Hindu philosophy
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| - | '''Hindu philosophy''' is divided into six [[nastika]] ("orthodox") schools of thought, or ''darshanas'' (literally, "views"), which accept the [[Vedas]] as supreme revealed scriptures. The other three [[nastika|''{{IAST|nāstika}}'']] ("heterodox") schools, which do not accept the Vedas as supreme do not form part of Hindu philosophy. The {{IAST|āstika}} schools are: | + | '''Hindu philosophy''' is divided into six [[nastika]] ("orthodox") schools of thought, or ''darshanas'' (literally, "views"), which accept the [[Vedas]] as supreme revealed scriptures. The other three [[nastika]] ("heterodox") schools, which do not accept the Vedas as supreme do not form part of Hindu philosophy. |
| - | #[[Sankhya]], a strongly [[dualist]] theoretical exposition of mind and matter. | + | ==See also== |
| - | #[[Raja Yoga|Yoga]], a school emphasizing [[meditation]] closely based on Sankhya | + | *[[Āstika and nāstika]] |
| - | #[[Nyaya]] or [[Indian logics|logics]] | + | *[[Buddhism and Hinduism]] |
| - | #[[Vaisheshika]], an [[empiricist]] school of [[atomism]] | + | *[[Buddhist philosophy]] |
| - | #[[Mimamsa]], an anti-ascetic and anti-mysticist school of [[orthopraxy]] | + | *[[Hindu idealism]] |
| - | #[[Vedanta]], opposing Vedic ritualism in favour of [[mysticism]]. Vedanta came to be the dominant current of [[Hinduism]] in the post-medieval period. | + | *[[Indian philosophy]] |
| - | The {{IAST|nāstika}} schools are: | + | *[[Kashmir Shaivism]] |
| - | #[[Buddhism]] | + | *[[Metaphilosophy]] |
| - | #[[Jainism]] | + | |
| - | #[[Cārvāka]], a [[skeptical]] [[materialist]] school, which died out in the 15th century and whose primary texts have been lost. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | In [[History of Hinduism|Hindu history]], the distinction of these six schools was current in the [[Gupta period]] "golden age" of Hinduism. With the disappearance of Vaishshika and Mimamsa, it was obsolete by the later Middle Ages, when the various sub-schools of Vedanta ([[Dvaita]] "dualism", [[Advaita]] "non-dualism" and others) began to rise to prominence as the main divisions of religious philosophy. Nyaya survived into the 17th century as ''Navya Nyaya'' "Neo-Nyaya", while Sankhya gradually lost its status as an independent school, its tenets absorbed into Yoga and Vedanta. | + | |
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Hindu philosophy is divided into six nastika ("orthodox") schools of thought, or darshanas (literally, "views"), which accept the Vedas as supreme revealed scriptures. The other three nastika ("heterodox") schools, which do not accept the Vedas as supreme do not form part of Hindu philosophy.
See also
- Āstika and nāstika
- Buddhism and Hinduism
- Buddhist philosophy
- Hindu idealism
- Indian philosophy
- Kashmir Shaivism
- Metaphilosophy
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