Invention
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| - | [[Image:Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat, 1895.jpg|thumb|right|200px| | + | [[Image:View from the Window at Le Gras.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''[[View from the Window at Le Gras]]'' is one of [[Nicéphore Niépce]]'s earliest surviving photographs, circa [[1826]].]] |
| - | '''''L'arrivée d'un train en gare de La Ciotat''''' ('''''The Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat Station''''' is an [[1895 in film|1895]] [[France|French]] [[Short subject|short]] [[black-and-white]] [[silent film|silent]] [[documentary film]] directed and produced by [[Auguste and Louis Lumière]]. It was first screened on [[December 28]] [[1895]] in [[Paris]], [[France]], and was shown to a paying audience [[January 6]] [[1896]].]] | + | [[Image:Train wreck at Montparnasse 1895.jpg|thumb|right|200px| |
| + | An example of the [[integral accident]]. | ||
| + | <br>Illustration: ''[[Train wreck at Montparnasse]]'' ([[October 22]], [[1895]]) by Studio Lévy and Sons]] | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| An '''invention''' is a new composition, [[device]], or process. An invention may be derived from a pre-existing model or [[idea]], or it could be independently conceived in which case it may be a radical breakthrough. In addition, there is '''[[cultural invention]]''', which is an [[innovative]] set of useful [[social behavior]]s adopted by people and passed on to others. Inventions often extend the boundaries of human knowledge or experience. An invention that is [[novelty (patent)|novel]] and [[inventive step and non-obviousness|not obvious]] to [[person skilled in the art|others skilled in the same field]] may be able to obtain the legal protection of a [[patent]]. | An '''invention''' is a new composition, [[device]], or process. An invention may be derived from a pre-existing model or [[idea]], or it could be independently conceived in which case it may be a radical breakthrough. In addition, there is '''[[cultural invention]]''', which is an [[innovative]] set of useful [[social behavior]]s adopted by people and passed on to others. Inventions often extend the boundaries of human knowledge or experience. An invention that is [[novelty (patent)|novel]] and [[inventive step and non-obviousness|not obvious]] to [[person skilled in the art|others skilled in the same field]] may be able to obtain the legal protection of a [[patent]]. | ||
| ==Downside of inventions== | ==Downside of inventions== | ||
| + | :''[[integral accident]]'' | ||
| As [[Paul Virilio]] has noted, every new [[invention]] has a downside which we are unwilling to acknowledge in the name of [[progress]]: the invention of automobiles inaugurated car-[[crash]]es; the invention of nuclear energy, [[Hiroshima]] and [[Tchernobyl]]. The technologies of [[instant communication]]s have invented [[pure war]]. | As [[Paul Virilio]] has noted, every new [[invention]] has a downside which we are unwilling to acknowledge in the name of [[progress]]: the invention of automobiles inaugurated car-[[crash]]es; the invention of nuclear energy, [[Hiroshima]] and [[Tchernobyl]]. The technologies of [[instant communication]]s have invented [[pure war]]. | ||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
| <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> | <div style="-moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> | ||
| - | * [[List of Australian inventions]] | ||
| - | * [[Bayh-Dole Act]] | ||
| - | * [[Chindōgu]] | ||
| * [[Creativity]] | * [[Creativity]] | ||
| * [[Creativity techniques]] | * [[Creativity techniques]] | ||
| * [[Diffusion of innovations]] | * [[Diffusion of innovations]] | ||
| - | * [[Directive on the patentability of biotechnological inventions|EU Directive on the patentability of biotechnological inventions]] | ||
| - | * [[Directive on the patentability of computer-implemented inventions|EU Directive on the patentability of computer-implemented inventions]] ''(proposed, then rejected)'' | ||
| * [[Discovery (observation)|Discovery]] | * [[Discovery (observation)|Discovery]] | ||
| - | * [[Edisonian approach]] | + | * [[List of inventors killed by their own inventions]] |
| - | * ''[[The Illustrated Science and Invention Encyclopedia]]'' | + | |
| - | * [[Independent inventor]] | + | |
| - | * [[International Innovation Index]] | + | |
| - | * [[Invention promotion firm]] | + | |
| - | * [[Inventive step and non-obviousness]] ([[patentability]] requirements) | + | |
| - | * [[Inventor's Day]] | + | |
| - | * [[Islamic inventions]] | + | |
| - | * [[Kranzberg's laws of technology]] | + | |
| - | * [[Lemelson-MIT Prize]] | + | |
| - | * [[List of Chinese inventions]] | + | |
| - | * [[List of Russian inventors]] | + | |
| - | * [[Timeline of Russian inventions]] | + | |
| - | * [[English inventions and discoveries]] | + | |
| - | * [[List of Indian inventions]] | + | |
| - | * [[List of United States inventions]] | + | |
| - | * [[List of inventions named after people]] | + | |
| - | * [[List of inventors]] | + | |
| - | * [[List of prolific inventors]] | + | |
| * [[Mad scientist]] | * [[Mad scientist]] | ||
| * [[Mind's eye]] | * [[Mind's eye]] | ||
| * [[Multiple discovery]] | * [[Multiple discovery]] | ||
| - | * [[National Inventors Hall of Fame]] | ||
| * [[Technology]] | * [[Technology]] | ||
| * [[The heroic theory of invention and scientific development]] | * [[The heroic theory of invention and scientific development]] | ||
| * [[Timeline of historic inventions]], for a detailed list of inventions, listed by date of invention | * [[Timeline of historic inventions]], for a detailed list of inventions, listed by date of invention | ||
| - | * [[TRIZ]] approach | ||
| </div> | </div> | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 23:11, 18 December 2014
Illustration: Train wreck at Montparnasse (October 22, 1895) by Studio Lévy and Sons
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An invention is a new composition, device, or process. An invention may be derived from a pre-existing model or idea, or it could be independently conceived in which case it may be a radical breakthrough. In addition, there is cultural invention, which is an innovative set of useful social behaviors adopted by people and passed on to others. Inventions often extend the boundaries of human knowledge or experience. An invention that is novel and not obvious to others skilled in the same field may be able to obtain the legal protection of a patent.
Downside of inventions
As Paul Virilio has noted, every new invention has a downside which we are unwilling to acknowledge in the name of progress: the invention of automobiles inaugurated car-crashes; the invention of nuclear energy, Hiroshima and Tchernobyl. The technologies of instant communications have invented pure war.
See also
- Creativity
- Creativity techniques
- Diffusion of innovations
- Discovery
- List of inventors killed by their own inventions
- Mad scientist
- Mind's eye
- Multiple discovery
- Technology
- The heroic theory of invention and scientific development
- Timeline of historic inventions, for a detailed list of inventions, listed by date of invention
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Invention" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
