Eugène François Vidocq
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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Eugène-François Vidocq (1775 – 1857) was a French criminal turned criminalist, whose life story inspired several writers, including Victor Hugo, Edgar Allan Poe and Honoré de Balzac. The former criminal became the founder and first director of France's first criminal investigative agency, the Sûreté nationale, as well as the head of the first known private detective agency. Vidocq is considered to be the father of modern criminology
Vidocq was Victor Hugo's inspiration for both reformed criminal Jean Valjean and his pursuer, police inspector Javert, in the novel Les Misérables.
Balzac made him Vautrin; Dumas makes him the Jackal in Les Mohicans de Paris.
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