Hesse
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| - | '''Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen''' ([[1621]] – [[August 17]], [[1676]]) was a [[German author]] best known for his novel ''[[Simplicius Simplicissimus]]''. | + | # A [[former]] [[realm]] and [[modern]] [[state]] of [[Germany]]. |
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| - | Grimmelshausen was born at [[Gelnhausen]]. At the age of ten he was kidnapped by [[Hesse|Hessian]] soldiery, and in their midst tasted the adventures of military life in the [[Thirty Years' War]]. At its close, Grimmelshausen entered the service of Franz Egon von Fürstenberg, [[bishop]] in [[Straßburg]] and in [[1665]] was made ''Schultheiss'' (magistrate) at [[Renchen]] in [[Baden Germany|Baden]]. | + | |
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| - | On obtaining this appointment, he devoted himself to literary pursuits, and in [[1668]] published ''[[Der abenteuerliche Simplicissimus]] Teutsch, d.h. die Beschreibung des Lebens eines seltsamen Vaganten, genannt Melchior Sternfels von Fuchsheim'', the greatest German novel of the [[17th century]]. For this work he took as his model the [[picaresque]] romances of Spain, already to some extent known in Germany. ''Simplicissimus'' is in great measure its author's [[autobiography]]; he begins with the childhood of his hero, and describes the latter's adventures amid the stirring scenes of the [[Thirty Years' War]]. The rustic detail with which these pictures are presented makes the book one of the most valuable documents of its time. In the later parts Grimmelshausen, however, over-indulges in allegory, and finally loses himself in a [[Robinson Crusoe]] story. | + | |
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| - | Among his other works the most important are the so-called ''Simplicianische Schriften'': | + | |
| - | *''Die Ertzbetrügerin and Landstörtzerin Courasche'' ([[1669]]) | + | |
| - | *''Der seitsame Springinsfeld'' ([[1670]]) | + | |
| - | *''Das wunderbarliche Vogelnest'' ([[1672]]) | + | |
| - | His satires, such as ''Der teutsche Michel'' ([[1670]]), and gallant novels, like ''Dietwald und Amelinde'' ([[1670]]) are of inferior interest. He died at Renchen on [[August 17]], [[1676]], where a monument was erected to him in [[1779]]. | + | |
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| - | Grimmelshausen's "Landstörtzerin Courasche" became an important inspiration for [[Bertolt Brecht]]´s play "[[Mutter Courage]]". | + | |
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| - | ==References== | + | |
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| - | Editions of ''Simplicissimus'' and the ''Simpliclanische Schriften'' have been published by | + | |
| - | *[[A. von Keller]] ([[1854]]) | + | |
| - | *[[Hermann Kurz]] ([[1863]], [[1864]]) | + | |
| - | *[[Julius Tittmann]] ([[1877]]) | + | |
| - | *[[Felix Bobertag]]([[1882]]). | + | |
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| - | A reprint of the first edition of the novel was edited by [[R. Kügel]] for the series of ''Weudrucke des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts'' ([[1880]]). See the introductions to these editions; also | + | |
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| - | *[[F. Antoine]], ''Etude sur le Simplicissimus de Grimmelshausen'' ([[1882]]) | + | |
| - | *[[Erich Schmidt]], ''Charakteristiken'', vol. i. ([[1886]]). | + | |
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