Gas
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| + | [[Image:Mona Lisa Smoking a Pipe.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[Mona Lisa Smoking a Pipe]]'' (1883) by [[Eugène Bataille]]]] | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | ===Etymology 1=== | ||
| - | From Dutch ''gas'', a word coined by chemist Van Helmont. Perhaps inspired by Dutch & Flemish ''gheest'' "breath, vapour, spirit" or from Greek ''khaos''. More at [[ghost]], [[ghastly]] | ||
| - | ====Noun==== | + | '''Gas''' is one of [[State of matter#The Four Fundamental States|the four fundamental states of matter]] (the others being [[solid]], [[liquid]], and [[Plasma (physics)|plasma]]). A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a [[noble gas]] or atomic gas like [[neon]]), [[chemical element|elemental]] molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. [[oxygen]]), or [[chemical compound|compound]] molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. [[carbon dioxide]]). A gas [[mixture]] would contain a variety of pure gases much like the [[Earth's Atmosphere|air]]. What distinguishes a gas from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation usually makes a colorless gas invisible to the human observer. The interaction of gas particles in the presence of electric and [[gravitational fields]] are considered negligible as indicated by the constant velocity vectors in the image. |
| + | ==Etymology== | ||
| + | From Dutch ''gas'', a word coined by chemist [[Van Helmont]]. Perhaps inspired by Dutch & Flemish ''gheest'' "breath, vapour, spirit" or from Greek ''khaos''. More at [[ghost]], [[ghastly]] | ||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | *[[Air]] | ||
| + | *[[Atmosphere]] | ||
| + | *[[Liquid]] | ||
| + | *[[Solid]] | ||
| + | *[[Vapor]] | ||
| + | *[[Plasma (physics)]] | ||
| + | *[[Argon]] | ||
| + | *[[Carbon Dioxide]] | ||
| + | *[[Chlorine]] | ||
| + | *[[Natural Gas]] | ||
| + | *[[Nitrogen]] | ||
| + | *[[Oxygen]] | ||
| + | *[[Industrial gas]] | ||
| + | *[[Volcanic gas]] | ||
| + | *[[Air conditioning]] | ||
| + | *[[Bellows]] | ||
| + | *[[Breath]] | ||
| + | *[[Clouds]] | ||
| + | *[[Kites]] | ||
| + | *[[Lift (soaring)]] | ||
| + | *[[Lightning]] | ||
| + | *[[Lung]] | ||
| + | *[[Odor]] | ||
| + | *[[Parachute]] | ||
| + | *[[Sailing]] | ||
| + | *[[Troposphere]] | ||
| + | *[[Turbines]] | ||
| + | *[[Weather]] | ||
| + | *[[Wind]] | ||
| + | *[[Wind mill]] | ||
| + | *[[Wind turbine]] | ||
| + | *[[Henry Cavendish#Gases and the atmosphere|Cavendish, Henry]] | ||
| + | *[[Antoine Lavoisier#Contributions to chemistry|Lavoisier, Antoine]] | ||
| + | *[[Joseph Priestley#Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air|Priestley, Joseph]] | ||
| + | *[[William Ramsay#Biography|Ramsay, William]] | ||
| + | *[[List of plasma (physics) articles]] | ||
| + | *[[Cooking]] | ||
| + | *[[Electrolysis]] | ||
| + | *[[Flame tests]] | ||
| + | *[[Lighting]] | ||
| + | *[[Mixmaster dynamics]] | ||
| + | *[[Petroleum]] | ||
| + | *[[Thoracic diaphragm]] | ||
| - | # Matter in a state intermediate between [[liquid]] and [[plasma]] that can be contained only if it is fully surrounded by a [[solid]] (or held together by gravitational pull); it can [[condense]] into a liquid, or can (rarely) become a [[solid]] directly. | ||
| - | #: ''A lot of '''gas''' had escaped from the cylinder'' | ||
| - | # A chemical element or compound in such a state. | ||
| - | #: ''The atmosphere is made up of a number of different '''gases''''' | ||
| - | # An inflammable gaseous hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon mixture (typically predominantly methane) used as a fuel, e.g. for cooking, heating or electricity generation. | ||
| - | #: '''''Gas'''-fired power stations have largely replaced coal-burning ones.'' | ||
| - | # Methane or other waste gases trapped in one's belly as a result of the digestive process. | ||
| - | #: ''My tummy hurts so bad, I have '''gas'''.'' | ||
| - | # A humorous event or person. | ||
| - | #: ''He is such a '''gas'''!'' | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 16:16, 18 October 2013
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Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma). A pure gas may be made up of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas or atomic gas like neon), elemental molecules made from one type of atom (e.g. oxygen), or compound molecules made from a variety of atoms (e.g. carbon dioxide). A gas mixture would contain a variety of pure gases much like the air. What distinguishes a gas from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation usually makes a colorless gas invisible to the human observer. The interaction of gas particles in the presence of electric and gravitational fields are considered negligible as indicated by the constant velocity vectors in the image.
Etymology
From Dutch gas, a word coined by chemist Van Helmont. Perhaps inspired by Dutch & Flemish gheest "breath, vapour, spirit" or from Greek khaos. More at ghost, ghastly
See also
- Air
- Atmosphere
- Liquid
- Solid
- Vapor
- Plasma (physics)
- Argon
- Carbon Dioxide
- Chlorine
- Natural Gas
- Nitrogen
- Oxygen
- Industrial gas
- Volcanic gas
- Air conditioning
- Bellows
- Breath
- Clouds
- Kites
- Lift (soaring)
- Lightning
- Lung
- Odor
- Parachute
- Sailing
- Troposphere
- Turbines
- Weather
- Wind
- Wind mill
- Wind turbine
- Cavendish, Henry
- Lavoisier, Antoine
- Priestley, Joseph
- Ramsay, William
- List of plasma (physics) articles
- Cooking
- Electrolysis
- Flame tests
- Lighting
- Mixmaster dynamics
- Petroleum
- Thoracic diaphragm
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Gas" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
