Blackwater (waste)
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| - | '''Human waste''' is a [[waste type]] usually used to refer to byproducts of [[digestion]], such as [[faeces]] and [[urine]]. Human waste is most often transported as [[sewage]] in [[waste water]] through [[sewerage]] systems. Alternatively it is disposed of in nappies (diapers) in [[municipal solid waste]]. | + | '''Blackwater''' is used to describe [[wastewater]] from toilets, which likely contains [[pathogen]]s. Blackwater can contain [[feces]], [[urine]], water and toilet paper from [[flush toilet]]s. Blackwater is distinguished from [[greywater]], which comes from household use other than toilets. Greywater results from washing food, clothing, dishes, as well as from showering or bathing. |
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| - | Human waste can be a serious health hazard, as it is a good vector for both [[viral]] and [[bacterial]] diseases. A major accomplishment of human civilization has been the reduction of [[disease transmission]] via human waste through the practice of [[hygiene]] and [[sanitation]], including the development of sewage systems and plumbing. | + | |
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| - | Human waste can be reduced or reused through use of waterless [[urinal]]s and [[composting toilet]]s and [[greywater]]. The most common method of [[waste treatment]] in rural areas where municipal sewage systems are unavailable is the use of the [[septic tank]] systems. In remote rural places without sewage or septic systems, small populations allow for the continued use of "honey buckets" and sewage lagoons (see: [[anaerobic lagoon]]) without the threat of disease presented by places with more dense populations. Honey buckets are used by rural villages in [[Alaska]] where, due to [[permafrost]], conventional waste treatment systems can not be utilised. | + | |
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| - | * [[Biological Wastewater Processor]] | + | * [[Algae fuel]] |
| - | * [[Blackwater (waste)]] | + | * [[Container-based sanitation]] |
| - | * ''[[Flush!: The Scoop on Poop throughout the Ages]]'' (book) | + | * [[Constructed wetland]] |
| - | * [[Humanure]] | + | * [[Ecological sanitation]] |
| + | * [[Sanitation]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
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Blackwater is used to describe wastewater from toilets, which likely contains pathogens. Blackwater can contain feces, urine, water and toilet paper from flush toilets. Blackwater is distinguished from greywater, which comes from household use other than toilets. Greywater results from washing food, clothing, dishes, as well as from showering or bathing.
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