Deception  

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 +[[Image:Traité des trois imposteurs.gif|right|thumb|200px|''[[Traité des trois imposteurs]]'' by [[Anonymity in publishing|anonymous]] (date unknown, edition shown [[1777]])]]
 +[[Image:Henri Robin and a Specter, 1863 by Eugène Thiébault.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[Henri Robin]] and a [[Specter]], [[1863]] by [[Eugène Thiébault]]]]
{{Template}} {{Template}}
-# An instance of actions and/or schemes fabricated to mislead and/or delude someone into errantly believing a lie or inaccuracy.+'''Deception''', '''beguilement''', '''deceit''', '''bluff''', '''mystification''' and '''subterfuge''' are acts to propagate beliefs that are not [[truth|true]], or not the whole truth (as in [[half-truths]] or omission). Deception can involve [[dissimulation]], [[propaganda]], and [[sleight of hand]], as well as distraction, camouflage, or concealment. There is also [[self-deception]], as in [[bad faith]].
-'''Deception''' is the manipulation of perception to alter thoughts and feelings through lies and cleverness.+Deception is a major [[relational transgressions|relational transgression]] that often leads to feelings of [[betrayal]] and distrust between relational partners. Deception violates relational [[Norm (sociology)|rules]] and is considered to be a negative [[violation|violation]] of expectations. Most people expect friends, relational partners, and even strangers to be truthful most of the time. If people expected most conversations to be untruthful, talking and communicating with others would require distraction and misdirection to acquire reliable information. A significant amount of deception occurs between [[Romance (love)|romantic]] and relational partners.
 +==In philosophy==
 +Deception is a recurring theme in modern philosophy. In 1641 Descartes published his [[meditations]], in which he introduced the notion of the [[Deus deceptor]], a posited being capable of deceiving the thinking [[ego]] about [[reality]]. The notion was used as part of his [[hyperbolic doubt]], wherein one decides to doubt everything there is to doubt. The Deus deceptor is a mainstay of so-called [[skeptical]] arguments, which purport to put into question our knowledge of reality. The punch of the argument is that all we know might be wrong, since we might be deceived. [[Stanley Cavell]] has argued that all skepticism has its root in this fear of deception.
-Deception involves concepts like [[propaganda]], distraction and concealment. Fiction, while sometimes manipulative, is not a deception unless it is portrayed as the whole truth; not to be confused with [[half-truths]]. 
- 
-In many cases it is difficult to distinguish deception from providing unintentionally wrong information. One of the reasons for this is that a person or an entire organization may be [[Self-deception|self-deceived]]. 
==See also== ==See also==
 +<div style="column-count:3;-moz-column-count:3;-webkit-column-count:3">
 +
* [[Academic dishonesty]] * [[Academic dishonesty]]
-* ''[[Battleplan]]'' (documentary TV series) 
* [[Betrayal]] * [[Betrayal]]
* [[Communications deception]] * [[Communications deception]]
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* [[Deception (criminal law)]] * [[Deception (criminal law)]]
* [[Doctrine of mental reservation]] * [[Doctrine of mental reservation]]
-* [[Electronic deception]] 
* [[Forgery]] * [[Forgery]]
* [[Fraud]] * [[Fraud]]
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* [[Hoax]] * [[Hoax]]
* [[Lie]] * [[Lie]]
-* [[Limited hangout]] 
* [[List of topics related to public relations and propaganda]] * [[List of topics related to public relations and propaganda]]
* [[Machiavellianism]] * [[Machiavellianism]]
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* [[Military deception]] * [[Military deception]]
* [[Misdirection]] * [[Misdirection]]
-* [[Modified limited hangout]] 
* [[Phishing]] * [[Phishing]]
* [[Placebo]] * [[Placebo]]
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* [[Sting operation]] * [[Sting operation]]
* [[Swampland in Florida]] * [[Swampland in Florida]]
- +</div>
{{GFDL}} {{GFDL}}

Revision as of 16:38, 12 July 2014

Traité des trois imposteurs by anonymous (date unknown, edition shown 1777)
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Traité des trois imposteurs by anonymous (date unknown, edition shown 1777)

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Deception, beguilement, deceit, bluff, mystification and subterfuge are acts to propagate beliefs that are not true, or not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission). Deception can involve dissimulation, propaganda, and sleight of hand, as well as distraction, camouflage, or concealment. There is also self-deception, as in bad faith.

Deception is a major relational transgression that often leads to feelings of betrayal and distrust between relational partners. Deception violates relational rules and is considered to be a negative violation of expectations. Most people expect friends, relational partners, and even strangers to be truthful most of the time. If people expected most conversations to be untruthful, talking and communicating with others would require distraction and misdirection to acquire reliable information. A significant amount of deception occurs between romantic and relational partners.

In philosophy

Deception is a recurring theme in modern philosophy. In 1641 Descartes published his meditations, in which he introduced the notion of the Deus deceptor, a posited being capable of deceiving the thinking ego about reality. The notion was used as part of his hyperbolic doubt, wherein one decides to doubt everything there is to doubt. The Deus deceptor is a mainstay of so-called skeptical arguments, which purport to put into question our knowledge of reality. The punch of the argument is that all we know might be wrong, since we might be deceived. Stanley Cavell has argued that all skepticism has its root in this fear of deception.

See also




Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Deception" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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