Les Baxter
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| '''Les Baxter''' ([[March 14]], [[1922]]–[[January 15]], [[1996]]) was an [[United States|American]] musician and composer. | '''Les Baxter''' ([[March 14]], [[1922]]–[[January 15]], [[1996]]) was an [[United States|American]] musician and composer. | ||
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| + | Baxter studied [[piano]] at the [[Detroit]] Conservatory before moving to [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]] for further studies at [[Pepperdine University|Pepperdine College]]. Abandoning a concert career as a pianist, he turned to popular music as a singer. At the age of 23 he joined [[Mel Tormé]]'s Mel-Tones, singing on [[Artie Shaw]] records such as "[[What Is This Thing Called Love?]]". | ||
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| + | Baxter then turned to arranging and conducting for [[Capitol Records]] in 1950 and was credited with the early [[Nat King Cole]] hits, "[[Mona Lisa (Nat King Cole song)|Mona Lisa]]" and "[[Too Young]]", but both were actually orchestrated by [[Nelson Riddle]].{{Fact|date=August 2008}} In later releases of the recordings the credit was corrected to Riddle.{{Fact|date=August 2008}} In 1953 he scored his first movie, the sailing [[travelogue]] ''Tanga Tika''. With his own orchestra, he released a number of hits including "Ruby" (1953), "[[Unchained Melody]]" (1955) and "[[The Poor People Of Paris]]" (1956). He also achieved success with concept albums of his own orchestral suites: ''Le Sacre Du Sauvage'', ''Festival Of The Gnomes'', ''Ports Of Pleasure'', and ''Brazil Now'', the first three for Capitol and the fourth on [[Gene Norman]]'s Crescendo label. The list of musicians on these recordings includes [[Plas Johnson]] and [[Clare Fischer]]. | ||
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| + | Baxter also wrote the "Whistle" theme from the TV show ''[[Lassie (1954 TV series)|Lassie]]''. | ||
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| + | Baxter did not restrict his activities to recording. As he once told ''Soundtrack!'' magazine, "I never turn anything down". | ||
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| + | In the 1960s, he formed the Balladeers, a besuited and conservative folk group that at one time featured a young [[David Crosby]].{{Fact|date=August 2008}} He operated in [[radio]] as musical director of ''[[The Halls of Ivy]]'' and the [[Bob Hope]] and [[Abbott and Costello]] shows. | ||
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| + | Like his counterparts [[Henry Mancini]] and [[Lalo Schifrin]], Baxter later worked for the film industries from 1960s to 70s. He worked on movie soundtracks for [[American International Pictures]] where he composed and conducted scores for [[Roger Corman]]'s [[Edgar Allan Poe]] films and other horror stories and teenage musicals, including ''[[The Pit and the Pendulum (1961 film)|The Pit and the Pendulum]]'', ''[[The Comedy of Terrors]]'', ''[[Muscle Beach Party]]'', ''[[The Dunwich Horror (film)|The Dunwich Horror]]'', and ''[[Frogs]]''. [[Howard W. Koch]] recalled that Baxter composed, orchestrated, and recorded the entire score of ''The Yellow Tomahawk'' (1954) in a total of three hours for $5,000.<ref>p.216 Weaver, Tom ''Return of the B Science Fiction and Horror Heroes'' McFarland 2000</ref> | ||
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| + | When soundtrack work reduced in the 1980s, he [[musical score|scored music]] for theme parks and [[SeaWorld]]s. In the 1990s, Baxter was widely celebrated, alongside [[Martin Denny]] and [[Arthur Lyman]] Group, as one of the progenitors of what had become known as the "[[exotica]]" movement. In his 1996 appreciation for ''[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]'' magazine, writer David Toop remembered Baxter thus: | ||
| + | :Baxter offered package tours in sound, selling tickets to sedentary tourists who wanted to stroll around some taboo emotions before lunch, view a [[Paganism|pagan]] ceremony, go wild in the sun or conjure a demon, all without leaving home [[hi-fi]] comforts in the white [[suburbs]]. | ||
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| + | Les Baxter has a motion picture star on the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] at 6314 Hollywood Blvd. | ||
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| + | == Discography == | ||
| + | '''Album, Soundtrack & Compilation''' | ||
| + | * (1947) ''Music Out of the Moon'' (composed by [[Harry Revel]]) | ||
| + | * (1948) ''Perfume Set To Music'' (composed by Harry Revel) | ||
| + | * (1949) ''Music for Peace of Mind'' | ||
| + | * (1950) [[Yma Sumac]]: ''Voice Of The Xtabay'' | ||
| + | * (1951) ''Arthur Murray Favorites: Tangos'' | ||
| + | * (1951) ''Ritual of the Savage (Le sacre du sauvage)'' | ||
| + | * (1953) ''Festival of the Gnomes'' (composed by Prince di Candriano) | ||
| + | * (1954) ''Thinking of You'' | ||
| + | * (1954) ''The Passions: Featuring Bas Sheva'' | ||
| + | * (1955) ''Arthur Murray Favorites: Modern Waltzes'' | ||
| + | * (1955) ''Kaleidoscope'' | ||
| + | * (1956) ''Tamboo!'' | ||
| + | * (1956) ''Les Baxter's La Femme'' | ||
| + | * (1956) ''Caribbean Moonlight'' | ||
| + | * (1957) ''Skins! Bongo Party with Les Baxter'' | ||
| + | * (1957) '''Round the World with Les Baxter'' | ||
| + | * (1957) ''Midnight on the Cliffs'' | ||
| + | * (1957) ''Ports of Pleasure'' | ||
| + | * (1958) ''Space Escapade'' | ||
| + | * (1958) ''Selections from Rodgers and Hammerstein's [[South Pacific (musical)|South Pacific]]'' | ||
| + | * (1958) ''Confetti'' | ||
| + | * (1958) ''Love is a Fabulous Thing'' | ||
| + | * (1959) ''African Jazz'' | ||
| + | * (1959) ''Les Baxter's Jungle Jazz'' | ||
| + | * (1959) ''Les Baxter's Wild Guitars'' | ||
| + | * (1959) ''Barbarian (Goliath and the Barbarians)'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1960) ''The Sacred Idol'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1960) ''House Of Usher / The Fall Of The House Of Usher'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1960) ''Les Baxter's Teen Drums'' | ||
| + | * (1969) ''Baxter's Best'' | ||
| + | * (1960) ''Young Pops'' | ||
| + | * (1961) ''Broadway '61'' | ||
| + | * (1961) ''Alakazam the Great'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1961) ''Jewels of the Sea'' | ||
| + | * (1961) ''Master of the World'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1961) ''Wild Hi-Fi Drums / Wild Stereo Drums'' | ||
| + | * (1962) ''Sensational!'' | ||
| + | * (1962) ''Exotica Suite'' | ||
| + | * (1962) ''Voices in Rhythm'' | ||
| + | * (1962) ''The Primitive and the Passionate'' | ||
| + | * (1962) ''The Fabulous Sounds of Les Baxter: Strings, Guitars, Voices!'' | ||
| + | * (1963) ''Les Baxter's Balladeers'' | ||
| + | * (1963) ''The Academy Award Winners'' | ||
| + | * (1963) ''The Soul of the Drums'' | ||
| + | * (1966) ''[[Dr. Goldfoot and the Girl Bombs]]'' (1966) [OST] | ||
| + | * (1966) The Forum: ''The River is Wide'' | ||
| + | * (1966) ''Brazil Now'' | ||
| + | * (1967) ''Love is Blue'' | ||
| + | * (1967) ''African Blue'' | ||
| + | * (1968) ''Moog Rock'' | ||
| + | * (1968) ''Hell's Belles'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1969) ''All the Loving Couples'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1969) ''Bora Bora'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1969) ''Bugaloo in Brazil'' | ||
| + | * (1970) ''Que Mango!'' | ||
| + | * (1970) ''Million Seller Hits'' | ||
| + | * (1970) ''Cry of the Banshee'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1971) ''Music of the Devil God Cult: Strange Sounds from Dunwich - The Dunwich Horror'' [OST] | ||
| + | * (1973) ''[[Black Sabbath (film)|Black Sabbath]]'' (1963) [OST] | ||
| + | * (1975) ''Movie Themes'' | ||
| + | * (1975) ''Hit Songs from Spain'' | ||
| + | * (1978) ''Born Again'' | ||
| + | * (1995) ''The Lost Episode of Les Baxter'' (1961) [Original Television Soundtrack] | ||
| + | * (1996) ''By Popular Request'' | ||
| + | * (1996) ''The Exotic Moods Of Les Baxter'' | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Singles''' | ||
| + | * (1952) ''[[Blue Tango]]'' | ||
| + | * (1953) ''I Love Paris'' | ||
| + | * (1953) ''[[April In Portugal]]'' | ||
| + | * (1955) ''[[Unchained Melody]]'' | ||
| + | * (1955) ''Medic'' | ||
| + | * (1955) ''[[Wake The Town And Tell The People]]'' | ||
| + | * (1956) ''Foreign Intrigue'' | ||
| + | * (1956) ''[[The Poor People Of Paris]]'' | ||
| + | * (1959) ''Dance, Everyone Dance'' | ||
| + | * (1960) ''Pepe'' | ||
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| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 18:30, 21 September 2009
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Les Baxter (March 14, 1922–January 15, 1996) was an American musician and composer.
Baxter studied piano at the Detroit Conservatory before moving to Los Angeles for further studies at Pepperdine College. Abandoning a concert career as a pianist, he turned to popular music as a singer. At the age of 23 he joined Mel Tormé's Mel-Tones, singing on Artie Shaw records such as "What Is This Thing Called Love?".
Baxter then turned to arranging and conducting for Capitol Records in 1950 and was credited with the early Nat King Cole hits, "Mona Lisa" and "Too Young", but both were actually orchestrated by Nelson Riddle.Template:Fact In later releases of the recordings the credit was corrected to Riddle.Template:Fact In 1953 he scored his first movie, the sailing travelogue Tanga Tika. With his own orchestra, he released a number of hits including "Ruby" (1953), "Unchained Melody" (1955) and "The Poor People Of Paris" (1956). He also achieved success with concept albums of his own orchestral suites: Le Sacre Du Sauvage, Festival Of The Gnomes, Ports Of Pleasure, and Brazil Now, the first three for Capitol and the fourth on Gene Norman's Crescendo label. The list of musicians on these recordings includes Plas Johnson and Clare Fischer.
Baxter also wrote the "Whistle" theme from the TV show Lassie.
Baxter did not restrict his activities to recording. As he once told Soundtrack! magazine, "I never turn anything down".
In the 1960s, he formed the Balladeers, a besuited and conservative folk group that at one time featured a young David Crosby.Template:Fact He operated in radio as musical director of The Halls of Ivy and the Bob Hope and Abbott and Costello shows.
Like his counterparts Henry Mancini and Lalo Schifrin, Baxter later worked for the film industries from 1960s to 70s. He worked on movie soundtracks for American International Pictures where he composed and conducted scores for Roger Corman's Edgar Allan Poe films and other horror stories and teenage musicals, including The Pit and the Pendulum, The Comedy of Terrors, Muscle Beach Party, The Dunwich Horror, and Frogs. Howard W. Koch recalled that Baxter composed, orchestrated, and recorded the entire score of The Yellow Tomahawk (1954) in a total of three hours for $5,000.<ref>p.216 Weaver, Tom Return of the B Science Fiction and Horror Heroes McFarland 2000</ref>
When soundtrack work reduced in the 1980s, he scored music for theme parks and SeaWorlds. In the 1990s, Baxter was widely celebrated, alongside Martin Denny and Arthur Lyman Group, as one of the progenitors of what had become known as the "exotica" movement. In his 1996 appreciation for Wired magazine, writer David Toop remembered Baxter thus:
- Baxter offered package tours in sound, selling tickets to sedentary tourists who wanted to stroll around some taboo emotions before lunch, view a pagan ceremony, go wild in the sun or conjure a demon, all without leaving home hi-fi comforts in the white suburbs.
Les Baxter has a motion picture star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6314 Hollywood Blvd.
Discography
Album, Soundtrack & Compilation
- (1947) Music Out of the Moon (composed by Harry Revel)
- (1948) Perfume Set To Music (composed by Harry Revel)
- (1949) Music for Peace of Mind
- (1950) Yma Sumac: Voice Of The Xtabay
- (1951) Arthur Murray Favorites: Tangos
- (1951) Ritual of the Savage (Le sacre du sauvage)
- (1953) Festival of the Gnomes (composed by Prince di Candriano)
- (1954) Thinking of You
- (1954) The Passions: Featuring Bas Sheva
- (1955) Arthur Murray Favorites: Modern Waltzes
- (1955) Kaleidoscope
- (1956) Tamboo!
- (1956) Les Baxter's La Femme
- (1956) Caribbean Moonlight
- (1957) Skins! Bongo Party with Les Baxter
- (1957) 'Round the World with Les Baxter
- (1957) Midnight on the Cliffs
- (1957) Ports of Pleasure
- (1958) Space Escapade
- (1958) Selections from Rodgers and Hammerstein's South Pacific
- (1958) Confetti
- (1958) Love is a Fabulous Thing
- (1959) African Jazz
- (1959) Les Baxter's Jungle Jazz
- (1959) Les Baxter's Wild Guitars
- (1959) Barbarian (Goliath and the Barbarians) [OST]
- (1960) The Sacred Idol [OST]
- (1960) House Of Usher / The Fall Of The House Of Usher [OST]
- (1960) Les Baxter's Teen Drums
- (1969) Baxter's Best
- (1960) Young Pops
- (1961) Broadway '61
- (1961) Alakazam the Great [OST]
- (1961) Jewels of the Sea
- (1961) Master of the World [OST]
- (1961) Wild Hi-Fi Drums / Wild Stereo Drums
- (1962) Sensational!
- (1962) Exotica Suite
- (1962) Voices in Rhythm
- (1962) The Primitive and the Passionate
- (1962) The Fabulous Sounds of Les Baxter: Strings, Guitars, Voices!
- (1963) Les Baxter's Balladeers
- (1963) The Academy Award Winners
- (1963) The Soul of the Drums
- (1966) Dr. Goldfoot and the Girl Bombs (1966) [OST]
- (1966) The Forum: The River is Wide
- (1966) Brazil Now
- (1967) Love is Blue
- (1967) African Blue
- (1968) Moog Rock
- (1968) Hell's Belles [OST]
- (1969) All the Loving Couples [OST]
- (1969) Bora Bora [OST]
- (1969) Bugaloo in Brazil
- (1970) Que Mango!
- (1970) Million Seller Hits
- (1970) Cry of the Banshee [OST]
- (1971) Music of the Devil God Cult: Strange Sounds from Dunwich - The Dunwich Horror [OST]
- (1973) Black Sabbath (1963) [OST]
- (1975) Movie Themes
- (1975) Hit Songs from Spain
- (1978) Born Again
- (1995) The Lost Episode of Les Baxter (1961) [Original Television Soundtrack]
- (1996) By Popular Request
- (1996) The Exotic Moods Of Les Baxter
Singles
- (1952) Blue Tango
- (1953) I Love Paris
- (1953) April In Portugal
- (1955) Unchained Melody
- (1955) Medic
- (1955) Wake The Town And Tell The People
- (1956) Foreign Intrigue
- (1956) The Poor People Of Paris
- (1959) Dance, Everyone Dance
- (1960) Pepe
