François Fontan
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| - | {{Template}}'''Ben Vautier''' (born on [[July 18]] [[1935]] in [[Naples]], [[Italy]]), also known simply as '''Ben''', is a [[France|French]] artist. | + | {{Template}} |
| + | '''François Fontan''' (7 February 1929 – 19 December 1979) was a French politician. He was born into a family which came from [[Gascony]] (region of [[Bordeaux]]). Raised in a [[monarchic]] family, he first joined a political party : the [[Mouvement Socialiste Monarchique]] when he was about 15, but he quickly gave up monarchism and became closer to [[anarchism]], and, then, to [[communists]], but he got fed up with their [[stalinism]]. | ||
| + | He moved to [[Nice]] and created the [[Partit de la Nacion Occitana|Occitan Nationalist Party]] there. | ||
| + | From 1962, Fontan often met professor [[Guy Héraud]] and developed the first clarification of the linguistic border between [[Occitan]] and [[Piemontais]]. | ||
| + | He died in [[Cuneo]]. | ||
| - | He lives and works in [[Nice]], where he ran a record shop when he was young. He discovered [[Yves Klein]] and the [[Nouveau Réalisme]] in the [[1950s]], but he became quickly interested in the French [[dada]] artist [[Marcel Duchamp]], the music of [[John Cage]] and all the [[Fluxus]] artistic movement in the [[1960s]]. | + | He argues that states must create new borders, uniting each separate people within one country. In Africa especially, borders were created by [[Europe]]an administrators and are not related to the various peoples. |
| - | He is also active in [[Mail-Art]] and is mostly known for his text-based paintings; an example of the latter is his work "L'art est inutile. Rentrez chez vous" (Art is Useless, Go Home). | + | Creating new ethno-linguistic borders could avoid new massacres such as the one in [[Rwanda]] in 1994 between [[Tutsis]] and [[Hutus]]. |
| - | He has long defended the rights of minorities in all countries, and he has been influenced by the theories of [[François Fontan]] about ethnism. For example, he has defended the [[Occitan language]] (south of France), which is on the verge of extinction because speakers are shifting to French. | + | He wrote some books, explaining his ideas. ''Ethnisme'' is the most known. |
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François Fontan (7 February 1929 – 19 December 1979) was a French politician. He was born into a family which came from Gascony (region of Bordeaux). Raised in a monarchic family, he first joined a political party : the Mouvement Socialiste Monarchique when he was about 15, but he quickly gave up monarchism and became closer to anarchism, and, then, to communists, but he got fed up with their stalinism. He moved to Nice and created the Occitan Nationalist Party there. From 1962, Fontan often met professor Guy Héraud and developed the first clarification of the linguistic border between Occitan and Piemontais. He died in Cuneo.
He argues that states must create new borders, uniting each separate people within one country. In Africa especially, borders were created by European administrators and are not related to the various peoples. Creating new ethno-linguistic borders could avoid new massacres such as the one in Rwanda in 1994 between Tutsis and Hutus.
He wrote some books, explaining his ideas. Ethnisme is the most known.
