French Romantic painting
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| + | [[Image:The Raft of the Medusa (1818-19, Le Radeau de la Méduse) is a painting by the French painter Théodore Géricault.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[The Raft of the Medusa]]'' (1818-19) by [[Théodore Géricault]]]] | ||
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French Romantic painting was epitomized by Eugène Delacroix (Raft of the Medusa, 1819) and Death of Sardanapalus, 1827).
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Background
The French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars brought great changes to the arts in France. The program of exaltation and mythification of the Emperor Napoleon I of France was closely coordinated in the paintings of Gros and Guérin.
Meanwhile, Orientalism, Egyptian motifs, the tragic anti-hero, the sublime and the wild landscape, the historical novel and scenes from the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, all these elements of Romanticism created a vibrant period that defies easy classification.
One also finds in the early period of the 19th century a repeat of the debate carried on in the 17th between the supporters of Rubens and Poussin: there are defenders of the "line" as found in Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres, and the violent colors and curves as found in Eugène Delacroix. The comparison is however somewhat false, for Ingres' intense realism sometimes gives way to amazing voluptuousness in his Turkish bath scenes.
Shift towards Naturalism and Symbolism
The Romantic tendencies continued throughout the century: both idealized landscape painting and Naturalism have their seeds in Romanticism: both Gustave Courbet and the Barbizon school are logical developments, as is too the late 19th century Symbolism of such painters at Gustave Moreau (the professor of Matisse and Rouault) or Odilon Redon.
Key figures
- Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863)
- Auguste-Barthélemy Glaize
- Eugène Devéria
- Pierre-Paul Prud'hon
- Théodore Chassériau
- Frederick Antal
Romanticism
- Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson (1767-1824)
- Antoine-Jean Gros (1771-1835)
- Pierre Narcisse Guérin (1771-1833)
- Théodore Géricault (1791-1824)
- Jean-Baptiste Camille Corot (1796-1875)
- Eugène Delacroix (1798-1863)
- Théodore Rousseau (1812-1867)
- Jean-François Millet (1814-1875)
- Théodore Chassériau (1819-1856)
- Gustave Doré (1832-1883)
See also
- French art of the 19th century
- See also French Revolution, Napoleon I of France, Victor Hugo, orientalism.
