Dutch art  

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-{{Template}}'''Dutch art''' describes the history of [[visual arts]] in the [[Netherlands]], after the [[United Provinces]] separated from [[Flanders]]. Earlier painting in the area, is covered in [[Early Netherlandish painting]], and [[Renaissance Art]].+{{Template}}
 +'''Dutch art''' describes the history of [[visual arts]] in the [[Netherlands]], after the [[United Provinces]] separated from [[Flanders]]. Earlier painting in the area, is covered in [[Early Netherlandish painting]], and [[Renaissance Art]].
-== Golden Age ==+== See also ==
 +*[[Dutch Golden Age painting]]
 +*[[Nineteenth century Dutch art]]
-[[Dutch Golden Age painting]] was among the most acclaimed in the world at the time, during the 17th century. There was an enormous output of painting, so much so that prices declined seriously during the period. From the 1620s, Dutch painting broke decisively from the [[Baroque]] style typified by [[Peter Paul Rubens|Rubens]] in neighbouring Flanders into a more realistic style of depiction, very much concerned with the real world. Types of paintings included historical paintings, portraiture, landscapes and cityscapes, [[still life]]s and [[Genre works|genre painting]]s. In the last four of these categories, Dutch painters established styles upon which art in Europe depended for the next two centuries. Paintings often had a moralistic message hidden under the surface. The Golden Age never really recovered from the French invasion of 1671, although there was a twilight period lasting until about 1710. 
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- 
-== Nineteenth century == 
-:''[[Nineteenth century Dutch art]]'' 
-The [[Hague School]] were around at the start of the nineteenth century. They included [[Jozef Israëls]]. [[Jacob Maris]] showed all that is gravest or brightest in the landscape of Holland, all that is heaviest or clearest in its atmosphere. "No painter," says M. Philippe Zilcken, " has so well expressed the ethereal effects, bathed in air and light through floating silvery mist, in which painters delight, and the characteristic remote horizons blurred by haze; or again, the grey yet luminous weather of Holland. 
- 
-[[Amsterdam Impressionism]] were painters at the same time as [[French Impressionism]] in the [[Nineteenth Century]]. They put their impressions onto canvas with rapid, visible strokes of the brush. They focused on depicting the everyday life of the city. Late nineteenth-century Amsterdam was a bustling centre of art and literature. Famous painters among the Amsterdam Impressionists include [[George Hendrik Breitner]], [[Willem de Zwart]], [[Isaac Israëls]] and [[Jan Toorop]]. George Hendrik Breitner introduced a realism to the Netherlands that created shock waves similar to that of [[Courbet]] and [[Manet]]'s in France. He was the painter of city views par excellence: wooden foundation piles by the harbour, demolition work and construction sites in the old centre, horse trams on the Dam, or canals in the rain. By the turn of the century Breitner was a famous painter in the Netherlands, as demonstrated by a highly successful retrospective exhibition at Arti et Amicitiae in Amsterdam (1901). when the streets of Amsterdam are grey and rainy, people of Amsterdam whisper grimly "Echt Breitnerweer" (Typical Breitnerweather). 
== Twentieth century == == Twentieth century ==
-Around 1905-1910 pointillism as practiced by Jan Sluyters, Piet Mondrian and Leo Gestel was flourishing. Between 1911 and 1914 all the latest art movements arrived in the Netherlands one after another including cubism, futurism and expressionism. After WWI, De Stijl (the style)was led by Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian and promoted a pure art, with no subject matter but with vertical and horizontal elements, and the use of primary colors and noncolors.+Around 1905-1910 pointillism as practiced by Jan Sluyters, [[Piet Mondrian]] and Leo Gestel was flourishing. Between 1911 and 1914 all the latest art movements arrived in the Netherlands one after another including cubism, futurism and expressionism. After WWI, De Stijl (the style)was led by Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian and promoted a pure art, with no subject matter but with vertical and horizontal elements, and the use of primary colors and noncolors.
The [[Design Academy]] was established in 1947. The [[Design Academy]] was established in 1947.
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Dutch art describes the history of visual arts in the Netherlands, after the United Provinces separated from Flanders. Earlier painting in the area, is covered in Early Netherlandish painting, and Renaissance Art.

See also


Twentieth century

Around 1905-1910 pointillism as practiced by Jan Sluyters, Piet Mondrian and Leo Gestel was flourishing. Between 1911 and 1914 all the latest art movements arrived in the Netherlands one after another including cubism, futurism and expressionism. After WWI, De Stijl (the style)was led by Theo van Doesburg and Piet Mondrian and promoted a pure art, with no subject matter but with vertical and horizontal elements, and the use of primary colors and noncolors.

The Design Academy was established in 1947.




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