James McNeill Whistler  

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Whistler is best known for the nearly [[monochromatic]] full-length figure titled ''Arrangement in Gray and Black: Portrait of the Artist's Mother'', but usually referred to as ''[[Whistler's Mother]]''. The painting was later purchased by the French government. Though American, Whistler lived and worked mainly in Britain and France. Whistler is best known for the nearly [[monochromatic]] full-length figure titled ''Arrangement in Gray and Black: Portrait of the Artist's Mother'', but usually referred to as ''[[Whistler's Mother]]''. The painting was later purchased by the French government. Though American, Whistler lived and worked mainly in Britain and France.
-Whistler's painting ''[[The White Girl]]'' ([[1862]]) caused controversy when exhibited in London and, later, at the ''[[Salon des Refusés]]'' in Paris. The painting epitomizes his theory that art should essentially be concerned with the beautiful arrangement of colors in harmony, not with the accurate portrayal of the natural world.+Whistler's painting ''[[The White Girl]]'' ([[1862]]) caused controversy when exhibited in London and, later, at the ''[[Salon des Refusés]]'' in Paris. The painting epitomizes his theory that art should essentially be concerned with the beautiful arrangement of colors in harmony, not with the [[realism|accurate portrayal of the natural world]].
===Ruskin trial=== ===Ruskin trial===
In [[1878]] Whistler sued the critic [[John Ruskin]] for libel after the critic condemned his painting ''[[Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket]]''. Whistler won the case but the trial [[bankrupt]]ed him. In [[1878]] Whistler sued the critic [[John Ruskin]] for libel after the critic condemned his painting ''[[Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket]]''. Whistler won the case but the trial [[bankrupt]]ed him.
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James Abbott McNeill Whistler (July 11, 1834July 17, 1903) was an American-born, British-based painter and etcher. Averse to sentimentality in painting, he was a leading proponent of the credo "art for art's sake". He took to signing his paintings with a stylized butterfly, possessing a long stinger for a tail. The symbol was apt, for Whistler's art was characterized by a subtle delicacy, in contrast to his combative public persona.

Career and controversy

Whistler is best known for the nearly monochromatic full-length figure titled Arrangement in Gray and Black: Portrait of the Artist's Mother, but usually referred to as Whistler's Mother. The painting was later purchased by the French government. Though American, Whistler lived and worked mainly in Britain and France.

Whistler's painting The White Girl (1862) caused controversy when exhibited in London and, later, at the Salon des Refusés in Paris. The painting epitomizes his theory that art should essentially be concerned with the beautiful arrangement of colors in harmony, not with the accurate portrayal of the natural world.

Ruskin trial

In 1878 Whistler sued the critic John Ruskin for libel after the critic condemned his painting Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket. Whistler won the case but the trial bankrupted him.



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