East–West Schism
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
(Difference between revisions)
| Revision as of 07:37, 7 September 2009 Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) ← Previous diff |
Current revision Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| + | {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | ||
| + | | style="text-align: left;" | | ||
| + | "The cause of the break with the tradition of antiquity was the rapid and unexpected [[Spread of Islam|advance of Islam]]. The result of this advance was the [[East–West Schism|final separation of East from West]], and the end of the [[Mediterranean]] unity. Countries like Africa and Spain, which had always been parts of the Western community, gravitated henceforth in the orbit of Baghdad. In these countries another religion made its appearance, and an entirely different culture. The Western Mediterranean, having become a Musulman lake, was no longer the thoroughfare of commerce and of thought which it had always been." --''[[Mohammed and Charlemagne]]'' (1922) by Henri Pirenne | ||
| + | |} | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | [[History of Western civilization]] | ||
| - | ==Antiquity (before AD 500)== | ||
| - | |||
| - | The [[East-West dichotomy|opposition of a European "West" to an Asiatic "East"]] has its roots in [[Classical Antiquity]], with then [[Persian Wars]] where the [[Classical Greece|Greek]] city states were opposing the expansion of the [[Achaemenid Empire]]. The Biblical opposition of [[Land of Israel|Israel]] and [[Neo-Assyrian Empire|Assyria]] from a European perspective was recast into these terms by early Christian authors such as [[Jerome]], who compared it to the [[Migration period|"barbarian" invasions]] of his own time (see also [[Assyria and Germany in Anglo-Israelism]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | The "East" in the [[Hellenistic period]] was the [[Seleucid Empire]], with Greek influence stretching as far as [[Greco-Bactrian Kingdom|Bactria]] and [[Indo-Greek Kingdom|India]], besides [[Scythia]] in the [[Pontic steppe]] to the north. In this period, there was significant cultural contact between the Mediterranean and the East, giving rise to syncretisms like [[Greco-Buddhism]]. It was only with [[Christianization]] of the Roman Empire in the 4th century that the Mediterranean world lost interest in the Eastern cultures. | ||
| - | |||
| - | The division of Europe into a Western (Latin) and an Eastern (Greek) part was prefigured in the division of the [[Roman Empire]] by [[Diocletian]] in 285. The [[history of Christianity]] took divergent routes in these spheres from early times, but the final [[East–West Schism|Great Schism]] separating [[Roman Catholicism|Roman]] and [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Eastern]] Christianity occurred only in the 11th century. | ||
| - | |||
| - | In [[476 A.D.]] the [[western Roman Empire]], which had ruled modern-day [[Italy]], [[France]], [[Spain]], [[Portugal]] and [[England]] for centuries collapsed due to a combination of economic decline and drastically reduced military strength, allowing invasion by [[barbarian]] [[tribe]]s originating in southern [[Scandinavia]] and modern-day northern [[Germany]]. According to many authors, the main causes for the fall of any empire are internal, such as racial, religious or political divisions within the country. Also, warfare and economic crisis may contribute to the empire's collapse. In England, several [[Germanic peoples|Germanic tribes]] invaded, including the [[Angles]] and [[Saxons]]. In [[Gaul]] (modern-day France, Belgium and parts of Switzerland) and [[Germania Inferior]] (The Netherlands), the [[Franks]] settled, in [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]] the [[Visigoths]] invaded and Italy was conquered by the [[Ostrogoths]]. [[Christianity]] ceased to be the dominant religion in these lands and much of [[Culture of ancient Rome|Roman culture]] disappeared. Only [[Ireland]], which had never been ruled by [[Roman Empire|Rome]], remained Christian throughout this time. | ||
| + | The '''East–West Schism''', or the '''Great Schism''', divided medieval [[Christendom]] into Eastern (Greek) and Western (Latin) branches, which later became known as the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] and the [[Roman Catholic Church]], respectively. Relations between East and West had long been embittered by political and ecclesiastical differences and theological disputes. | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
|
"The cause of the break with the tradition of antiquity was the rapid and unexpected advance of Islam. The result of this advance was the final separation of East from West, and the end of the Mediterranean unity. Countries like Africa and Spain, which had always been parts of the Western community, gravitated henceforth in the orbit of Baghdad. In these countries another religion made its appearance, and an entirely different culture. The Western Mediterranean, having become a Musulman lake, was no longer the thoroughfare of commerce and of thought which it had always been." --Mohammed and Charlemagne (1922) by Henri Pirenne |
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
The East–West Schism, or the Great Schism, divided medieval Christendom into Eastern (Greek) and Western (Latin) branches, which later became known as the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church, respectively. Relations between East and West had long been embittered by political and ecclesiastical differences and theological disputes.
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "East–West Schism" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
