Khmer Rouge
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| - | '''Revolutionary terror''' refers to the institutionalized application of force to the [[counterrevolutionaries]], particularly [[Reign of Terror|during]] the French Revolution from the years 1793 to 1794. The term has also been used to describe the [[Red Terror]] in [[Soviet Russia]], the reign of the [[Khmer Rouge]], and others. | ||
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| - | ==Revolutionary terror and Marxism== | ||
| - | [[Edvard Radzinsky]] in his biography of [[Joseph Stalin]] noted that Stalin wrote a ''[[nota bene]]'' — "Terror is the quickest way to new society" — beside the following passage in a book by [[Karl Marx]]: "There is only one way to shorten and ease the convulsions of the old society and the bloody birth pangs of the new – revolutionary terror". Marx also believed that "The present generation resembles the Jews whom Moses led through the wilderness. It must not only conquer a new world, it must also ''perish'' in order to make a room for the people who are fit for a new world." | ||
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| - | [[Lenin]], [[Lev Trotsky]] and other leading [[Bolshevik]] ideologists recognized mass terror as a necessary weapon during the [[dictatorship of proletariat]] and the resulting [[class struggle]]. In his book "''Defence of Terrorism''" Trotsky emphasized that "...the historical tenacity of the bougeoisie is colossal... We are forced to tear off this class and chop it away. The [[Red Terror]] is a weapon used against a class that, despite being doomed to destruction, does not want to perish." On the other hand, they opposed to ''individual terror'', which has been used earlied by [[Narodnaya Volya (organization)|Russian "People's Will]] organization. According to Trotsky, "The damaging of machines by workers, for example, is terrorism in this strict sense of the word. The killing of an employer, a threat to [[Arson|set fire to a factory]] or a death threat to its owner, an [[assassination attempt]], with revolver in hand, against a government minister—all these are terrorist acts in the full and authentic sense. However, anyone who has an idea of the true nature of international [[Social Democracy]] ought to know that it has always opposed ''this kind'' of terrorism and does so in the most irreconcilable way." | ||
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| - | Many later Marxists, in particular [[Karl Kautsky]], criticized [[Bolshevik]] leaders for terrorism tactics. He stated that "among the phenomena for which Bolshevism has been responsible, [[Terrorism]], which begins with the abolition of every form of freedom of the Press, and ends in a system of wholesale [[execution]], is certainly the most striking and the most repellent of all". Kautsky recognized that [[Red Terror]] represented a variety of [[terrorism]] because it was indiscriminate, intended to frighten the civilian population, and included taking and executing [[hostages]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} | ||
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| - | ==See also== | ||
| - | *[[Direct action]] | ||
| - | *[[Propaganda of the deed]] | ||
| - | *[[Revolutionary Tribunal (disambiguation)]] | ||
| + | # A [[Cambodian]] [[communist]] [[guerrilla]] [[force]] active from the 1970s to the 1990s under the [[leadership]] of [[Pol Pot]]. | ||
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Revision as of 19:12, 5 July 2010
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- A Cambodian communist guerrilla force active from the 1970s to the 1990s under the leadership of Pol Pot.
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