Independent scientist
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| - | '''Robert Boyle''' ([[January 25]], [[1627]] - [[December 30]] [[1691]]) was an Irish [[natural philosopher]], chemist, physicist, inventor, and early [[gentleman scientist]], noted for his work in [[physics]] and [[chemistry]]. He is best known for the formulation of [[Boyle's law]]. Although his research and personal philosophy clearly has its roots in the alchemical tradition, he is largely regarded today as the first modern chemist, and therefore one of the founders of modern chemistry. Among his works, ''[[The Sceptical Chymist]]'' is seen as a cornerstone book in the field of chemistry. | + | A '''gentleman scientist''' is a [[private income|financially independent]] [[scientist]] who pursues [[science|scientific study]] without direct affiliation to a public institution such as a university or government-run [[research and development]] body. The expression arose in post-Renaissance Europe but became less common in the 20th century as government and private funding increased. |
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| + | Most gentleman scientists have at some point in their career been affiliated with some academic institution, such as Charles Darwin who was affiliated with the [[Geological Society of London]]. | ||
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| + | == See also == | ||
| + | * [[Citizen science]] | ||
| + | * [[:Category:Gentleman scientists|Category:Gentleman scientists]] | ||
| + | * [[Small Science]] and [[Big Science]] | ||
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| + | === Notable gentleman scientists === | ||
| + | {{div col|colwidth=30em}} | ||
| + | * [[Alfred Lee Loomis]] | ||
| + | * [[Antoine Lavoisier]] | ||
| + | * [[Benjamin Franklin]] | ||
| + | * [[Charles Darwin]] | ||
| + | * [[David Rittenhouse]] | ||
| + | * [[Henry Cavendish]] | ||
| + | * [[Henry Fox Talbot]] | ||
| + | * [[George Frederick Kunz]] | ||
| + | * [[Goldsworthy Gurney]] | ||
| + | * [[James Lovelock]] | ||
| + | * [[Robert Boyle]] | ||
| + | * [[Christopher J. Date]] | ||
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Revision as of 09:34, 10 May 2013
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A gentleman scientist is a financially independent scientist who pursues scientific study without direct affiliation to a public institution such as a university or government-run research and development body. The expression arose in post-Renaissance Europe but became less common in the 20th century as government and private funding increased.
Most gentleman scientists have at some point in their career been affiliated with some academic institution, such as Charles Darwin who was affiliated with the Geological Society of London.
See also
Notable gentleman scientists
- Alfred Lee Loomis
- Antoine Lavoisier
- Benjamin Franklin
- Charles Darwin
- David Rittenhouse
- Henry Cavendish
- Henry Fox Talbot
- George Frederick Kunz
- Goldsworthy Gurney
- James Lovelock
- Robert Boyle
- Christopher J. Date
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Gentleman scientist" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
