumane act of knowingly causing prolonged starvation'.}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Hacienda]] peonage and chattel slavery
-	||{{nts|173000}}
-	||{{nts|2015000}}
-	||{{nts|590419}}
-	||[[Mexico]]
-	||1900
-	||1920
-	|20 years
-	||[[R.J. Rummel]], coiner of the word "[[Democide]]," estimated the mortality rate for [[Mexico|Mexican]] [[Peonage]], a form of debt labor, by comparing it to similar forced labor systems such as the Soviet [[Gulag]], and then applying and reducing it accordingly to the population of [[Mexico]] at the time, coming up with an annual death rate of 69,000.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||Forced labor of [[Koreans]] by [[Imperial Japan]]
-	||{{nts|270000}}
-	||{{nts|810000}}
-	||{{nts|467654}}
-	||[[Korea]] and [[Manchuria]]
-	||1939
-	||1945
-	|6 years
-	||<ref>{{cite book|first=R.J.|last=Rummel|title=Statistics of Democide: Genocide and Mass Murder Since 1990|publisher=Lit Verlag|year=1999|isbn=3-8258-4010-7}}
-	Available online: {{cite web|title=Statistics of Democide: Chapter 3 – Statistics Of Japanese Democide Estimates, Calculations, And Sources|work=Freedom, Democracy, Peace; Power, Democide, and War|url=http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.CHAP3.HTM|accessdate=2006-03-01}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||Slavery in the [[French colonial empire]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|13000000}}
-	||{{nts|1612452}}
-	||[[Africa]]
-	||1900
-	||1940
-	|40 years
-	||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/20c100k.htm#Fr00|title=Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls|website=necrometrics.com|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|-
-	||[[Slavery in Portugal]]
-	||{{nts|325000}}
-	||{{nts|325000}}
-	||{{nts|325000}}
-	||[[Portuguese Empire]]
-	||1900
-	||1925
-	|25 years
-	||<ref>{{cite web|last1=White|first1=Matthew|title=Secondary Wars and Atrocities of the Twentieth Century|url=http://necrometrics.com/20c300k.htm|website=Necrometrics|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|-
-	||[[Barbary slave trade]]
-	||{{nts|245000}}
-	||{{nts|380000}}
-	||{{nts|305123}}
-	||[[Italy]], [[Spain]], and [[Portugal]]
-	||1500s
-	||1600s
-	|100 years
-	||<ref name="remilitari" /> – Part of [[Ottoman slave trade|Slavery in the Ottoman Empire]]
-	|-
-	||Slavery during the [[Amazon rubber boom]]
-	||{{nts|250000}}
-	||{{nts|250000}}
-	||{{nts|250000}}
-	||[[Amazon Basin|Amazon]], [[Brazil]]
-	||1900
-	||1912
-	|12 years
-	||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/20c100k.htm#Amaz|title=Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls|website=necrometrics.com|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	|-
-	||Construction of the [[Burma Railway]]
-	||{{nts|102621}}<ref name="mansell.com">MacPherson, Neil, [http://www.mansell.com/pow_resources/camplists/death_rr/movements_1.html "Death Railway Movements"], mansell.com; accessed 6 January 2015.</ref>
-	||{{nts|102621}}<ref name="mansell.com" />
-	||{{nts|102621}}
-	||[[Burma]]
-	||1943
-	||1947
-	|4 years
-	||
-	[[Forced labour]] was used in the construction of the [[Burma Railway]]. More than 180,000 Southeast Asian civilian labourers ([[Romusha]]) and 60,000 [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] [[prisoners of war]] (POWs) worked on the railway. Of these, estimates of Romusha deaths are little more than guesses, but probably about 90,000 died. 12,621 Allied POWs died during the construction. The dead POWs included 6,904 [[British people|British]] personnel, 2,802 [[Australians]], 2,782 [[Dutch people|Dutch]], and 133 [[Americans]].<ref name="mansell.com" />
-	|-
-	||Construction of the [[Suez Canal]]
-	||{{nts|30000}}
-	||{{nts|120000}}
-	||{{nts|67082}}
-	||[[Egypt]], and [[Sudan]]
-	||1859
-	||1868
-	|9 years
-	||French diplomat [[Ferdinand de Lesseps]] had obtained many concessions from [[Isma'il Pasha]], the [[Khedive]] of Egypt and Sudan in 1854–56 to build the Suez Canal. Some sources estimate the workforce at 30,000,<ref>[http://www.arte.tv/fr/connaissance-decouverte/aventure-humaine/Cette_20semaine/1291022.html L'Aventure Humaine: ''Le canal de Suez'', Article de l'historien Uwe Oster] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110819201458/http://www.arte.tv/fr/connaissance-decouverte/aventure-humaine/Cette_20semaine/1291022.html|date=2011-08-19}}</ref> but others estimate that 120,000 workers died over the ten years of construction due to malnutrition, fatigue, and disease, especially [[cholera]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/5195068.stm The Suez Crisis – Key maps], bbc.co.uk; accessed August 2, 2018.</ref>
-	|-
-	||Forced labor of Allied [[POWs]] during [[World War II]]
-	||{{nts|35000}}
-	||{{nts|35000}}
-	||{{nts|35000}}
-	||In and around the [[Pacific]]
-	||1939
-	||1945
-	|6 years
-	||According to the Japanese military's own record, nearly 25% of 140,000 Allied [[POWs]] died while interned in Japanese prison camps, where they were forced to work (U.S. POWs died at a rate of 27%).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.japantoday.com/jp/book/115 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080207230309/http://www.japantoday.com/jp/book/115|dead-url=yes|archive-date=7 February 2008|title=Japan News and Discussion|newspaper=Japan Today|accessdate=15 February 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/bataan/peopleevents/e_atrocities.html|title=Bataan Rescue: People & Events|publisher=American Experience|accessdate=15 February 2016}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[FIFA World Cup]] related abuses of [[Human rights in Qatar#FIFA World Cup preparations and reported abuses|Human rights in Qatar]]
-	||{{nts|1200}}
-	||{{nts|1800}}
-	||{{nts|1342}}
-	||[[Qatar]]
-	||2013
-	||ongoing
-	|5 years
-	||Out of at least 100,000 laborers.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-33019838|title=Have 1,200 World Cup workers really died in Qatar?|last1=Stephenson|first1=Wesley|agency=BBC News|accessdate=4 March 2018}}</ref>
-	|}
-
-	== Anthropogenically exacerbated famines and disease outbreaks ==
-	{{Main|Famine|List of famines}}
-	''This section includes famines and disease outbreaks that were caused or exacerbated by human action.''
-
-	''Note: Some of these famines diseases were partially caused by nature.''
-	{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-
-	{| style="width:100%;" class="sortable wikitable"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! style="width:7%;" | Event
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! style="width:7%;" data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geom. mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />!! style="width:5%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until
-	!Duration!! width="50%" data-sort-type="number" | Notes
-	|-
-	|[[Great Chinese Famine]]||{{nts|11600000}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Patnaik |first1=Utsa |title=On Famine and Measuring 'Famine Deaths' |url=https://archive.org/details/pdfy-aW9fF2uI0YXUonyt/page/n5 |website=Internet Archive |accessdate=30 March 2019}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|55000000}}<ref name="wemheuer">{{cite journal|title=Sites of horror: Mao's Great Famine [with response]|author=Wemheuer, Felix|journal=The China Journal|date=July 2011|issue=66|pages=155–64|jstor=41262812}} on p.163 Frank Dikötter, in his response, quotes Yu Xiguang's figure of 55 million</ref>
-	||{{nts|25258662}}
-	||[[People's Republic of China]]
-	||1958
-	||1962
-	|4 years
-	||During the [[Great Leap Forward]] under [[Mao Zedong]] tens of millions of Chinese starved to death.<ref name="beckerxi">Becker, Jasper (1998). ''Hungry Ghosts: Mao's Secret Famine'', Holt Paperbacks, pg. xi.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref> State violence during this period further exacerbated the death toll, and some 2.5 million people were beaten or tortured to death in connection with Great Leap policies.<ref>Dikötter, Frank. ''Mao's Great Famine: The History of China's Most Devastating Catastrophe, 1958–62'', Walker & Company, 2010. pg. 298.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	|-
-	||Famine and disease caused by [[World War II]]
-	||{{nts|19000000}}
-	||{{nts|28000000}}
-	||{{nts|23065130}}
-	||Worldwide
-	||1939
-	||1945
-	|6 years
-	||See also: [[World War II casualties]]
-	|-
-	|All famines in India under the [[British Raj]]
-	|12,000,000<ref name="Famine in India during British Rule">{{Cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/worst-atrocities-british-empire-amritsar-boer-war-concentration-camp-mau-mau-a6821756.html|title=The five worst atrocities carried out by the British Empire will make you wonder why we're apparently proud of it|date=19 January 2016|work=The Independent|access-date=23 September 2017}}</ref>
-	|29,000,000<ref name="Famine in India during British Rule" />
-	|20,500,000
-	|India
-	|1757
-	|1947
-	|190 years
-	|Between 12 and 29 million Indians died of starvation while India under the [[British Raj]]. Millions of tonnes of wheat were exported to Britain as famine raged.<ref name="Famine in India during British Rule" />
-	|-
-	||Famine and disease caused by [[Japanese imperialism]]
-	||{{nts|8136000}}
-	||{{nts|14936000}}
-	||{{nts|11023579}}
-	||[[Japanese Empire]]
-	||1937
-	||1945
-	|8 years
-	||Combined death tolls from famine and disease from [[China]], [[Vietnam]], [[Indonesia]], and the [[Philippine]]s.
-	{{See also|World War II casualties}}
-	|-
-	|[[Northern Chinese Famine of 1876–79]]||{{nts|9000000}}{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||{{nts|13000000}}
-	||{{nts|10816650}}||[[China]]||1876||1879
-	|3 years||[[El Niño Southern Oscillation|ENSO]] famine.
-	{{See also|Late Victorian Holocausts}}
-	|-
-	|[[Great Bengal famine of 1770]]
-	|{{nts|10000000}}<ref name="Sen">{{cite book|author=Amartya Sen|title=Poverty and Famines: An Essay on Entitlement and Deprivation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BOHnCwAAQBAJ|year=1981|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-828463-5|page=39}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|10000000}}<ref name="Sen" />
-	|{{nts|10000000}}
-	|[[British Bengal]]
-	|1769
-	|1773
-	|4 years
-	|The famine killed a third of the [[Bengali people|Bengali]] population at the time.<ref name="Jonsson2013p167">{{cite book|author=Fredrik Albritton Jonsson|title=Enlightenment's Frontier: The Scottish Highlands and the Origins of Environmentalism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d9FUmajYyqgC&pg=PT167|date=2013|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=978-0-300-16374-2|pages=167–70}}</ref> It is attributed to the policies of the [[Company Raj|ruling]] [[British East India Company]].<ref name="Jonsson2013p167" />
-	|-
-	|[[Russian famine of 1921]][[Soviet famine of 1932–33|–22]]||{{nts|5000000}}<ref name="stanford">"[http://news.stanford.edu/pr/2011/pr-famine-040411.html How the U.S. saved a starving Soviet Russia: PBS film highlights Stanford scholar's research on the 1921–23 famine]", Stanford University. April 4, 2011.</ref>||{{nts|10000000}}<ref name="stanford" />
-	||{{nts|7071072}}||[[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Soviet Russia]]||1921||1922
-	|1 year|| May have been exacerbated by [[War communism|War Communism]] policies, but it is debatable to which extent.
-	See also: [[Droughts and famines in Russia and the Soviet Union]], and [[Russian Civil War]], with its policy of [[War communism]], especially [[prodrazvyorstka]].
-	|-
-	||Famine and disease caused by the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]]
-	||{{nts|5000000}}
-	||{{nts|10000000}}
-	||{{nts|7071068}}
-	||[[China]]
-	||1937
-	||1945
-	|8 years
-	||See also: [[World War II casualties]].
-	|-
-	||[[Soviet famine of 1932–33]]
-	||{{nts|4400000}}
-	||{{nts|9100000}}
-	||{{nts|6327717}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]]
-	||1932
-	||1933
-	|1 year
-	||The majority of famine victims were [[Ukrainians|Ukrainian]]. Many nations, including [[Ukraine]], regard the famine's effect in the [[Ukraine]] as a [[genocide]] against [[Ukraine]], known as the [[Holodomor]].
-
-	1.8 – 4.8 million: Ukraine
-
-	600,000 – 2.3 million: Kazakhstan
-
-	2 million: Elsewhere
-	|-
-	||Famine and disease caused by [[World War I]]
-	||{{nts|5411000}}
-	||{{nts|6100000}}
-	||{{nts|5745181}}
-	||Worldwide
-	||1914
-	||1918
-	|4 years
-	||See also: [[World War I casualties]].
-	|-
-	||[[Great Famine of 1876–78]]
-	||{{nts|6100000}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Famine in Peasant Societies|last=Seavoy|first=Ronald|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=1986|isbn=9780313251306|location=New York}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|10320000}}<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/ProsperousBritishIndiaARevelationWilliamDigby|title='Prosperous' British India|last=Digby|first=William|publisher=T. Fisher Unwin|year=1901|location=London|page=128|oclc=6671095}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|8300000}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/wars19c.htm#Nino|title=Nineteenth Century Death Tolls|website=necrometrics.com|access-date=2016-11-20}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||[[British India]]
-	||1876||1878
-	|2 years
-	||[[El Niño Southern Oscillation|ENSO]] famine. See also: [[Late Victorian Holocausts]].
-	|-
-	||Famine and disease caused by the [[Second Congo War]]
-	||{{nts|3800000}}
-	||{{nts|5400000}}
-	||{{nts|4529901}}
-	||[[Africa]]
-	||1998
-	||2004
-	|6 years
-	||Majority of those who died in war perished from famine and disease.
-	|-
-	|[[Persian famine of 1917–1919|Iranian famine of 1917–1919]]
-	|{{nts|2000000}}<ref>Katouzian 2013, p. 1934: "Russian Revolution of 1917 brought much relief to Iran after a century of imperial interference and intimidation. But it was followed by severe famine and the Spanish flu pandemic which, combined, took a high toll of around two million, mostly of the Iranian poor."</ref><ref>Rubin 2015, p. 508: "Despite Iran's official neutrality, this pattern of interference continued during World War I as Ottoman-, Russian-, British-, and German-supported local forces fought across Iran, wreaking enormous havoc on the country. With farmland, crops, livestock, and infrastructure destroyed, as many as 2 million Iranians died of famine at the war's end. Although the Russian Revolution of 1917 led to the recall of Russian troops, and thus gave hope to Iranians that the foreign yoke might be relenting, the British quickly moved to fill the vacuum in the north, and by 1918, had turned the country into an unofficial protectorate."</ref>
-	|{{nts|10000000}}<ref>[[Persian famine of 1917–1919#CITEREFWinegard2016|Winegard 2016]], p. 85: "Between 1917 and 1919, it is estimated that nearly half (nine to eleven million people) of the Persian population died of starvation or disease brought on by malnutrition."</ref><ref>[[Persian famine of 1917–1919#CITEREFMajd2003|Ma]]<span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Review+of+European+Studies&rft.atitle=A+Study+of+the+Causes+of+Famine+in+Iran+during+World+War+I&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=296-300&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5539%2Fres.v9n2p296&rft.aulast=Pordeli&rft.aufirst=Mohammad+Reza&rft.au=Abavysany%2C+Malihe&rft.au=Mollashahi%2C+Maryam&rft.au=Sanchooli%2C+Doost+Ali&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccsenet.org%2Fjournal%2Findex.php%2Fres%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F68332%2F37064&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APersian+famine+of+1917%E2%80%931919" class="Z3988"></span>[[Persian famine of 1917–1919#CITEREFMajd2003|jd 2003]], p. 72: "According to the American Charge d'Affaires, Wallace Smith Murray, this famine had claimed one-third of Iran's population. A famine that even according to British sources as General Dunsterville, Major Donohoe, and General Sykes had claimed vast numbers of Iranians".</ref>
-	|{{nts|4472136}}
-	|Iran
-	|1917
-	|1919
-	|3 years
-	|The Persian famine of 1917–1919 was a period of widespread mass starvation and disease in [[Iran|Persia (Iran)]]. The famine took place in the [[Persian Campaign|occupied territory]] of Iran that had declared neutrality. According to the estimates acknowledged, 2–10 million people died of hunger and disease. A variety of factors are commented to have caused and contributed to the famine such as war profiteering, and poor harvests but mainly requisitioning and confiscation of foodstuffs by the occupying Russian and British armies.<ref>[[Persian famine of 1917–1919#CITEREFMajd2003|Majd 2003]], p. 40. In the matter of tough custom regulations, Majd mentions incidents of unsuccessful importation of foodstuff recorded by the American embassy. He also refers to a letter by an American official saying "for the last two years practically all the importations have ceased"</ref><ref>[[Persian famine of 1917–1919#CITEREFRubin2015|Rubin 2015]], p. 508: "Despite Iran's official neutrality, this pattern of interference continued during World War I as Ottoman-, Russian-, British-, and German-supported local forces fought across Iran, wreaking enormous havoc on the country. With farmland, crops, livestock, and infrastructure destroyed, as many as 2 million Iranians died of famine at the war's end. Although the Russian Revolution of 1917 led to the recall of Russian troops, and thus gave hope to Iranians that the foreign yoke might be relenting, the British quickly moved to fill the vacuum in the north, and by 1918, had turned the country into an unofficial protectorate."</ref>
-	|-
-	||Famine and disease caused by [[Decommunization]]
-	||{{nts|4000000}}+<ref>{{cite web |last1=Patnaik |first1=Utsa |title=The Republic of Hunger |url=http://www.networkideas.org/featart/apr2004/Republic_Hunger.pdf |accessdate=30 March 2019}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|4000000}}+
-	||{{nts|4000000}}+
-	||Former States of the [[Soviet Union]] and [[Eastern Bloc]]
-	||1991
-	||2000
-	|9 years
-	||Deaths caused by decrease in living conditions in [[Russia]] and other former [[Communist]] States after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]].
-	|-
-	|[[Bengal famine of 1943]] ||{{nts|3000000}}{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||{{nts|4000000}}
-	||{{nts|3464100}}||[[British India]]||1943||1944
-	|1 year|| The [[Japanese conquest of Burma]] cut off India's main supply of [[rice]] imports,<ref>[[Nicholas Tarling]] (ed.) ''The Cambridge History of SouthEast Asia'' Vol.II Part 1 pp. 139–40</ref> however, war-related administrative policies in British India ultimately helped to cause the massive death toll.<ref>[[Madhusree Mukerjee]], ''Churchill's Secret War: The British Empire and the Ravaging of India During World War II''.</ref><ref>[http://southasiarev.wordpress.com/2011/04/12/book-review-churchills-secret-war-in-india Book review: Churchill's secret war in India], southasiarev.wordpress.com, 12 April 2011.</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Indian famine of 1896–97]] and the [[Indian famine of 1899–1900]]
-	||{{nts|8400000}}<ref name=":0"/>
-	||{{nts|19000000}}<ref>{{Cite journal|year=1901|title=Notes from India|url=http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/issue/vol157no4055/PIIS0140-6736(00)X7748-3|journal=The Lancet|volume=157|issue=4055|page=1430|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(01)88925-X}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|13700000}}
-	||[[British India]]
-	||1896
-	||1900
-	|4 years
-	|| [[El Niño Southern Oscillation|ENSO]] famines. See also: [[Late Victorian Holocausts]].
-	|-
-	|Famine and diseased caused by the [[Nigerian Civil War#Reckoning and legacy|Biafran Blockade during Nigeria's Civil War]]||{{nts|2000000}}<ref>Stevenson, "Capitol Gains" (2014), p. 314.</ref>||{{nts|3000000}}<ref name="ThreeMil">{{cite web|url=http://www.enotes.com/genocide-encyclopedia/biafra-nigeria|publisher=eNotes.com|title=Biafra/Nigeria|accessdate=30 August 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Nigerian Civil War|url=http://www.war-memorial.net/Nigerian-Civil-War--3.140|work=Polynational War Memorial|accessdate=4 January 2014}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|2449490}}||[[Nigeria]]||1967||1970
-	|3 years||More than two million [[Igbo people|Igbo]] died from the famine imposed deliberately through blockades during the war. Lack of medicine also contributed. Thousands starved to death daily as the war progressed.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	|Famine and disease during the [[Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies]]||{{nts|2400000}}<ref name="mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de">Van der Eng, Pierre (2008) [http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8852 "Food Supply in Java during War and Decolonisation, 1940–1950"], ''MPRA Paper No. 8852'', pp. 35–38. /</ref>||{{nts|2400000}}
-	||{{nts|2400000}} ||[[Indonesia]]||1944||1945
-	|1 year|| An estimated 2.4 million Indonesians starved to death during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia. The problem was partly caused by failures of the main 1944–45 rice crop, but the main cause was the compulsory rice purchasing system that the Japanese authorities put in place to secure rice for distribution to the armed forces and urban population.<ref name="mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de"/>
-	|-
-	||[[Soviet famine of 1946–47]]
-	||{{nts|1000000}}
-	||{{nts|1500000}}
-	||{{nts|1224745}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]]
-	||1946
-	||1947
-	|1 year
-	||Debated as to whether it was caused by war or government policy.
-	|-
-	|[[Great Irish Famine]] ||{{nts|750000}}<ref>Foster, R.F. ''Modern Ireland 1600–1972'', Penguin Press, 1988. pg. 324. Foster's footnote reads: "Based on hitherto unpublished work by C. Ó Gráda and Phelim Hughes, 'Fertility trends, excess mortality and the Great Irish Famine'...Also see C.Ó Gráda and Joel Mokyr, 'New developments in Irish Population History 1700–1850', Economic History Review, vol. xxxvii, no. 4 (November 1984), pp. 473–88."</ref><ref>Joseph Lee, The Modernisation of Irish Society pg. 1. Lee says 'at least 800,000'.</ref>||{{nts|1500000}}<ref>Vaughan, W.E. and Fitzpatrick, A.J.(eds). Irish Historical Statistics, Population, 1821/1971. Royal Irish Academy, 1978.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|1060660}}||[[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Ireland]]||1846||1849
-	|3 years|| Although blight ravaged [[potato]] crops throughout Europe during the 1840s, the impact and human cost in Ireland, where a third of the population was significantly dependent on the [[Irish Lumper]] potato for food, was exacerbated by a host of political, social and economic factors, which continue to remain the subject of historical debate.<ref>{{cite book|author=Cecil Woodham-Smith|title=The great hunger: Ireland 1845–1849|year=1991|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-0-14-014515-1|page=19}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Christine Kinealy|title=This Great Calamity: The Irish Famine, 1845–52|year=2006|isbn=978-0-7171-4011-4}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Vietnamese Famine of 1945]]||{{nts|400000}}<ref>Charles Hirschman et al. [http://www.soc.washington.edu/users/brines/vietcasualties.pdf "Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100620194237/http://www.soc.washington.edu/users/brines/vietcasualties.pdf|date=2010-06-20}}. ''Population and Development Review'' (December 1995).</ref>||{{nts|2000000}}<ref name="indochina">{{cite news|first=David|last=Koh|url=http://mailman.anu.edu.au/pipermail/hepr-vn/2008-August/000188.html|date=August 21, 2008|title=Vietnam needs to remember famine of 1945|newspaper=The Straits Times|location=Singapore|accessdate=January 25, 2010}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|894427}}||[[Vietnam]]||1944||1945
-	|1 year|| The [[Japanese occupation of Vietnam|Japanese occupation]] during World War II caused the famine in North Vietnam.<ref name="indochina"/>
-	|-
-	|[[Khmer Rouge rule of Cambodia#Economy|Cambodian Holocaust Famine]]||{{nts|800,000}}<ref>Bruce Sharp (2008), [http://www.mekong.net/cambodia/deaths.htm Counting Hell] 2.Ben Kiernan, paragraph 3. Mekong.</ref>||{{nts|950,000}}<ref>Marek Sliwiński (1995), ''Le Génocide Khmer Rouge: Une Analyse Démographique'', L'Harmattan, pg. 82.</ref>
-	||{{nts|871780}}||[[Cambodia]]||1975||1979
-	|4 years||An estimated 2 million Cambodians lost their lives to murder, forced labor, and famine, perpetrated by the [[Khmer Rouge]], nearly half of which was caused by forced starvation. Came to an end due to invasion by Vietnam in 1979.
-	|-
-	|[[1983–85 famine in Ethiopia]]||{{nts|400000}}<ref name="famines">{{cite book|ref=harv|last=de Waal|first=Alex|year=2002|origyear=1997|title=Famine Crimes: Politics & the Disaster Relief Industry in Africa|location=Oxford|publisher=James Currey|isbn=0-85255-810-4|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IwZ1Xb-w45oC}}</ref>||{{nts|1000000}}<ref>"[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/703958.stm Flashback 1984: Portrait of a famine]", BBC News, April 6, 2000.</ref>
-	||{{nts|632456}}||[[Ethiopia]]||1983||1985
-	|2 years|| The [[Famines in Ethiopia|famines that struck Ethiopia]] between 1961 and 1985, especially the one of 1983–1985, were in large part created by government policies.<ref name="famines"/>
-	|-
-	||Famine and disease during the [[Japanese occupation of the Philippines]]
-	||{{nts|336000}}
-	||{{nts|336000}}
-	||{{nts|336000}}
-	||[[Philippines]]
-	||1942
-	||1945
-	|3 years
-	||See also: [[World War I casualties]].
-	|-
-	|[[North Korean famine]]||{{nts|240000}}<ref name="Spoorenberg, Thomas pp. 133–158">{{cite journal | last1 = Spoorenberg | first1 = Thomas | last2 = Schwekendiek | first2 = Daniel | year = 2012 | title = Demographic Changes in North Korea: 1993–2008 | journal = Population and Development Review | volume = 38 | issue = 1| pages = 133–158 | doi=10.1111/j.1728-4457.2012.00475.x}}</ref>||{{nts|420000}}<ref name="Spoorenberg, Thomas pp. 133–158" />
-	||{{nts|330000}}||[[North Korea]]||1994||1998
-	|4 years|| The famine stemmed from a variety of factors. Economic mismanagement and the [[North Korea–Russia relations#1985–1991|loss of Soviet support]] caused food production and imports to decline rapidly. A series of floods and droughts exacerbated the crisis, but were not its direct cause. The [[Politics of North Korea|North Korean government]] and [[Economy of North Korea|its centrally-planned system]] proved too inflexible to effectively curtail the disaster. Recent research suggests the likely number of excess deaths between 1993 and 2000 was about 330,000.<ref name="Spoorenberg, Thomas pp. 133–158"/><ref name="goodkind-2011">{{cite journal|url=http://paa2011.princeton.edu/papers/111030|title=A Reassessment of Mortality in North Korea, 1993–2008|author1=Daniel Goodkind|author2=Loraine West|author3=Peter Johnson|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division|date=28 March 2011|accessdate=8 November 2014}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Cuban War of Independence|Cuban War of Independence Famine]]
-	||{{nts|300000}}
-	||{{nts|300000}}<ref>Sheina, Robert L., ''Latin America's Wars: The Age of the Caudillo, 1791–1899'' (2003)</ref><ref>''COWP: Correlates of War Project'', University of Michigan.<!-- ISSN/ISBN needed --></ref>
-	||{{nts|300000}}
-	||[[Cuba]]
-	||1895
-	||1898
-	|3 years
-	||Most of dead in this war perished from famine and disease.
-	|-
-	||[[Great Famine of Mount Lebanon]]
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||[[Mount Lebanon]], [[Ottoman Empire]]
-	||1915
-	||1918
-	|3 years
-	||Around 200,000 people starved to death at a time when the population of Mount Lebanon was estimated at 400,000.<ref>Harris 2012, p.174</ref> The Mount Lebanon famine caused the highest fatality rate by population of World War I. Bodies were piled in the streets, and people were reported to be eating street animals, while some resorted to cannibalism.<ref name=BBC/><ref name=TN>{{cite news|last1=Ghazal|first1=Rym|title=Lebanon's dark days of hunger: The Great Famine of 1915–18|url=http://www.thenational.ae/world/middle-east/lebanons-dark-days-of-hunger-the-great-famine-of-1915-18|accessdate=24 January 2016|publisher=The National|date=14 April 2015}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[1998 Sudan famine]]||{{nts|70000}}<ref>{{Citation|last=Ó Gráda|first=Cormac|year=2009|title=Famine: a short history|publisher=[[Princeton University Press]]|page=24|isbn=978-0-691-12237-3|postscript=.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LoN2XkjJio4C&pg=PA24}}</ref>||{{nts|70000}}
-	||{{nts|70000}}||[[Sudan]]||1998||1998
-	|?|| The famine was caused almost entirely by human rights abuse and [[Second Sudanese Civil War|the war]] in Southern Sudan.<ref name="CNN despite">[http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/africa/9807/31/sudan.famine "Despite aid effort, Sudan famine squeezing life from dozens daily"], CNN; accessed May 25, 2006.</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Famine in Yemen (2016–present)]]||{{nts|50000}} children<ref name="FamYemBBC">{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=October 24, 2018 |title=Yemen crisis: Half of population facing 'pre-famine conditions'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-45964795|work=BBC |location= |access-date=October 28, 2018}}</ref>||{{nts|50000}} children<ref name="FamYemBBC"/>||{{nts|50000}} children<ref name="FamYemBBC"/>||[[Yemen]]||2016||present
-	|2 years|| The famine was triggered by [[Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen|Saudi Arabia's intervention]] into the [[Yemeni Civil War (2015–present)|Yemeni Civil War]], which is backed by Western powers including the [[United States]].<ref>{{cite news |last= Kristof|first=Nicholas|date=September 26, 2018|title=Be Outraged by America's Role in Yemen's Misery|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/26/opinion/yemen-united-states-united-nations.html|work=[[The New York Times]] |location= |access-date=October 28, 2018}}</ref> Around 13 million people, or roughly half of the country's population, is facing starvation in what the UN calls "the worst famine in the world in 100 years".<ref>{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=October 15, 2018 |title=Yemen could be 'worst famine in 100 years'|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-middle-east-45857729/yemen-could-be-worst-famine-in-100-years|work=BBC |location= |access-date=October 28, 2018 }}</ref>
-	|-
-	||Starvation caused by the [[Draining of the Mesopotamian Marshes#Demographic effects|draining of the Mesopotamian Marshes]]
-	||0?
-	||{{nts|275000}}?
-	||n/a
-	||[[Mesopotamian Marshes]], [[Iraq]] and [[Iran]]
-	||1950s
-	||1990s
-	|40 years
-	||Only 20,000 [[Marsh Arabs]] were left in the region after the draining, though it is unknown whether this was caused by famine or migration.<ref name="Marsh"/><ref name="Colep13"/>
-	|-
-	|}
-
-	== Anthropogenically exacerbated floods and landslides ==
-	{{Main|Flood|List of floods|List of deadliest floods|List of natural disasters by death toll#Floods and landslides|Landslide|List of landslides}}
-	''These are floods and landslides that have been partially caused by humans, for example by failure of [[dam]]s, [[levee]]s, [[seawall]]s or [[retaining wall]]s.''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-
-	{| class="sortable wikitable" style="font-size:100%;"
-	|-
-	! style="width:40%;" | Event
-	! style="width:22%;" | Lowest estimate
-	! style="width:18%;" | Highest estimate
-	! style="width:15%;" | Geom. mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />
-	!Location
-	!From
-	!Until
-	!Duration
-	!Notes
-	|-
-	|[[1931 China floods]]||{{ntsh|2500000}}2,500,000<ref name=":69">{{cite web|url=http://www.nbc10.com/news/4030540/detail.html|title=Worst Natural Disasters In History|work=Nbc10.com|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080421043514/http://www.nbc10.com/news/4030540/detail.html|archivedate=2008-04-21|deadurl=yes|accessdate=2010-08-11|df=}}</ref>||3,700,000<ref name=":69" />
-	|3,041,381
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1931|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1931|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[1887 Yellow River flood|1887 Yellow River (Huang He) flood]]||{{ntsh|900000}}900,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||2,000,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
-	|1,341,641
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1887|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1887|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[1938 Yellow River flood|1938 Yellow River (Huang He) flood]]||{{ntsh|500000}}500,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||700,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
-	|591,608
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1938|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1938|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	||[[Vietnamese boat people#Pirates and other hazards|Flight of the Boat People]]
-	||{{ntsh|380000}}200,000<ref name="Statistics of Vietnamese Democide" /><ref name="The Associated Press of 1979">The Associated Press of 1979</ref>
-	||560,000<ref name="Statistics of Vietnamese Democide" /><ref name="The Associated Press of 1979" />
-	||334,664
-	|[[Gulf of Thailand]] and [[Pacific Ocean]]
-	|1978
-	|1979
-	|1 year
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[1935 Yangtze river flood]]||{{ntsh|145000}}145,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||{{ntsh|145000}}145,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||145,000
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1935|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1935|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[St. Felix's Flood]], storm surge ||{{ntsh|100001}}more than 100,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||{{ntsh|100001}}more than 100,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||100,000
-	|[[Netherlands]]
-	|{{nts|1530|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1530|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Hanoi]] and [[Red River Delta]] flood ||{{ntsh|100000}}100,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||{{ntsh|100000}}100,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||100,000
-	|[[North Vietnam]]
-	|{{nts|1971|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1971|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[1911 Yangtze river flood]]||{{ntsh|100000}}100,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||{{ntsh|100000}}100,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||100,000
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{nts|1911|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1911|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	| The failure of 62 dams in [[Zhumadian]] Prefecture, [[Henan]], the largest of which was [[Banqiao Dam]], caused by [[Typhoon Nina (1975)|Typhoon Nina]]. ||{{ntsh|26000}}26,000<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=R9w2RfP-mtQC&pg=PA36|title=The River Dragon Has Come!: The Three Gorges Dam and the Fate of China's Yangtze River and Its People|author=Dai Qing|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|year=1998|isbn=978-0-7656-0206-0|page=36}}</ref>||230,000<ref>230,000 is the highest of a range of unofficial estimates, including also deaths of ensuing epidemics and famine, in {{harvnb|Yi|1998}}</ref>
-	|77,330
-	|[[China]]
-	|{{ntsh|1975.67}}August 1975
-	|{{ntsh|1975.67}}August 1975
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[St. Lucia's flood]], storm surge ||{{ntsh|50000}}50,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||80,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
-	|63,246
-	|[[Netherlands]], [[England]]
-	|{{nts|1287|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1287|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Vargas tragedy|Vargas Tragedy]], landslide ||{{ntsh|10000}}10,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||50,000{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}
-	|22,361
-	|[[Venezuela]]
-	|{{nts|1999|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|1999|format=no}}
-	|?
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[North Sea flood of 1953|North Sea flood, storm surge]]||{{ntsh|2400}}2,400{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||{{ntsh|2400}}2,400{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||2,400
-	|[[Netherlands]], [[Scotland]], [[England]], [[Belgium]]
-	|{{ntsh|1953.85}}31 January 1953
-	|{{ntsh|1953.85}}31 January 1953
-	|1 day
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Johnstown Flood]]||{{ntsh|2209}}2,209{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||{{ntsh|2209}}2,209{{citation needed|date=October 2015}}||2,209
-	|[[Pennsylvania]]
-	|{{ntsh|1889.25}}31 May 1889
-	|{{ntsh|1889.25}}31 May 1889
-	|1 day
-	|
-	|}
-
-	== Human sacrifice and suicide ==
-	''This section lists deaths from the practice of [[human sacrifice]] or [[suicide]].'' {{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-
-	{| class="sortable wikitable" style="width:100%;"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! style="width:7%;" | Event
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! style="width:7%;" data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geom. mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />!! style="width:5%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until
-	!Duration!! width="50%" data-sort-type="number" | Notes
-	|-
-	|[[Human sacrifice in Aztec culture]]||{{nts|20000}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Rivers of Blood, Rivers of Gold|last1=Cocker|first1=Mark|date=1998}}</ref>||{{nts|5000000}}<ref>{{cite book|title=History of the Conquest of Mexico|last1=Prescott|first1=William|date=1843}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|316228}}|| Mexico ||{{ntsh|1301}}14th century ||{{nts|1521|format=no}}
-	|200 years||[[Tzompantli#Aztec|Skull racks]]: 60,000<ref>Ruben Mendoza (2007) pp. 407–08.</ref> to 136,000<ref>Harner (1977) p. 122</ref> See also: [[Aztecs]]
-	|-
-	| Human sacrifice in [[Shang dynasty]] China ||{{nts|13,000}}<ref>''National Geographic'', July 2003, cited by [http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat0.htm#Shang White]</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}||{{nts|13,000}}
-	||{{nts|13,000}}|| China ||{{ntsh|-1300}}1300 BC ||{{ntsh|-1050}}1050 BC
-	|250 years|| Last 250 years of rule
-	|-
-	|[[List of bombings during the Iraq War|Suicide bombings during the Iraq War]]
-	|{{nts|12,284}}
-	|{{nts|12,284}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Hicks|first1=Madelyn Hsiao-Rei|last2=Dardagan|first2=Hamit|last3=Bagnall|first3=Peter M|last4=Spagat|first4=Michael|last5=Sloboda|first5=John A|date=September 3, 2011|title=Casualties in civilians and coalition soldiers from suicide bombings in Iraq, 2003–10: a descriptive study|url=http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736%2811%2961023-4/fulltext|journal=The Lancet|volume=378|issue=9794|pages=906–14|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61023-4|pmid=21890055|access-date=}}</ref>
-	|{{nts|12,284}}
-	|[[Iraq]]
-	|{{nts|2003|format=no}}
-	|{{nts|2011|format=no}}
-	|8 years
-	|See also: [[Iraqi insurgency (2003–11)]]
-	|-
-	|[[Sati (practice)|Sati]] ritual suicides ||{{nts|7941}}<ref name="White-SelectedDeathTolls">Sakuntala Narasimhan, ''Sati: widow burning in India'', quoted by Matthew White, [http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstatv.htm "Selected Death Tolls for Wars, Massacres and Atrocities Before the 20th Century", pg. 2] (July 2005), ''Historical Atlas of the 20th Century'' (self-published, 1998–2005).</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}||{{nts|7941}}
-	|{{nts|7941}}||[[British Raj|India]]||{{nts|1815|format=no}}||{{nts|1828|format=no}}
-	|13 years||
-	|-
-	|[[Kamikaze]] suicide pilots ||{{nts|3912}}<ref name=":68">This toll is only for the number of Japanese pilots killed in Kamikaze suicide missions. It does not include the number of enemy combatants killed by such missions, which is estimated to be around 4,000. Kamikaze pilots are estimated to have sunk or damaged beyond repair some 70 to 80 allied ships, representing about 80% of allied shipping losses in the final phase of the war in the Pacific (see [[Kamikaze]]).</ref>||{{nts|3912}}<ref name=":68" />
-	|{{nts|3912}}<ref name=":68" />||[[Pacific War|Pacific theatre]]||{{nts|1944|format=no}}||{{nts|1945|format=no}}
-	|1 year||See also: [[Empire of Japan]]
-	|-
-	| Mass suicide at [[Masada]]||{{nts|967}}{{Citation needed|date=June 2015}}||{{nts|967}}
-	|{{nts|967}}||[[Masada]]||{{ntsh|73.22}} Spring 73 CE ||{{ntsh|73.22}} Spring 73 CE
-	|?||
-	|-
-	|[[Palestinian suicide attacks]]
-	|{{nts|804}}
-	|{{nts|804}}
-	|{{nts|804}}
-	|[[Israel]] and [[State of Palestine|Palestine]]
-	|{{ntsh|1989.51}}July 6, 1989
-	|{{ntsh|2016.29}}April 18, 2016
-	|27 years
-	|May only include victims
-	{{See also|Palestinian political violence}}
-	|-
-	|Jonestown
-	|{{nts|909}}
-	|{{nts|909}}
-	|{{nts|909}}
-	|
-	|
-	|
-	|
-	|Jim Jones [[Jim Jones#Visit by Congressman Ryan and mass suicide at Jonestown]]
-	|-
-	|}
-
-	==Riots and political unrest==
-	{{Main|List of riots}}
-	''Riots and incidents where at least 100 people died are listed here.''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-	{|class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:97%;"
-	|-
-	! class="unsortable" | Event
-	! Victims
-	! Country
-	! Locale(s)
-	! Date
-	|-
-	| [[Partition of India and Pakistan]]
-	| {{ntsh|2000000}}200,000–2,000,000 || British India|| [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] and [[Bengal]] || {{nts|1947|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[La Violencia]]
-	| {{ntsh|300000}}200,000–300,000 || [[Colombia]]|| Country-wide || {{nts|1948|format=no}}–1960
-	|-
-	| [[1959 Tibetan uprising]]
-	| {{ntsh|87000}}85,000–87,000 || [[Tibet]], China || [[Lhasa]] || {{nts|1959|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Nika riots]]
-	| {{nts|30000}} || [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantium]] || [[Constantinople]] || {{ntsh|0532|format=no}}532
-	|-
-	| [[Paris Commune|La semaine sanglante]]
-	| {{ntsh|20000}}6,667–20,000 || France || Paris || {{nts|1871|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[February 28 Incident]]
-	| {{ntsh|30000}}10,000–30,000 || [[Republic of China (1912–1948)|China]] || Taiwan || {{nts|1947|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Jeju Uprising]]
-	| {{ntsh|30000}}14,000–30,000 || Southern Korea, present-day South Korea || [[Jeju island]] || {{nts|1948|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[August Uprising]]
-	| {{ntsh|15500}}13,000–15,500 || [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Georgia]] || || {{nts|1924|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[1932 Salvadoran peasant uprising]]
-	| {{ntsh|40000}}10,000–40,000 || [[El Salvador]] || || {{nts|1932|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[1907 Romanian Peasants' Revolt|Romanian Peasants' Revolt]]
-	| {{ntsh|20000}}10,000–20,000 || [[Romania]] || || {{nts|1907|format=no}}<!--Is this a riot || or is it a rebellion?-->
-	|-
-	| [[Kronstadt rebellion]]
-	| {{nts|10000}} || Russia || [[Kronstadt]] || {{nts|1921|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[1984 anti-Sikh riots]]
-	| {{ntsh|8000}}2,800–8,000 || India || New Delhi || {{nts|1984|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[March 1st Movement]]
-	| {{nts|7500}} || Japanese Korea, present-day South Korea || [[Seoul]] || {{nts|1919|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[Second Intifada]]
-	|{{ntsh|4354}}4,179–4,354
-	|[[Israel]]/[[Palestinian territories]]
-	|
-	|{{nts|2000|format=no}}–2005
-	|-
-	| [[Pitchfork Uprising]]
-	| {{nts|3800}} || Russia || || {{nts|1920|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Iranian Revolution]]<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|url=http://www.emadbaghi.com/en/archives/000592.php#more|title=Emad Baghi : English|website=emadbaghi.com|accessdate=August 2, 2018|format=no}}</ref>
-	| {{nts|2781}}|| [[Iran]] || || {{nts|1979|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[8888 Uprising]]
-	|{{ntsh|10000}}3,000–10,000 || [[Burma]]/[[Myanmar]] || || {{nts|1987|format=no}}–1993
-	|-
-	|[[First Intifada]]
-	|{{nts|2,204}}
-	|[[Israel]]/[[Palestinian territories]]
-	|
-	|{{nts|1987|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Banana massacre|Banana Massacre]]
-	| {{ntsh|2000}}47–2,000 || [[Colombia]] ||[[Ciénaga, Magdalena|Ciénaga]] || {{nts|1928|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Santa María School massacre]]
-	| {{nts|2300}} || [[Chile]] || [[Iquique]] || {{nts|1907|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[Nellie massacre|Assam Movement]]
-	|{{nts|2,191}}+
-	|[[India]]
-	|[[Assam]]
-	|{{nts|1979|format=no}}–1985
-	|-
-	|1994 South African transitional violence
-	|{{nts|1652}}<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/Freedom_in_the_World_1994-1995_complete_book.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005191135/https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/Freedom_in_the_World_1994-1995_complete_book.pdf|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2018-10-05|quote=During the first four months of 1994, the Human Rights Committee of South Africa reported that politically motivated killings occurred at a rate of nearly fourteen deaths per day.|access-date=October 5, 2018|page=521|publisher=Freedom House|location=New York|date=1995|title=Freedom in the World: The Annual Survey of Political Rights & Civil Liberties, 1994–1995|first1=Adrian|last1=Karatnycky|first2=Kathleen|last2=Cavanaugh|first3=James|last3=Finn|first4=Charles|last4=Graybow|first5=Douglas W.|last5=Payne|first6=Joseph E.|last6=Ryan|first7=Leonard R.|last7=Sussman|first8=George|last8=Zarycky|first9=James|last9=Finn}}</ref>||South Africa||||{{nts|1994|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Romanian Revolution of 1989]]
-	|{{nts|1104}} || [[Romania]] || [[Bucharest]] and major cities || {{nts|1989|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[2009 Boko Haram uprising]]
-	|{{nts|1000}}+||[[Nigeria]]||States of Bauchi, Borno, Yobe, and Kano||{{nts|2009|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[May 1998 riots of Indonesia]]
-	|{{ntsh|1200}}1,000–1,200 || [[Indonesia]] || [[Jakarta]], [[Medan]], [[Surakarta]] || {{nts|1998|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[2007–08 Kenyan crisis|2008 Kenyan election protests]]
-	|{{nts|1,000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://forums.ssrc.org:80/african-futures/2012/09/05/african-lysistrata-togo/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120923112950/http://forums.ssrc.org/african-futures/2012/09/05/african-lysistrata-togo/|dead-url=yes|archive-date=2012-09-23|title=An African Lysistrata in Togo – African Futures|date=23 September 2012|access-date=2018-12-25|df=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/06/world/africa/06kenya.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181005180448/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/06/world/africa/06kenya.html|dead-url=yes|archive-date=5 October 2018|title=Death Toll in Kenya Exceeds 1,000, but Talks Reach Crucial Phase – The New York Times|date=5 October 2018}}</ref>||[[Kenya]]|| ||{{nts|2008|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[Protests against Faure Gnassingbé|2005 Togolese democracy protests]]
-	|{{ntsh|1000}}500–1,000<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/africa/500-killed-in-togo-electoral-violence-un-254481 |title=500 killed in Togo electoral violence – UN |work=[[Independent Online (South Africa)|Independent Online]] |agency=[[Agence France-Presse|AFP]] |date=26 September 2005 |accessdate=29 December 2017}}</ref><ref>29 August 2005. Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR). "Conclusions."[http://www.ohchr.org/english/docs/rapporttogo.pdf "La mission d'établissement des faits chargée de faire la lumière sur les violences et les allégations de violations des droits de l'homme survenues au Togo avant, pendant et après l'élection présidentielle du 24 avril 2005"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051217024818/http://www.ohchr.org/english/docs/rapporttogo.pdf |date=2005-12-17 }}</ref>||[[Togo]]||||{{nts|2005|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[1989 Bhagalpur violence]]
-	|{{nts|1000}}
-	|[[India]]
-	|[[Bhagalpur district]], [[Bihar]]
-	|{{nts|1989|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Bloody Sunday (1905)|1905 Bloody Sunday]]
-	|{{ntsh|4000}}132–4,000 || Russia || [[Saint Petersburg]] || {{nts|1905|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes]]
-	|{{nts|893}}
-	|[[Kyrgyzstan]]
-	|
-	|{{nts|2010|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Iranian pilgrim riot]]
-	| {{nts|400}} || [[Saudi Arabia]] || [[Mecca]] || {{nts|1987|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Jallianwala Bagh massacre|Jallianwala Bagh]] (Amritsar) massacre
-	|{{ntsh|1526}}379–1,526|| British India || [[Amritsar]] || {{nts|1919|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Telangana movement]] (Hyderabad)
-	| {{nts|360}}+|| India || [[Hyderabad, India|Hyderabad]] || {{nts|1969|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[Tunisian Revolution]]
-	|{{nts|338}}
-	|[[Tunisia]]
-	|
-	|{{nts|2010|format=no}}–2011
-	|-
-	| [[Tiananmen Square protests of 1989]]
-	|{{ntsh|1454}}300–10,454|| China || Beijing || {{nts|1989|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[Kengir uprising]]
-	|{{nts|700}}||Soviet Union||Kazakhstan||{{nts|1954|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[2018 Nicaraguan protests]]
-	|{{nts|317}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.voanews.com/a/death-toll-nicaragua-protests-317-oas/4511928.html|title=Death Toll in Nicaraguan Protests Hits 317, OAS Says|first=VOA|last=News}}</ref>||Nicaragua||Country-wide||{{nts|2018|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Gordon Riots]]
-	| {{nts|285}} || Great Britain|| || {{nts|1780|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[1929 Palestine riots]]
-	| {{nts|249}} || [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate for Palestine]] || || {{nts|1929|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[2018–19 Sudanese protests]]
-	|{{nts|229}}+<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.news24.com/Africa/News/sudan-protest-death-toll-hits-90-doctors-committee-20190506|title=Sudan protest death toll hits 90: doctors committee|date=2019-05-06|website=News24|language=en|access-date=2019-08-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/04/world/africa/sudan-power-sharing-deal.html|title=Sudan Power-Sharing Deal Reached by Military and Civilian Leaders|last=Walsh|first=Declan|date=2019-07-04|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-08-12|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/07/sudan-death-toll-climbs-10-anti-military-rallies-190701093026658.html|title=Sudan protests: Death toll reaches 11 after anti-military rallies|website=www.aljazeera.com|access-date=2019-08-12}}</ref>||Sudan||Nationwide||{{nts|2018|format=no}}–2019
-	|-
-	|[[2017 Military Police of Espírito Santo strike|Military Police of Espírito Santo strike]]
-	|{{nts|215}}||Brazil||[[Espírito Santo]]||{{nts|2017|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[July 2009 Ürümqi riots|Ürümqi race riots]]
-	| {{nts|197}}+ || [[China]] || [[Xinjiang]] ||{{nts|2009|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[13 May incident]]
-	| {{nts|196}} || [[Malaysia]] || [[Kuala Lumpur]] || {{nts|1969|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Andijan massacre]]
-	| {{ntsh|1500}}187–1,500 || [[Uzbekistan]] || [[Andijan]] || {{nts|2005|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[2017 Venezuelan protests]]
-	| {{nts|165}} || Venezuela || Nationwide || {{nts|2017|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Gwangju Uprising]]
-	| {{ntsh|2000}}144–2,000 || [[South Korea]] || [[Gwangju]] || {{nts|1980|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Durban riots]]
-	|{{nts|142}} || [[Union of South Africa|South Africa]]||[[Durban]] ||{{nts|1949|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[2017 Brazil prison riots]]
-	|{{nts|140}}+||Brazil||||{{nts|2017|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy|Muhammad cartoon riots]]
-	|{{nts|139}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/sep/30/muhammadcartoons.lukeharding|title=How one of the biggest rows of modern times helped Danish exports to prosper|first=Luke|last=Harding|date=29 September 2006|website=the Guardian}}</ref> || Nigeria, Libya, Pakistan, and Afghanistan || || {{nts|2006|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Khartoum massacre]]
-	|{{ntsh|128}} 128 || [[Sudan]] || [[Khartoum]] || {{nts|2019|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[2012–13 Tana River District clashes|Tana River District clashes]]
-	|{{ntsh|118}} 118||[[Kenya]]||[[Tana River District]]||{{nts|2012|format=no}}–2013
-	|-
-	|[[Carandiru massacre]]
-	|{{nts|111}}
-	|[[Brazil]]
-	|[[São Paulo]]
-	|{{nts|1992|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Euromaidan]]
-	|{{ntsh|797}}121–797 || [[Ukraine]] || [[Kiev]] || {{nts|2014|format=no}}
-	|-
-	|[[Carandiru massacre]]
-	|{{nts|111}}
-	|[[Brazil]]
-	|[[São Paulo]]
-	|{{nts|1992|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[New York City draft riots]]
-	|{{ntsh|120}}119–120 || United States || New York City || {{nts|1863|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[1956 Georgian demonstrations|Georgian de-Stalinization riots]]
-	|{{ntsh|100}}22–100 || [[Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic|Georgia]] || Country-wide || {{nts|1956|format=no}}
-	|-
-	| [[Napoleon]]'s "[[13 Vendémiaire|whiff of grapeshot]]"
-	|{{nts|100}} || France || Paris || {{nts|1795|format=no}}
-	|}
-
-	== List of prisons, concentration, and extermination camps by death toll ==
-	''This s'' by death toll''ection lists deaths that occurred in particular prisons, concentration and/or extermination camps, deaths are from both the conditions within the camps and from the active murder/execution of prisoners.''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-	{| class="sortable wikitable" style="width:100%;"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! style="width:7%;" | Event
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! style="width:7%;" data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geometric mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />!! style="width:5%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until
-	!Duration!! width="50%" data-sort-type="number" | Notes
-	|-
-	|[[Auschwitz concentration camp]]
-	|{{nts|800000}}
-	|{{nts|1500000}}
-	|{{nts|1095445}}
-	|[[Oświęcim]], [[Poland]]
-	|1940
-	|1945
-	|5 years
-	|<ref>Wellers, Georges. "Essai de determination du nombre de morts au camp d'Auschwitz (attempt to determine the number of dead at the Auschwitz camp)", ''Le Monde Juif'', Oct–Dec 1983, pp. 127–59.</ref><ref>Brian Harmon, John Drobnicki, [http://www.vex.net/~nizkor/features/denial-of-science/appendix-2-01.html Historical sources and the Auschwitz death toll estimates], vex.net; accessed August 2, 2018.</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Treblinka extermination camp]]
-	|{{nts|700000}}
-	|{{nts|1000000}}
-	|{{nts|836660}}
-	|[[Treblinka]], [[Poland]]
-	|1942
-	|1943
-	|1 year
-	|<ref name="nizkor.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.nizkor.org/faqs/reinhard/reinhard-faq-13.html|title=Operation Reinhard: Treblinka Deportations|work=Nizkor.org|accessdate=2013-08-23}}</ref><ref name="ea">Encyclopedia Americana</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Bełżec extermination camp]]
-	|{{nts|480000}}
-	|{{nts|600000}}
-	|{{nts|536656}}
-	|[[Bełżec, Lublin Voivodeship|Bełżec]], [[Poland]]
-	|1942
-	|1943
-	|1 year
-	|<ref name="witte-tyas">Peter Witte and Stephen Tyas, ''A New Document on the Deportation and Murder of Jews during "Einsatz Reinhardt" 1942'', [[Holocaust and Genocide Studies]], vol 15, No. 3, Winter 2001; {{ISBN|0-19-922506-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The Destruction of the European Jews: Third Edition|author=Raul Hilberg|year=2003|isbn=978-0-300-09557-9}}</ref><ref name="arad">Yitzhak Arad, ''Bełżec, Sobibor, Treblinka. The Operation Reinhard Death Camps'', Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis, 1987; NCR 0-253-34293-7</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Jasenovac concentration camp]]
-	|{{nts|100000}}
-	|{{nts|700000}}
-	|{{nts|264575}}
-	|[[Croatia]]
-	|1941
-	|1945
-	|4 years
-	|<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/Jasenovac.html|title=Library|publisher=jewishvirtuallibrary.org|accessdate=2013-08-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/programmes/from_our_own_correspondent/1673249.stm|title=Croatian holocaust still stirs controversy|date=2001-11-29|accessdate=2010-09-29|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref name="bbc1">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4479837.stm|title=Balkan 'Auschwitz' haunts Croatia|date=2005-04-25|accessdate=2010-09-29|work=BBC News|quote=No one really knows how many died here. Serbs talk of 700,000. Most estimates put the figure nearer 100,000.}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Kolyma#Accounts of the Kolyma Gulag camps|Kolyma]]
-	|{{nts|130000}}
-	|{{nts|500000}}
-	|{{nts|254951}}
-	|[[Kolyma]], [[Soviet Union]]
-	|1932
-	|1954
-	|22 years
-	|<ref>Ludwik Kowalski: Alaska notes on Stalinism; retrieved 18 January 2007. Case Study: Stalin's Purges from Genderside Watch; retrieved 19 January 2007. George Bien, Gulag Survivor in the ''[[Boston Globe]]'', June 22, 2005, [[Kolyma]].</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Stutthof|Stutthof concentration camp]]
-	|{{nts|85000}}
-	|{{nts|85000}}
-	|{{nts|85000}}
-	|[[Stutthof]], [[Poland]]
-	|1939
-	|1945
-	|6 years
-	|See also: [[Nazi Germany|Second World War]]
-	|-
-	|[[Stara Gradiška concentration camp]]
-	|{{nts|12790}}
-	|{{nts|75000}}
-	|{{nts|30972}}
-	|[[Croatia]]
-	|1941
-	|1945
-	|4 years
-	|Primarily for women and children.<ref name="Smreka">{{cite web|url=http://public.mzos.hr/fgs.axd?id=13416|title=STARA GRADIŠKA Ustaški koncentracijski logor|author=Jelka Smreka|publisher=Spomen područja Jasenovac|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717120002/http://public.mzos.hr/fgs.axd?id=13416|archivedate=2011-07-17|deadurl=yes|accessdate=2010-08-25}}</ref><ref name="kovacic">{{cite web|url=http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/75758|title=Iskapanja na prostoru koncentracijskog logora Stara Gradiška i procjena broj žrtava|author=Davor Kovačić|year=2004|accessdate=2010-08-25}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum|Tuol Sleng]]
-	|{{nts|17000}}
-	|{{nts|17000}}
-	|{{nts|17000}}
-	|[[Phnom Penh]], [[Cambodia]]
-	|1975
-	|1979
-	|4 years
-	|<ref name="dccam-history-of-dk">{{cite book|url=http://www.dccam.org|title=A History of Democratic Kampuchea (1975–1979)|publisher=Documentation Center of Cambodia|isbn=99950-60-04-3|page=74}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Andersonville National Historic Site|Camp Sumter]]
-	|{{nts|13171}}
-	|{{nts|13171}}
-	|{{nts|13171}}
-	|[[Andersonville, Georgia]], [[United States]]
-	|1864
-	|1865
-	|1 year
-	|<ref>''The Andersonville Prison Trial: The Trial of Captain Henry Wirz'', by General N.P. Chipman, 1911.<!-- publisher?? --></ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Crveni Krst concentration camp]]
-	|{{nts|12000}}
-	|{{nts|12000}}
-	|{{nts|12000}}
-	|[[Niš]], [[Serbia]]
-	|1941
-	|1944
-	|3 years
-	|<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mrc.org.rs/?mod=prikaz&jezik=srpski&sta=vesti&id_tekst=2378|title=On the killing of Roma in World War II|date=2013-03-13|publisher=Mrc.org.rs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111006213607/http://www.mrc.org.rs/?mod=prikaz&jezik=srpski&sta=vesti&id_tekst=2378|archive-date=2011-10-06|dead-url=yes|accessdate=2013-08-23|df=}}</ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Tammisaari prison camp]]
-	|{{nts|2963}}
-	|{{nts|2963}}
-	|{{nts|2963}}
-	|[[Ekenäs, Finland|Tammisaari]], [[Finland]]
-	|1918
-	|1918
-	|4 months
-	|
-	|-
-	|[[Elmira Prison]]
-	|{{nts|2963}}
-	|{{nts|2963}}
-	|{{nts|2963}}
-	|[[Elmira, New York]], U.S.
-	|1864
-	|1865
-	|1 year
-	|<ref>{{cite book|title=Death Camp of the North: The Elmira Civil War Prison Camp|last=Horigan|first=Michael|publisher=[[Stackpole Books]]|year=2002|isbn=0-8117-1432-2|location=Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania|ref=harv}}<!--need page number for citation--></ref>
-	|-
-	|[[Shark Island Concentration Camp|Shark Island concentration camp]]
-	|{{nts|1032}}
-	|{{nts|4000}}{{sfn|Erichsen|2005|p=133}}
-	|{{nts|2032}}
-	|[[Luderitz]], [[German South-West Africa]]
-	|1905
-	|1907
-	|2 years
-	|The minimum death toll is out of a camp population of 1,795 people, and the maximum total includes those who died in the [[Luderitz]] area.
-	|}
-
-	==List of political leaders and regimes by death toll==
-	''This section lists deaths attributed to certain political leaders, deaths are from both the conditions within the country due to national policy, and active killings by forces loyal to the leader in question.''{{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
-	{| class="sortable wikitable" style="width:100%;"
-	|- style="background:#CCCC;"
-	! style="width:7%;" | Leader(s)
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Lowest estimate!! style="width:7%;" data-sort-type="number" | Highest estimate
-	! data-sort-type="number" | Geom. mean estimate<ref name="Pinto 2014 173–180" />!! style="width:5%;" | Location !! style="width:5%;" | From !! width="5%" data-sort-type="number" | Until
-	!Duration!! width="50%" data-sort-type="number" | Notes
-	|-
-	||[[Hong Xiuquan]]
-	[[Emperor Xianfeng]]
-	[[Empress Dowager Cixi]]
-	|{{nts|10000000}}<ref name="auto5"/>
-	|{{nts|100000000}}<ref name="auto6"/><ref name="auto9"/><ref name="auto10"/>
-	|{{nts|31622777}}
-	||[[Taiping Heavenly Kingdom]]
-	[[Qing dynasty]]
-	||1850
-	||1864
-	||14 years
-	||Hong Xiuquan was a [[Hakka Chinese]] revolutionary who was the leader of the Taiping Rebellion against the [[Qing Dynasty]]. He established the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom over varying portions of southern China, with himself as the "[[Tian Wang|Heavenly King]]" and self-proclaimed brother of [[Jesus Christ]].
-	{{See also|Taiping Rebellion}}
-	|-
-	||[[Mao Zedong]]
-	||{{nts|13597000}}
-	||{{nts|70000000}}<ref name="Fenby, J 2008 p. 351">Fenby, J (2008). Modern China: The Fall and Rise of a Great Power, 1850 to the Present. Ecco Press. pg. 351; {{ISBN|0-06-166116-3}}. "Mao's responsibility for the extinction of anywhere from 40 to 70 million lives brands him as a mass killer greater than Hitler or Stalin, his indifference to the suffering and the loss of humans breathtaking"</ref>
-	||{{nts|30851094}}
-	||[[China|People's Republic of China]]
-	||1946
-	||1976
-	|30 years
-	||Critics of [[Mao Zedong]] have argued [[Mao Zedong|Mao]]'s China saw unprecedented losses of human life through inhuman economic policies such as the [[Great Leap Forward]], [[Laogai|slave labor through the Laogai]], violent political purges such as the [[Cultural Revolution]] the [[Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries]], [[Land reforms by country#China|and class extermination through land reform.]] The estimate of the minimum death toll is the sum of the minimum estimate of famine dead (11.6 million),<ref>{{cite web |last1=Patnaik |first1=Utsa |title=On Famine and Measuring 'Famine Deaths' |url=https://archive.org/details/pdfy-aW9fF2uI0YXUonyt/page/n5 |website=Internet Archive |accessdate=27 April 2019}}</ref> land reform dead (800,000),<ref>{{cite news|url=https://partners.nytimes.com/library/world/asia/061357liquidated.html|title=Mao Text Shows Reds 'Liquidated' 800,000 Since '49|last1=Gruson|first1=Sidney|agency=New York Times}}</ref> Counterrevolutionaries dead (712,000),<ref name="Yang Kuisong" /> and Cultural Revolution dead (400,000)<ref name="Maurice Meisner 1999 354" /> plus the minimum killed in the [[1959 Tibetan uprising]] (85,000 to 87,000).
-	{{See also|History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)}}
-	|-
-	||[[Genghis Khan]]
-	[[Timur]]
-
-	[[Kublai Khan]]
-	||{{nts|20000000}}
-	||{{nts|40000000}}
-	||{{nts|30945906}}
-	||[[Eurasia]]
-	||1206
-	||1405
-	||199 years
-	||Due to the lack or records and time span in which they occurred, estimates of the violence associated with the [[Mongol invasions and conquests|conquests of the Mongol Empire]] and its predecessor states vary considerably<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#Mongol|title=Twentieth Century Atlas – Historical Body Count|website=necrometrics.com|access-date=2019-04-27}}</ref> not including the spread of [[Black Death|plague]] to Europe, West Asia, or China it is possible that between 20 and 40 million people were killed between 1206 and 1405 during the various campaign's of Genghis Khan, Kublai Khan, and Timur<ref>{{Cite book|title=Development Centre studies Chinese economic performance in the long run|last=m|first=Angus|publisher=Development Centre studies Chinese economic performance in the long run|year=1998|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=An Estimate of the Total Population of Sung-Chin China", in Études Song Series 1, No 1|last=HO|first=Ping-ti|year=1970|isbn=|location=|pages=33 53}}</ref>
-
-	*
-	|-
-	||[[Adolf Hitler]]
-	||{{nts|13518250}}
-	||{{nts|25495692}}+
-	||{{nts|18564944}}
-	||[[Nazi Germany|German]]<nowiki/>-occupied Europe
-	||1934
-	||1945
-	|11 years
-	||[[The Holocaust]] against the [[Jews]], plus the genocide and mass murder of [[Porajmos|Gypsies]], [[World War II persecution of Serbs|Serbs]], [[Reichskommissariat Ukraine|East Slavs]], [[Nazi eugenics|the disabled]], [[Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust|homosexuals]], [[Suppression of Freemasonry|Freemasons]], [[Nazi crimes against Soviet POWs|POWs]], and the [[Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany|Jehovah's Witnesses]]
-	* 4,900,000 to 6,200,000 Jews killed (2/3s to 78% of European Jewry killed)<ref>Reitlinger, Gerald (1953). The Final Solution. The Attempt to Exterminate the Jews of Europe, 1939–1945. New York City: Beechhurst Press.</ref><ref>Early efforts by scholars to determine the number of Jews murdered by the Nazis were limited by a lack of access to pertinent records. The genocide seldom entered Western discourse, both due to ignorance and to the Cold-War politics which made West Germany a new ally of the United States.The first significant work on the subject published in English was Gerald Reitlinger's Final Solution (1953), which, relying almost exclusively on German documentation, estimated 4.9 million dead. This figure is now considered extremely conservative. Raul Hilberg's 1961 The Destruction of the European Jews became a classic in the field of Holocaust literature and made the genocide of the Jews known to the wider public, Hilberg estimated its victims to be 5.1 million lives, or 4.9 – 5.4 million broadly construed. The trial of Adolph Eichmann further raised awareness of the genocide, Eichmann also provided documentation and testimony which revised the number of the dead.The first work to arrive at a figure comparable to modern estimates was Lucy Dawidowicz's The War Against the Jews, published in 1975, the book provided detailed listings by country of the number of Jews killed in the Holocaust which are still used as a reference in modern Holocaust studies. Dawidowicz researched birth and death records in many cities of prewar Europe to come up with a death toll of 5,933,900 Jews. After the opening of Soviet records, scholarship arrived at a death toll of about 6 million Jews. Gutman and Rozett's Encyclopedia of the Holocaust was published in 1990 and estimated slightly over 5.9 million Jews were murdered.Wolfgang Benz's The Holocaust: A German Historian Examines the Genocide, published 1995, gave a toll of 6.2 million.</ref><ref>Davies, Norman (2012). God's Playground [Boze igrzysko]. Otwarte (publishing). p. 956. {{ISBN|8324015566}}. Polish edition, second volume. "To, co robili Sowieci, bylo szczególnie mylace. Same liczby bylSacramentsie wiarygodne, ale pozbawione komentarza, sprytnie ukrywaly fakt, ze ofiary w przewazajacej liczbie nie byly Rosjanami, ze owe miliony obejmowaly ofiary nie tylko Hitlera, ale i Stalina, oraz ze wsród ludnosci cywilnej najwieksze grupy stanowili Ukraincy, Polacy, Bialorusini i Zydzi. Translation: The Soviet methods were particularly misleading. The numbers were correct, but the victims were overwhelmingly not Russian, and came from either one of the two regimes."</ref>
-	*7,405,000 to 17,244,692 killed by [[Generalplan Ost]] and [[Hunger Plan]]
-	**2,470,000<ref>Zemskov, Viktor N. (2012). "О масштабах людских потерь CCCР в Великой Отечественной Войне" [The extent of human losses USSR in the Great Patriotic War]. Military Historical Archive (Военно-исторический архив) (in Russian). 9: 59–71 – via Demoskop Weehly vol. 559–560 (2013)<br />Excludes:
-	* Excludes the 2,500,000 million Jewish civilians killed in Soviet Territories-(see: Gilbert, Martin. Atlas of the Holocaust. 1988. {{ISBN|978-0-688-12364-2}})
-	* 30,000 to 35,000 Roma killed in Porajmos-(see: Niewyk, Donald L. (2000). The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust. Columbia University Press. p. 422. {{ISBN|0-231-11200-9}}. "European Romani (Gypsy) Population". The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: Holocaust Encyclopedia. Retrieved 8 January 2016..</ref> to 11,149,692<ref>
-	Includes:
-
-	* Deaths caused by the result of direct, intentional actions of violence 7,420,379-(see: ????????? 1995, pp. 124–131 The Russian Academy of Science article by M.V. Philimoshin based this figure on sources published in the Soviet era.)
-	* Deaths of forced laborers in Germany 2,164,313-(see: Евдокимов 1995, pp. 124–131.)
-	* Deaths due to famine and disease in the occupied regions 4,100,000-(see: Евдокимов 1995, pp. 124–131 The Russian Academy of Science article by M.V. Philimoshin estimated 6% of the population in the occupied regions died due to war related famine and disease.)
-	Excludes:
-
-	* Excludes the 2,500,000 million Jewish civilians killed in Soviet Territories-(see: Gilbert, Martin. Atlas of the Holocaust. 1988. {{ISBN|978-0-688-12364-2}})
-	* 30,000 to 35,000 Roma killed in Porajmos-(see: Niewyk, Donald L. (2000). The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust. Columbia University Press. p. 422. {{ISBN|0-231-11200-9}}. "European Romani (Gypsy) Population". The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum: Holocaust Encyclopedia. Retrieved 8 January 2016.</ref> [[World War II casualties of the Soviet Union|Non Jewish and Roma Soviet civilians killed]]
-	***(500,000<ref>Richard Overy, Russia's War (1997): "an estimated 500,000 Soviet citizens died from German bomb attacks."</ref> died from [[Strategic bombing during World War II|Bombing of Soviet civilians]] alone)
-	**3,135,000 to 3,325,000 [[German mistreatment of Soviet prisoners of war|Non-Jewish Soviet POWs killed by Nazis]]<ref>
-	{{Cite web|url=http://www.berkeleyinternet.com/iwm/soviet.html|title=Imperial War Museum - Invasion of the Soviet Union display|website=www.berkeleyinternet.com|access-date=2019-07-29}}</ref>
-	** 1,800,000<ref>
-	{{Cite web|url=https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/polish-victims|title=Polish Victims|website=encyclopedia.ushmm.org|language=en|access-date=2019-07-29}}</ref> to 2,770,000<ref>Tomasz Szarota; Wojciech Materski, eds. (2009). Polska 1939–1945. Straty osobowe i ofiary represji pod dwiema okupacjami [Poland 1939–1945. Human Losses and Victims of Repression under two Occupations]. Warsaw: Institute of National Remembrance (IPN). Archived from the original on 23 March 2012. – Janusz Kurtyka; Zbigniew Gluza. Preface.: "ze pod okupacja sowiecka zginelo w latach 1939–1941, a nastepnie 1944–1945 co najmniej 150 tys [...] Laczne straty smiertelne ludnosci polskiej pod okupacja niemiecka oblicza sie obecnie na ok. 2 770 000. [...] Do tych strat nalezy doliczyc ponad 100 tys. Polaków pomordowanych w latach 1942–1945 przez nacjonalistów ukrainskich (w tym na samym Wolyniu ok. 60 tys. osób [...] Liczba Zydów i Polaków zydowskiego pochodzenia, obywateli II Rzeczypospolitej, zamordowanych przez Niemców siega 2,7– 2,9 mln osób." Translation: "It must be assumed losses of at least 150.000 people during the Soviet occupation from 1939 to 1941 and again from 1944 to 1945 [...] The total fatalities of the Polish population under the German occupation are now estimated at 2,770,000. [...] To these losses should be added more than 100,000 Poles murdered in the years 1942–1945 by Ukrainian nationalists (including about 60,000 in Volhynia [...] The number of Jews and Poles of Jewish ethnicity, citizens of the Second Polish Republic, murdered by the Germans amounts to 2.7–2.9 million people." – Waldemar Grabowski. German and Soviet occupation. Fundamental issues.: "Straty ludnosci panstwa polskiego narodowosci ukrainskiej sa trudne do wyliczenia," Translation: "The losses of ethnic Poles of Ukrainian nationality are difficult to calculate." Note: Polish losses amount to 11.3% of the 24.4 million ethnic Poles in prewar Poland and about 90 percent of the 3.3 million Jews of prewar times. The IPN figures do not include losses among Polish citizens of Ukrainian and Belarusian ethnicity. https://web.archive.org/web/20120323161233/http://niniwa2.cba.pl/polska_1939_1945.htm</ref> [[Nazi crimes against the Polish nation|Poles and other Non-Jews killed by Nazis in Poland]]
-	* 130,000<ref>Niewyk, Donald L. (2000). The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust. Columbia University Press. p. 422. {{ISBN|0-231-11200-9}}.</ref> to 500,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/genocide-of-european-roma-gypsies-1939-1945|title=Genocide of European Roma (Gypsies), 1939–1945|website=encyclopedia.ushmm.org|language=en|access-date=2019-07-29}}</ref> killed in [[Porajmos]] (1/4 of Roma population)
-	* 300,000 to 600,000 [[World War II persecution of Serbs|Serbians killed]] by the [[Ustaše]]<ref>"Croatia" (PDF). Shoah Resource Center, The International School for Holocaust Studies. Yad Vashem. Glišic, Venceslav (12 January 2006). "Žrtve licitiranja – Sahrana jednog mita, Bogoljub Kocovic". NIN (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 1 August 2013. http://www.yadvashem.org/odot_pdf/Microsoft%20Word%20-%205930.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20130801090050/http://www.knjigainfo.com/index.php?gde=%40http%3A%2F%2Fwww.knjigainfo.com%2Fpls%2Fsasa%2Fbip.text%3Ftid%3D38347%40</ref>
-	* 300,000<ref>Voglis, Polymeris (2006). "Surviving Hunger: Life in the Cities and the Countryside during the Occupation". In Gildea, Robert; Wievorka, Olivier; Warring, Anette. Surviving Hitler and Mussolini: Daily Life in Occupied Europe. Oxford: Berg. pp. 16–41. {{ISBN|978-1-84520-181-4}}.</ref><ref>Baranowski, Shelley (2010). Nazi empire : German colonialism and imperialism from Bismarck to Hitler. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 273. {{ISBN|978-0-521-67408-9}}.</ref> [[Great Famine (Greece)]]
-	* 275,000 to 300,000 killed in [[Aktion T4]]<ref>"Exhibition catalogue in German and English" (PDF). Berlin, Germany: Memorial for the Victims of National Socialist ›Euthanasia‹ Killings. 2018. "Euthanasia Program" (PDF). Yad Vashem. 2018. Chase, Jefferson (January 26, 2017). "Remembering the 'forgotten victims' of Nazi 'euthanasia' murders". Deutsche Welle. https://www.stiftung-denkmal.de/fileadmin/user_upload/projekte/oeffentlichkeitsarbeit/pdf/T4_Flyer_2015_EN_Web.pdf http://www.yadvashem.org/odot_pdf/Microsoft%20Word%20-%206303.pdf http://www.dw.com/en/remembering-the-forgotten-victims-of-nazi-euthanasia-murders/a-37286088</ref>
-	* 80,000 to 200,000 killed in [[Suppression of Freemasonry#Nazi Germany and occupied Europe|Elimination of Freemasons]]<ref>Hodapp, Christopher (2013). Freemasonry for Dummies, 2. Edition. Wiley Publishing Inc. {{ISBN|1118412087}}.</ref>
-	* 77,000 members of [[German resistance to Nazism|German resistance against Nazism executed]]<ref>Peter Hoffmann "The History of the German Resistance, 1933–1945"p.xiii</ref>
-	* 20,000 to 25,000 Slovenes<ref>The number of Slovenes estimated to have died as a result of the Nazi occupation (not including those killed by Slovene collaboration forces and other Nazi allies) is estimated between 20,000 and 25,000 people. This number only includes civilians: Slovene partisan POWs who died and resistance fighters killed in action are not included (their number is estimated at 27,000). These numbers however include only Slovenes from present-day Slovenia: it does not include Carinthian Slovene victims, nor Slovene victims from areas in present-day Italy and Croatia. These numbers are result of a 10-year-long research by the Institute for Contemporary History (Inštitut za novejšo zgodovino) from Ljubljana, Slovenia. The partial results of the research have been released in 2008 in the volume Žrtve vojne in revolucije v Sloveniji (Ljubljana: Institute for Contemporary History, 2008), and officially presented at the Slovenian National Council
-	http://www.ds-rs.si/sites/default/files/dokumenti/zbornik_zrtve_vojne_in_revolucije.pdf</ref>
-	* 18,000<ref>van der Zee, Henri A (1998), The Hunger Winter: Occupied Holland 1944–1945, University of Nebraska Press, pp. 304–5.</ref> to 22,000<ref>Barnouw, David (1999). De hongerwinter. {{ISBN|978-9065504463}}.</ref> [[Dutch famine of 1944–45]]
-	* 7,000 Spanish Republican killed<ref>Pike, David Wingeate. Spaniards in the Holocaust: Mauthausen, the horror on the Danube; Editorial: Routledge Chapman & Hall {{ISBN|978-0-415-22780-3}}. London, 2000.</ref>
-	* 5,000 to 15,000 [[Persecution of homosexuals in Nazi Germany and the Holocaust|Homosexuals killed]]<ref>The Holocaust Chronicle, Publications International Ltd., p. 108.</ref>
-	* 1,250 to 5,000 [[Persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses in Nazi Germany|Jehovah's Witnesses killed]]<ref>Shulman, William L. A State of Terror: Germany 1933–1939. Bayside, New York: Holocaust Resource Center and Archives.</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Chiang Kai-shek|Chiang Kai-Shek]]
-	||{{nts|5965000}}<ref name="rumdinger">{{cite web|url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/CHINA.CHAP1.HTM|title=CHINA'S BLOODY CENTURY|last1=R.J.Rummel}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|18522000}}<ref name="rumdinger" />
-	||{{nts|10511124}}
-	||[[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]
-	||1928
-	||1946
-	|18 years
-	||Primarily from conscription campaigns but also grain confiscations and other atrocities.
-	{{See also|Nationalist Government#Human Rights violations|l1=Mass killings under the Chinese Nationalist government}}
-	|-
-	||[[Joseph Stalin]]
-	||3,300,000
-	||15,000,000
-	||{{nts|7035624}}
-	||[[Soviet Union]]
-	||1922
-	||1953
-	|31 years
-	||The millions killed by the regime of [[Joseph Stalin]] through [[Soviet famine of 1932-33|famine]], [[Great Purge|purges]], [[Gulag|labor camps]], [[Population transfer in the Soviet Union|population transfer]], [[Deportation of the Crimean Tatars|deportations]], and [[Polish Operation of the NKVD (1937–38)|NKVD massacres.]] The minimum death toll (to the left) uses the minimum post-archive calculations from after the fall of the Soviet regime of those not killed in famine which range from four to ten million.<ref name="etext.org">{{cite journal|author1=Getty, J.A.|author2=Rittersporn, G.T.|author3=Zemskov, V.N.|year=1993|title=Victims of the Soviet Penal System in the Pre-war Years|url=http://www.etext.org/Politics/Staljin/Staljin/articles/AHR/AHR.html|deadurl=yes|journal=American Historical Review|volume=98|issue=4|pages=1017–49|doi=10.2307/2166597|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611064213/http://www.etext.org/Politics/Staljin/Staljin/articles/AHR/AHR.html|archivedate=11 June 2008|jstor=2166597}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wheatcroft, Stephen|year=1996|title=The Scale and Nature of German and Soviet Repression and Mass Killings, 1930–45|url=http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/WCR-German_Soviet.pdf|journal=Europe-Asia Studies|volume=48|issue=8|pages=1319–53|doi=10.1080/09668139608412415|jstor=152781}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Wheatcroft, Stephen|year=1990|title=More light on the scale of repression and excess mortality in the Soviet Union in the 1930s|url=http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/WCR-Scale_Repression.pdf|journal=Soviet Studies|volume=42|issue=2|pages=355–67|doi=10.1080/09668139008411872|jstor=152086}}</ref> [[Robert Conquest]], writer of the book ''[[The Great Terror]]'', first stated an estimate of 30 million, then a few years later lowering it to 20 million,<ref name="Conquest, Robert 1991">[[Robert Conquest|Conquest, Robert]] (1991) ''The Great Terror: A Reassessment'', Oxford University Press; {{ISBN|0-19-507132-8}}</ref> and finally saying that no fewer than 15 million perished during the entire history of the USSR.<ref>{{citation|last=Conquest|first=Robert|title=The Great Terror: A Reassessment, 40th Anniversary Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ubXQSk2qfXMC|page=xvi|year=2007|orig-year=1990|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-195-31699-5|quote="Exact numbers may never be known with complete certainty, but the total of deaths caused by the whole range of Soviet regime's terrors can hardly be lower than some fifteen million."|author-link=Robert Conquest}}</ref> Following the collapse of the USSR and the opening of the archives, scholars have reached lower death tolls.<ref>{{cite article|last=Snyder|first=Timothy|title=Hitler vs. Stalin: Who Was Worse?|website=The New York Review of Books|date=27 January 2011|url=http://www.nybooks.com/daily/2011/01/27/hitler-vs-stalin-who-was-worse/|accessdate=13 October 2017|quote=" The total number of noncombatants killed by the Germans—about 11 million—is roughly what we had thought. The total number of civilians killed by the Soviets, however, is considerably less than we had believed. We know now that the Germans killed more people than the Soviets did . . . All in all, the Germans deliberately killed about 11 million noncombatants, a figure that rises to more than 12 million if foreseeable deaths from deportation, hunger, and sentences in concentration camps are included. For the Soviets during the Stalin period, the analogous figures are approximately six million and nine million. These figures are of course subject to revision, but it is very unlikely that the consensus will change again as radically as it has since the opening of Eastern European archives in the 1990s.}}</ref>
-
-	The minimum death toll (to the left) uses the minimum post-archive calculations from after the fall of the Soviet regime of those not killed in famine<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sovietinfo.tripod.com/WCR-Secret_Police.pdf|title=Victims of Stalinism and the Soviet Secret Police: The Comparability and Reliability of the Archival Data. Not the Last Word|last=Wheatcroft|first=Stephen G|date=|website=|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=}}</ref>
-
-	Timothy D. Snyder in 2011 said that Stalin approximately killed 6 million to 9 million <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nybooks.com/daily/2011/01/27/hitler-vs-stalin-who-was-worse/|title=Hitler vs. Stalin: Who Was Worse?|last=Snyder|first=Timothy|date=2011-01-27|website=The New York Review of Books|language=en|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref>
-
-	see also
-
-	[[Excess mortality in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin]]
-
-	|-
-	||[[Hirohito]]
-	||{{nts|3000000}}<ref name="Rummell, Statistics" />
-	||{{nts|14000000}}<ref name="educationforum.ipbhost.com" />
-	||{{nts|6480741}}
-	||In and around East and South East [[Asia]], [[Oceania]] and the Pacific
-	||1895
-	||1945
-	|50 years
-	||See also: [[Japanese war crimes]]
-	|-
-	||[[Leopold II of Belgium]]
-	||{{nts|3000000}}{{efn|The Casement estimate is used by Ascherson in his book ''[[The King Incorporated]]'', although he notes that it is "almost certainly an underestimate".{{sfn|Ascherson|1999|p=9}}}}
-	||{{nts|13000000}}{{sfn|Hochschild|1999|p=315}}
-	||{{nts|6244998}}
-	||[[Congo Free State]]||{{nts|1885|format=no}}||{{nts|1908|format=no}}
-	|13 years||[[International Association of the Congo|Private forces]] under the control of [[Leopold II of Belgium]] carried out mass murders, mutilations, and other crimes against the Congolese in order to encourage the gathering of valuable raw materials, principally [[rubber]]. Significant deaths also occurred due to major disease outbreaks and starvation, caused by population displacement and poor treatment.<ref name="Hochschild 1999" /> Estimates of the death toll vary considerably due to the lack of a formal census before 1924, but a commonly cited figure of 10 million deaths was obtained by estimating a 50% decline in the total population during the Congo Free State and applying it to the total population of 10 million in 1924.<ref name="Hochschild p.226–232" /> See also: [[Atrocities in the Congo Free State]]
-	|-
-	||[[Ranavalona I]]
-	||{{nts|2500000}}
-	||{{nts|2500000}}
-	||{{nts|2500000}}
-	||[[Madagascar]]
-	||1829
-	||1842
-	|13 years
-	||Putting an end to most foreign trade relationships, [[Ranavalona I]] pursued a policy of self-reliance, made possible through frequent use of the long-standing tradition of ''[[Corvée#Madagascar|fanompoana]]''—forced labor in lieu of tax payments in money or goods. Ranavalona continued the wars of expansion conducted by her predecessor, [[Radama I]], in an effort to extend her realm over the entire island, and imposed strict punishments on those who were judged as having acted in opposition to her will. Due in large part to loss of life throughout the years of military campaigns, high death rates among ''fanompoana'' workers, and harsh traditions of justice under her rule, the population of Madagascar is estimated to have declined from around 5 million to 2.5 million between 1833–39, and from 750,000 to 130,000 between 1829–42 in Imerina.<ref name="Stats">{{cite journal|last=Campbell|first=Gwyn|date=October 1991|title=The state and pre-colonial demographic history: the case of nineteenth century Madagascar|journal=Journal of African History|volume=23|issue=3|pages=415–45}}</ref> These statistics have contributed to a strongly unfavorable view of Ranavalona's rule in historical accounts.<ref name="Laidler 2005">Laidler (2005)</ref>
-	|-
-	||[[Pol Pot]]
-	||{{nts|1386734}}<ref name="Bruce Sharp" />
-	||{{nts|3400000}}<ref name="Heuveline, Patrick 2001" />
-	||{{nts|2171381}}
-	||[[Democratic Kampuchea|Cambodia]]
-	||1975
-	||1979
-	|4 years
-	||Deaths due to arbitrary torture, execution, starvation, and forced labor among the population of [[Cambodia]] under the rule of [[Pol Pot]] and the [[Khmer Rouge]], including both killings of ethnic [[Khmer people|Khmer]] (the majority ethnic group) as well as a [[Cambodian genocide#Ethnic and Religious Victims|genocide of religious and ethnic minorities by the Khmer Rouge]]. Minimum death toll is the number of corpses found in the [[Killing Fields]].{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}See also: [[Cambodian genocide]]
-	|-
-	||the [[Young Turks]]
-	||{{nts|1489000}}
-	||{{nts|2810000}}
-	||{{nts|2045505}}
-	||[[Ottoman Empire]]
-	||1913
-	||1922
-	|9 years
-	||The [[Genocides in history#Ottoman/Turkey|Young Turks Holocaust]] is a collective term to refer to the various [[genocides]] and [[Ethnic cleansings]] the [[Ottoman Empire]] committed under the administration of the [[Young Turks]]. The death toll is derived from the sum of the death tolls of the [[Armenian Genocide]] (800,000 to 1,500,000), [[Assyrian Genocide]] (150,000 to 300,000), [[Greek Genocide]] (289,000 to 750,000), [[Destruction of the Thracian Bulgarians in 1913]] (50,000 to 60,000), and the [[Great Famine of Mount Lebanon]] (200,000).
-	|-
-	||[[Omar al-Bashir]]
-	||{{nts|1063000}}
-	||{{nts|2530000}}
-	||{{nts|1639936}}
-	||[[Sudan]]
-	||1989
-	||2019
-	|29 years
-	|| 1 to 2 million: [[Second Sudanese Civil War]]
-	63,000 to 530,000:<ref>{{cite web |last1=Reeves |first1=Eric |title=QUANTIFYING GENOCIDE IN DARFUR: April 28, 2006 (Part 1) |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728071750/http://www.sudanreeves.org/Article102.html |accessdate=27 April 2019}}</ref> [[Darfur genocide]]
-	|-
-	||[[Kim Il-sung]], [[Kim Jong-il]], and [[Kim Jong-un]]
-	||{{nts|710000}}
-	||{{nts|3500000}}
-	||{{nts|1576388}}
-	||[[North Korea]]
-	||1948
-	||present
-	|70 years
-	||North Korea continues to be one of the most repressive governments in the world.<ref name="mooncuddles" /> Over two-hundred thousand people are interned in concentrations camps for being political dissidents or being related to political dissidents. They are subject to slavery, torture, starvation, shootings, gassing, and human experimentation.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.CHAP10.HTM|title=Statistics Of North Korean Democide Estimates, Calculations, And Sources|last1=R.J.Rummel|website=STATISTICS OF DEMOCIDE}}</ref> See also: [[Human rights in North Korea]]
-	|-
-	||[[Suharto]]
-	||{{nts|240500}}
-	||{{nts|3418000}}+
-	||{{nts|906658}}+
-	||[[Indonesia]]
-	||1965
-	||1998
-	|33 years
-	||[[Indonesian killings of 1965–66|65/66 Politicide]]: 78,500 to 3,000,000 "communists"<br />[[Indonesian occupation of East Timor|East Timor Atrocities]]: 60,000 to 308,000 East Timorese<br />[[Papua conflict|West Papua Atrocities]]: 100,000 papuans<br />[[Petrus Killings]]: 2,000 to 10,000 suspected criminals
-	|-
-	||[[Mengistu Haile Mariam]]
-	||{{nts|225000}}<ref>de Waal, Alex. Evil Days: Thirty Years of War and Famine in Ethiopia. London: Africa Watch / Human Rights Watch, 1991., page 110.</ref>
-	||{{nts|2000000}}<ref>White 2011, pp. 455–456: "For those who prefer totals broken down by country, here are reasonable estimates for the number of people who died under Communist regimes from execution, labor camps, famine, ethnic cleansing, and desperate flight in leaky boats:
-	China: 40,000,000
-	Soviet Union: 20,000,000
-	North Korea: 3,000,000
-	Ethiopia: 2,000,000
-	Cambodia: 1,700,000
-	Vietnam: 365,000 (after 1975)
-	Yugoslavia: 175,000
-	East Germany: 100,000
-	Romania: 100,000
-	North Vietnam: 50,000 (internally, 1954–75)
-	Cuba: 50,000
-	Mongolia: 35,000
-	Poland: 30,000
-	Bulgaria: 20,000
-	Czechoslovakia: 11,000
-	Albania: 5,000
-	Hungary: 5,000
-	Rough Total: 70 million
-	(This rough total doesn't include the 20 million killed in the civil wars that brought Communists into power, or the 11 million who died in the proxy wars of the Cold War. Both sides probably share the blame for these to a certain extent. These two categories overlap somewhat, so once the duplicates are weeded out, it seems that some 26 million people died in Communist-inspired wars.)"</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|670820}}
-	||[[Ethiopia]]
-	||1977
-	||1987
-	|10 years
-	||[[1983–85 famine in Ethiopia|Manmade Famine]]: 400,000 to 1,000,000<br />[[Ethiopian Politicide|Politicide]]: 30,000 to 750,000
-	|-
-	||[[Ante Pavelić]] and [[Nikola Mandić]]
-	||{{nts|300000}}<ref name="csmonitor.com">{{cite journal|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/Opinion/2010/0402/Croatia-should-apologize-for-World-War-II-genocide-before-joining-the-EU|title=Croatia should apologize for World War II genocide before joining the EU|date=2 April 2010|journal=Christian Science Monitor}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|1088000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB9.1.GIF|title=Yugoslavian Democide: Estimates, Sources, and Calculations|last1=Rummel|first1=R.J.|website=View Line 245}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|571314}}
-	||Croatia<ref name="csmonitor.com" />
-	||1941
-	||1945
-	|4 years
-	|See also: [[Independent State of Croatia]]
-	|-
-	||[[Ho Chi Minh]] and the [[Viet Cong]]
-	||{{nts|145,225}}
-	||{{nts|1082000}}
-	||{{nts|396401}}
-	||[[Vietnam]]
-	||1954
-	||2000
-	|46 years
-	||95,000: [[Re-education camp (Vietnam)|re-education camp]]s<ref name="Statistics of Vietnamese Democide" /><br />13,500<ref name="lib.washington.edu" />–200,000:<ref name="paulbogdanor.com" /> [[Land reform in North Vietnam|land reform]]<br />36,725<ref name="Lewy" /> to 227,000:<ref name="Statistics of Vietnamese Democide" /> war crimes<br />200,000 to 560,000:<ref name="Statistics of Vietnamese Democide" /><ref name="The Associated Press of 1979" /> [[Vietnamese boat people#Pirates and other hazards|boat people]]<br />The minimum death toll is the same of minimum estimates for war crimes, re-education camps, and land reform. The maximum death toll is the combination of the maximum estimated death toll of land reform, war crimes, re-education camps and boat people, which may or may not be attributable to the regime.
-	|-
-	||[[Benito Mussolini]]
-	||{{nts|158000}}
-	||{{nts|628000}}
-	||{{nts|314998}}
-	||[[Italy]], [[Libya]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Yugoslavia]], [[Greece]]
-	||1922
-	||1945
-	||24 years
-	||
-	* 80,000<ref name="duggy">Duggan, Christopher (2007). The Force of Destiny: A History of Italy Since 1796. New York: Houghton Mifflin. p. 497.</ref> to 125,000<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/20c100k.htm#Libya|title=Twentieth Century Atlas - Death Tolls|website=necrometrics.com|access-date=2019-07-29}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}} or over 1/4 of the Cyrenaican<ref name="duggy" /> [[Pacification of Libya]]
-	*[[Ethiopia]] in which 62,000 to 485,000 [[Second Italo-Abyssinian War]]<ref name="ethi">"Twentieth Century Atlas – Death Tolls". necrometrics.com. http://necrometrics.com/index.htm#Eth35</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	* 11,000<ref>Doxiadis, Sacrifices of Greece, Claims and Reparations, no.19, p.75-77</ref> [[Italian war crimes#Greece|War crimes in Greece]]
-	* 5,000<ref>Rudolph J. Rummel. "Statistics of Democide: Genocide and Mass Murder Since 1900." LIT Verlag, 1998. Page 168.</ref> to 7,000.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1350&dat=19420904&id=TPQjAAAAIBAJ&sjid=V_8DAAAAIBAJ&pg=6550,3875812|title=Toledo Blade – Google News Archive Search|website=news.google.com}}</ref> [[Italian war crimes#Yugoslavia|War crimes in Yugoslavia]]
-	|-
-	||[[Saddam Hussein]]
-	||{{nts|250000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2004/01/25/war-iraq-not-humanitarian-intervention|title=War in Iraq: Not a Humanitarian Intervention|date=2004-01-25|work=[[Human Rights Watch]]|accessdate=2019-01-11|quote=We have no illusions about Saddam Hussein's vicious inhumanity. Having devoted extensive time and effort to documenting his atrocities, we estimate that in the last twenty-five years of Ba'th Party rule the Iraqi government murdered or 'disappeared' some quarter of a million Iraqis, if not more.}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|}}
-	||{{nts|250000}}
-	||[[Baathist Iraq]]
-	||1979
-	||2003
-	|24 years
-	|
-	Excludes casualties resulting from the [[Iran–Iraq War]] and [[Gulf War]].
-	|-
-	||[[Francisco Franco]]
-	||{{nts|195000}}
-	||{{nts|265000}}
-	||{{nts|227321}}
-	||[[Spain]], [[Austria]], and [[Russia]]
-	||1939
-	||1975
-	|36 years
-	||Diseases and starvation: 130,000 (1939–1943)<br />Repression: 30,000–100,000 (1939–1948)<br />Prison camps: 20,000 (1939–1943)<br />Spanish Maquis: 5,548 (1939–1965)<br />World War II: 5,000 ([[Mauthausen concentration camp]] in [[Austria]])<br />[[Blue Division]]: Casualties in the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Russo-German conflict]] totalled 22,700. In action against the Blue Division, the [[Red Army]] suffered 49,300 casualties.
-	{{See also|Francoist Spain}}
-	|-
-	||[[Idi Amin]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}<ref name="Ullman1978">{{cite journal|last=Ullman|first=Richard H.|date=April 1978|title=Human Rights and Economic Power: The United States Versus Idi Amin|url=http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/29141/richard-h-ullman/human-rights-and-economic-power-the-united-states-versus-idi-amvi|journal=[[Foreign Affairs]]|accessdate=26 March 2009|quote=The most conservative estimates by informed observers hold that President Idi Amin Dada and the terror squads operating under his loose direction have killed 100,000 Ugandans in the seven years he has held power.}}{{dead link|date=April 2017}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|500000}}<ref name="guardian_obit">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2003/aug/18/guardianobituaries|title=Obituary: Idi Amin|last=Keatley|first=Patrick|date=18 August 2003|work=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=18 March 2008|location=London}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|223607}}
-	||[[Uganda]]
-	|| 1971
-	|| 1979
-	|8 years
-	||[[Idi Amin]]'s rule of [[Uganda]] saw excessive and egregious human rights abuses toward ethnic minorities and political opposition, earning him the nickname "The Butcher of Uganda."
-	|-
-	||[[Josip Broz Tito]]
-	||{{nts|60000}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Dark Continent|last1=Mazower|first1=Mark|isbn=978-0-14-024159-4|page=235|year=1999}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|802000}}<ref>https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB9.1.GIF</ref>
-	||{{nts|219363}}
-	||[[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]
-	||1944
-	||1980
-	|36 years
-	|
-	|-
-	||Communist rule in Romania, various leaders
-	||{{nts|60000}}<ref name="Valentino 2005 p. 75">Valentino (2005) Final solutions Table 2 found at pg. 75.</ref>
-	||{{nts|435000}}<ref name="communistkills">{{cite web|url=http://www.scottmanning.com/content/communist-body-count|title=Communist Body Count|date=4 December 2006|publisher=scottmanning.com}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|161555}}
-	||[[Romania]]
-	||1945
-	||1989
-	|44 years
-	||Total does not take into account the [[Romanian orphans]] who perished under [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]]'s policies.
-	{{See also|Socialist Republic of Romania}}
-	|-
-	||[[FRELIMO]]
-	||{{nts|83000}}<ref name="mosq">http://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB14.1C.GIF</ref>
-	||{{nts|250000}}<ref name="mosq" />
-	||{{nts|144049}}
-	||[[People's Republic of Mozambique|Communist Mozambique]]
-	||1975
-	||1999
-	|24 years
-	||See also: [[Mozambican Civil War]]
-	|-
-	||[[Ivan the Terrible]]
-	||{{nts|60000}}<ref name="Ivan">{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/pre1700a.htm#IvanT|title=Twentieth Century Atlas – Historical Body Count|website=necrometrics.com}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|260000}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rummel |first1=Rudolph |title=Pre-20th Century Democide – Estimates, Sources, and Calculations |url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB2.1B.GIF |publisher=(Line 642+645) |accessdate=12 June 2019}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|124900}}
-	||[[Russian Empire]]
-	||1533
-	||1584
-	|51 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[Siad Barre]]
-	||{{nts|50000}}
-	||{{nts|200000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||[[Somalia]]
-	||1988
-	||1991
-	|3 years
-	||See also: [[Isaaq genocide]]
-	|-
-	||[[Bashar al-Assad]]
-	||{{nts|100000}}<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iCwRDgAAQBAJ&pg=RA1-PA81#v=onepage|title=Social Issues in Living Color: Challenges and Solutions from the Perspective of Ethnic Minority Psychology|author=Arthur W. Blume|publisher=ABC-CLIO|year=2017|isbn=9781440833373|p=81}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||{{nts|100000}}
-	||[[Syria]]
-	||2011
-	||present
-	|9 years
-	||See also: [[Syrian Civil War]]
-	|-
-	||[[Salman of Saudi Arabia|King Salman]]
-	||{{nts|85000}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/nov/21/yemen-young-children-dead-starvation-disease-save-the-children|title=Yemen: up to 85,000 young children dead from starvation|last=McKernan|first=Bethan|date=November 21, 2018|work=The Guardian|access-date=November 22, 2018}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|85000}}
-	||{{nts|85000}}
-	||[[Saudi Arabia]]
-	||2016
-	||present
-	||3 years
-	||See also: [[Famine in Yemen (2016–present)|Famine in Yemen]]
-	|-
-	||Communist rule in Bulgaria, various leaders
-	||{{nts|31000}}<ref name="Sofia 2010">Hanna Arendt Center in Sofia, with Dinyu Sharlanov and Venelin I. Ganev. Crimes Committed by the Communist Regime in Bulgaria. Country report. "Crimes of the Communist Regimes" Conference. February 24–26, 2010, Prague.</ref><ref>Шарланов, Диню. История на комунизма в Булгария: Комунизирането на Булгариия. Сиела, 2009; {{ISBN|978-954-28-0543-4}}.</ref>
-	||{{nts|220000}}<ref name="communistkills" />
-	||{{nts|81240}}
-	||[[Bulgaria]]
-	||1944
-	||1989
-	|45 years
-	||Collectivization and political repression in [[Bulgaria]].
-	{{See also|People's Republic of Bulgaria}}
-	|-
-	||[[Henry VIII]]
-	||{{nts|72,000}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barksdale |first1=Nate |title=8 Things You May Not Know About Henry VIII |url=https://www.history.com/news/8-things-you-probably-didnt-know-about-henry-viii |website=History Channel}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|72,000}}
-	||{{nts|72,000}}
-	||[[Kingdom of England|England]]
-	||1509
-	||1547
-	|38 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[Vlad III]]
-	||{{nts|43903}}<ref>{{cite book|author=Miranda Twiss|title=The most evil men and women in history|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RMZfykEKQwgC|date=1 January 2002|publisher=Barnes & Noble Books|isbn=978-0-7607-3496-4|page=71}}</ref><ref name="p. 99">Stoicescu, ''Vlad Țepeș'' p. 99</ref>
-	||{{nts|100000}}<ref>{{cite web |title=27 Bloodthirsty Facts About Vlad the Impaler |url=https://www.factinate.com/people/27-bloodthirsty-facts-vlad-impaler/ |website=Factinate|date=2017-12-05 }}</ref>
-	||{{nts|66259}}
-	||[[Wallachia]]
-	||1456
-	||1462
-	|6 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||Communist rule in Czechoslovakia, various leaders
-	||{{nts|65000}}<ref name="communistkills" />
-	||{{nts|65000}}<ref name="communistkills" />
-	||{{nts|65000}}
-	||[[Czechoslovakia]]
-	||1948
-	||1968
-	|20 years
-	||See also: [[History of Czechoslovakia (1948–89)#Stalinization|Communist repression in Czechoslovakia]]
-	|-
-	||[[Francisco Macías Nguema]]
-	||{{nts|50000}}<ref name="Pariah">{{cite news|url=http://www.dangardner.ca/Featnov605.html|title=The Pariah President: Teodoro Obiang is a brutal dictator responsible for thousands of deaths. So why is he treated like an elder statesman on the world stage?|last=Gardner|first=Dan|date=November 6, 2005|newspaper=The Ottawa Citizen|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612161320/http://www.dangardner.ca/Featnov605.html|archivedate=June 12, 2008}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|80000}}<ref name="Pariah" />
-	||{{nts|63246}}
-	||[[Equatorial Guinea]]
-	||1968
-	||1979
-	|11 years
-	||Macías Nguema is regarded as one of the most [[kleptocracy|kleptocratic]], corrupt, and dictatorial leaders in post-colonial African history. Sources vary, but he was responsible for the deaths of anywhere from 50,000 to 80,000 of the 300,000 to 400,000 people living in the country at the time.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Rafael Trujillo]]
-	||{{nts|50000}}<ref name="lalupa">{{cite web|url=http://www.lalupa.com.do/2012/10/la-matanza-de-1937/|title=La matanza de 1937 – La Lupa Sin Trabas|work=La Lupa Sin Trabas|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203001432/http://www.lalupa.com.do/2012/10/la-matanza-de-1937|archivedate=3 December 2013}}</ref><ref name="harvp">{{harvp|Capdevilla|1998}}</ref><ref name="ErPaul">{{cite journal|author=Eric Paul Roorda|year=1996|title=Genocide next door: the Good Neighbor policy, the Trujillo regime, and the Haitian massacre of 1937|journal=Diplomatic History|volume=20|issue=3|pages=301–19|doi=10.1111/j.1467-7709.1996.tb00269.x}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|50000}}<ref name="lalupa" /><ref name="harvp" /><ref name="ErPaul" />
-	||{{nts|50000}}
-	||[[Dominican Republic]]
-	||1930
-	||1938
-	|8 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[François Duvalier]]
-	||{{nts|30000}}<ref name="Greene 2001">{{citation|last=Greene|first=Anne|title=Dominican Republic and Haiti|date=2001|url=https://archive.org/details/dominicanrepubli00metz|pages=288–289|editor-last=Metz|editor-first=Helen Chapin|series=Country Studies|chapter=Haiti: Historical Setting §&nbsp;François Duvalier, 1957–71|chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/dominicanrepubli00metz#page/288|others=Research completed December 1999|edition= 3rd|location=Washington, D.C.|publisher=Federal Research Division, Library of Congress|isbn=978-0-8444-1044-9|issn=1057-5294|lccn=2001023524|oclc=46321054|quote=President Duvalier reigned supreme for fourteen years. Even in Haiti, where dictators had been the norm, François&nbsp;Duvalier gave new meaning to the term. Duvalier and his henchmen killed between 30,000 and 60,000 Haitians. The victims were not only political opponents, but women, whole families, whole towns.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;. In April 1963, when an army officer suspected of trying to kidnap two of Duvalier's children took refuge in the Dominican chancery, Duvalier ordered the Presidential&nbsp;Guard to occupy the building. The Dominicans were incensed; President [[Juan&nbsp;Bosch&nbsp;Gaviño]] ordered troops to the border and threatened to invade. However, the Dominican commanders were reluctant to enter Haiti, and Bosch was obliged to turn to the {{bracket|[[Organization of American States]]}} to settle the matter.|mode=cs1}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|60000}}<ref name="Greene 2001" />
-	||{{nts|42426}}
-	||[[Haiti]]
-	||1957
-	||1971
-	|14 years
-	|| Duvalier's rule based on a purged military, a rural militia known as the {{nowrap|[[Tonton Macoute]]}}, and the use of [[cult of personality]], resulted in the murder of 30,000 to 60,000 Haitians, and the exile of many more.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}
-	|-
-	||[[Hissène Habré]]
-	||{{nts|40000}}
-	||{{nts|40000}}
-	||{{nts|40000}}
-	||[[Chad]]
-	||1982
-	||1990
-	|8 years
-	||In May 2016, [[Hissène Habré]] was found guilty of human-rights abuses, including rape, [[sexual slavery]], and ordering the killing of 40,000 people. He was sentenced to life in prison. He is the first former head of state to be convicted for human rights abuses in the court of another nation.<ref name="the Economist">{{cite news|url=https://www.economist.com/news/middle-east-and-africa/21699871-hissene-habr-first-ex-head-state-be-convicted-another-nations|title=Chad's former president has been found guilty of crimes against humanity. Who's next?|date=1 June 2016|work=[[The Economist]]|accessdate=2 June 2016}}</ref>
-	|-
-	||Communist rule in Cuba, various leaders
-	||{{nts|9240}}<ref name="cuba">"It has so far verified the names of 9,240 victims of the Castro regime and the circumstances of their deaths. Archive researchers meticulously insist on confirming stories of official murder from two independent sources.
-	<br />[https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB113590852154334404 Cuba Archive President Maria Werlau says the total number of victims could be higher by a factor of 10."]</ref>
-	||{{nts|92400}}<ref name="cuba" />
-	||{{nts|29219}}
-	||[[Cuba]]
-	||1976
-	||present
-	|42 years
-	||Human rights in Cuba are under the scrutiny of [[Human Rights Watch]], which accuses the [[Cuba]]n government of systematic human rights abuses. This includes offenses such as [[arbitrary imprisonment]], unfair trials, and [[extrajudicial execution]].<ref name="cidh.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.cidh.org/countryrep/Cuba67sp/indice.htm|title=Information about human rights in Cuba|date=April 7, 1967|publisher=Comision Interamericana de Derechos Humanos|language=Spanish|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060614143826/http://www.cidh.org/countryrep/Cuba67sp/indice.htm|archivedate=June 14, 2006|deadurl=yes|accessdate=2006-07-09}}</ref><ref name="Castro sued over alleged torture">{{cite web|url=http://newsfromrussia.com/world/2005/11/16/67822.html|title=Castro sued over alleged torture|date=November 16, 2005|publisher=News from Russia|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060214150400/http://newsfromrussia.com/world/2005/11/16/67822.html|archive-date=February 14, 2006|dead-url=yes|accessdate=2006-07-09}}</ref> See also: [[Human rights in Cuba]]
-	|-
-	||[[Ruhollah Khomeini]] and [[Ali Khamenei|Ali Khemenei]]
-	||{{nts|10482}}
-	||{{nts|48000}}
-	||{{nts|22431}}
-	||[[Iran]]
-	||1979
-	||present
-	|39 years
-	||4,482 to 30,000 in P.O.C. massacre<br />6,000 to 18,000 child soldiers killed<br />(refer to earlier tables on page)
-	|-
-	||[[Polish People's Republic|Communist rule in Poland]], various leaders
-	||{{nts|22000}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.communistcrimes.org/en/Database/Poland/Poland-Communist-Era|title=CommunistCrimes.org – Poland: Communist Era|website=www.communistcrimes.org|access-date=2019-05-08}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|22000}}
-	||{{nts|22000}}
-	||[[Polish People's Republic|Communist Poland]]
-	||1945
-	||1989
-	|44 years
-	||See also: [[History of Poland (1945–89)#Stalinist era (1948–56)|Communist Repression in Poland]]
-	|-
-	||[[Tomás de Torquemada]]
-	||{{nts|2000}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Murphy |first1=Cullen |title=God's Jury: The Inquisition and the Making of the Modern World |isbn=978-0-618-09156-0 |page=10 |url=https://books.google.com/?id=tXywBrmhPTUC&pg=PP1&lpg=PP1&dq=god%27s+jury#v=onepage&q=2%2C000%20people&f=false |accessdate=18 June 2019|date=2012-01-17 }}</ref>
-	||{{nts|124621}}<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rummel |first1=Rudolph |title=Pre-20th Century Democide – Estimates, Sources, and Calculations |url=https://www.hawaii.edu/powerkills/SOD.TAB2.1A.GIF |website=(Line 20) |accessdate=18 June 2019}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|15787}}
-	||[[Spanish Empire]]
-	||1480
-	||1498
-	|18 years
-	||Minimum death toll only includes lowest estimate of those [[Death by burning|burned at the stake]], whereas the maximum death toll also includes those who died from [[Starvation|hunger]] and [[torture]].
-	|-
-	||Various leaders
-	||{{nts|7000}}
-	||{{nts|27000}}<ref name="communistkills" />
-	||{{nts|13748}}
-	||[[Hungary]]
-	||1948
-	||1956
-	|8 years
-	||Minimum death toll does not take into account those out of the 150,000 who perished in [[concentration camps]], and only counts the 5,000 alleged spies and 2,000 party members executed, noting that 5,000 spies came from only 98,000 out of 700,000 alleged spies.<ref name="bideleux476">{{Harvnb|Bideleux|Jeffries|2007|p=477}}</ref><ref name="crampton267">{{Harvnb|Crampton|1997|p=267}}</ref> See also: [[State Protection Authority|Communist Repression in Hungary]]
-	|-
-	||[[Enver Hoxha]]
-	||{{nts|5000}}
-	||{{nts|28000}}
-	||{{nts|11832}}
-	||[[Albania]]
-	||1941
-	||1985
-	|44 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[Ferdinand Marcos]]
-	||{{nts|3257}}<ref>Rachel A.G. Reyes, [http://www.manilatimes.net/3257-fact-checking-the-marcos-killings-1975-1985/255735 "Fact checking the Marcos killings, 1975–1985"], manilatimes.net, April 12, 2016.</ref>
-	||{{nts|80000}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.esquiremag.ph/politics/martial-law-tallies-a1576-20160924-lfrm4|title=The tallies of Martial Law}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|41629}}
-	||[[Philippines]]
-	||1965
-	||1986
-	|21 years
-	||The conservative estimate is recorded from 1975 to 1985, while the maximum estimate is recorded from 1965 to 1976. Also Includes those from the [[Moro conflict]].
-	|-
-	||[[Apartheid|South African Apartheid]], various leaders
-	||{{nts|18997}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat6.htm|title=Minor Atrocities of the Twentieth Century|last=White|first=Matthew|date=July 2005|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180520135535/http://users.erols.com/mwhite28/warstat6.htm|archive-date=2018-05-20|dead-url=yes|access-date=May 20, 2018}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|21000}}
-	||{{nts|19999}}
-	||[[South Africa]] and [[Namibia]]
-	||1948
-	||1994
-	|46 years
-	||Maximum death toll does not include deaths from the [[South African Border War]].
-	|-
-	||[[Tiberius]]
-	||{{nts|9500}}<ref name="romnec">{{cite web|url=http://necrometrics.com/romestat.htm|title=Atrocity statistics from the Roman Era|website=necrometrics.com|accessdate=August 2, 2018}}</ref><wbr />{{unreliable source?|date=January 2019}}
-	||{{nts|9500}}
-	||{{nts|9500}}
-	||[[Ancient Rome]]
-	||14
-	||37
-	|23 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[Caligula]]
-	||{{nts|9000}}<ref name="romnec" />
-	||{{nts|9000}}
-	||{{nts|9000}}
-	||[[Ancient Rome]]
-	||37
-	||41
-	|4 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[Johnny Paul Koroma]]
-	||{{nts|6000}}<ref name="romnec" />
-	||{{nts|6000}}
-	||{{nts|6000}}
-	||[[Sierra Leone]]
-	||1997
-	||1998
-	|1 year
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[Nero]]
-	||{{nts|5750}}<ref name="romnec" />
-	||{{nts|5750}}
-	||{{nts|5750}}
-	||[[Ancient Rome]]
-	||54
-	||68
-	|14 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||[[Jean-Bedel Bokassa]]
-	||{{nts|100}}<ref name="Papa in the Dock">[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,946313,00.html Papa in the Dock] ''Time'' magazine</ref>
-	||{{nts|90000}}
-	||{{nts|3000}}
-	||[[Central African Republic]]
-	||1966
-	||1976
-	|10 years
-	||It was found that Bokassa personally oversaw the massacre of 100 school children.<ref name="Papa in the Dock" />
-	|-
-	||[[Claudius]]
-	||{{nts|2935}}<ref name="romnec" />
-	||{{nts|2935}}
-	||{{nts|2935}}
-	||[[Ancient Rome]]
-	||41
-	||54
-	|13 years
-	||
-	|-
-	||Communist rule in East Germany, various leaders
-	||{{nts|327}}<ref name="thelocal.de">{{cite web|url=https://www.thelocal.de/20170608/study-gives-first-verifiable-tally-for-deaths-at-cold-war-east-german-borders-327|title=New study gives first verifiable death toll at Cold War East German borders|date=8 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170608154126/https://www.thelocal.de/20170608/study-gives-first-verifiable-tally-for-deaths-at-cold-war-east-german-borders-327|archive-date=8 June 2017|dead-url=yes|quote=The researchers meticulously combed through nearly 1,500 potential cases of deaths at the border between 1949 when the GDR was founded to 1989 when the Berlin Wall fell.}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|1500}}<ref name="thelocal.de" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk:80/news/worldnews/europe/germany/1438720/More-than-1000-died-trying-to-flee-East-Germany.html|title='More than 1,000 died' trying to flee East Germany|last=Connolly|first=Kate|date=12 August 2003|via=www.telegraph.co.uk|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120412080933/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/1438720/More-than-1000-died-trying-to-flee-East-Germany.html|archive-date=2012-04-12|dead-url=yes|access-date=2018-12-25|df=}}</ref>
-	||{{nts|929}}
-	||[[East Germany]]<ref name="thelocal.de" />
-	||1949<ref name="thelocal.de" />
-	||1989<ref name="thelocal.de" />
-	|40 years
-	||See also: [[Berlin Wall deaths]]
-	|}
	==See also==		==See also==

---

Revision as of 12:50, 24 August 2019

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This is a list of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll. It covers the name of the event, the location and the start and end of each event. Some events may belong in more than one category. In addition, some of the listed events overlap each other, and in some cases the death toll from a smaller event is included in the one for the larger event or time period of which it was part.

Contents 1 See also 1.1 Other lists organized by death toll 1.2 Other lists with similar topics 1.3 Topics dealing with similar themes

See also

Other lists organized by death toll

• List of accidents and disasters by death toll
• List of battles and other violent events by death toll
• List of events named massacres
• List of genocides by death toll
• List of murderers by number of victims
• List of natural disasters by death toll
• List of nuclear and radiation accidents by death toll
• List of ongoing conflicts
• List of disasters in Antarctica by death toll
• List of disasters in Australia by death toll
• List of disasters in Canada by death toll
• List of disasters in Croatia by death toll
• List of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland by death toll
• List of disasters in New Zealand by death toll
• List of disasters in Poland by death toll
• List of disasters in the United States by death toll
• List of wars by death toll

Other lists with similar topics

• List of unusual deaths
• List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft
• List of battles
• Lists of disasters
• Lists of earthquakes
• List of famines
• List of historic fires
• List of invasions
• List of massacres
• List of notable tropical cyclones
• List of riots
• List of terrorist incidents
• List of wars
• Lists of rail accidents

Topics dealing with similar themes

• Anti-communist mass killings
• Casualties of the Iraq War
• Decommunization
• Democide
• Famine
• Genocide
• Genocide in history
• Infectious disease
• Mass killings under Communist regimes
• Mass murder
• Most lethal battles in world history
• United States casualties of war