February 19  

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*[[1861]] - [[Serf]]dom is [[Emancipation of the serfs|abolished]] in [[Russia]]. *[[1861]] - [[Serf]]dom is [[Emancipation of the serfs|abolished]] in [[Russia]].
*[[1878]] - The [[phonograph]] is patented by [[Thomas Edison]]. *[[1878]] - The [[phonograph]] is patented by [[Thomas Edison]].
-*[[1881]] - [[Kansas]] became the first [[U.S. state]] to prohibit all [[alcoholic beverage]]s. 
-*[[1915]] - [[World War I]]: The [[Battle of Gallipoli]] began. Plans for mutiny in the [[British Indian army]], the [[Ghadar Conspiracy]], is uncovered in [[British India|India]].  
-*[[1937]] - During a public ceremony at the Viceregal Palace (the former Imperial residence) in [[Addis Ababa]], [[Ethiopia]], two [[Eritrea]]n nationalists attempt to kill viceroy [[Rodolfo Graziani]] with a number of grenades.  
-*[[1941]] - [[World War II]]: The [[Afrika Korps]], the [[corps]]-level headquarters controlling the German [[Panzer]] [[division (military)|division]]s in [[North Africa]], was formed. 
-*[[1942]] - [[World War II]]: nearly 250 [[Japan]]ese warplanes [[Bombing of Darwin, February 19, 1942|attack]] the northern Australian city of [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]] killing 243 people. 
-* 1942 - World War II: [[President of the United States|President]] [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] signs the [[Executive order (United States)|executive order]] [[Executive Order 9066|''9066'']], allowing the [[United States military]] to relocate [[Japanese-American]]s to [[Japanese American internment|Japanese internment]] camps.  
-*[[1943]] - World War II: [[Battle of the Kasserine Pass]] in [[Tunisia]] begins. 
-*[[1945]] - World War II: [[Battle of Iwo Jima]] - about 30,000 [[United States Marine]]s land on [[Iwo Jima]].  
-*[[1949]] - [[Ezra Pound]] is awarded the first [[Bollingen Prize|Bollingen Prize in poetry]] by the Bollingen Foundation and [[Yale University]].  
*[[1953]] - [[Censorship]]: [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] approves the first [[literature]] censorship board in the [[United States]]. *[[1953]] - [[Censorship]]: [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] approves the first [[literature]] censorship board in the [[United States]].
-*[[1959]] - The [[United Kingdom]] grants [[Cyprus]] its [[independence]], which is then on formally proclaimed on [[August 16]], [[1960]].  
-* 1968 - Egyptian commando forces attempt to intervene in a hijacking situation at [[Larnaca International Airport]], without authorisation from the [[Republic of Cyprus]] authorities. The [[Cypriot National Guard]] and Police forces kill 15 Egyptian commandos and destroy the Egyptian [[C-130]] transport plane in open combat. 
-*[[1985]] - [[Artificial heart]] recipient [[William J. Schroeder]] becomes the first such patient to leave [[hospital]].  
-* 1985 - [[Iberia Airlines]] [[Boeing 727]] crashes into Mount Oiz in [[Spain]], killing 148. 
-*[[1986]] - The [[Soviet Union]] launches the ''[[Mir]]'' [[space station]]. 
-*[[2001]] - An [[Oklahoma City bombing]] museum is dedicated at the [[Oklahoma City National Memorial]].  
-*[[2002]] - [[NASA]]'s [[Mars Odyssey]] [[space probe]] begins to map the surface of [[Mars (planet)|Mars]] using its thermal emission imaging system. 
-*[[2004]] - [[Nazism|Nazi]]-hunter [[Simon Wiesenthal]] is awarded an [[List of honorary British Knights|honorary knighthood]] in recognition of a "lifetime of service to humanity." 
-*[[2007]] - Three [[Salvadoran]] deputies to the [[Central American Parliament]] and their driver are murdered in [[Guatemala]]. 
==Births== ==Births==
-<!-- Please do not add yourself or anyone else without a biography in Wikipedia to this list.--> 
*[[1473]] - [[Nicolaus Copernicus]], <!-- no POV here --> Polish mathematician and astronomer (d. [[1543]]) *[[1473]] - [[Nicolaus Copernicus]], <!-- no POV here --> Polish mathematician and astronomer (d. [[1543]])
*[[1526]] - [[Charles de L'Ecluse]], Flemish botanist (d. [[1609]]) *[[1526]] - [[Charles de L'Ecluse]], Flemish botanist (d. [[1609]])

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