Biblical judges
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| + | The '''Biblical judges''' are described in the [[Hebrew Bible]], and mostly in the [[Book of Judges]], as people who served roles as military leaders in times of crisis, in the period before an Israelite monarchy was established. | ||
| - | According to the [[The Bible and history|Bible]], before the united monarchy, the [[Israelite]] tribes lived as a [[confederation]] of twelve tribes under an ad hoc charismatic leadership called [[Biblical judges|Judges]]. In around [[1020 BC]], under extreme threat from foreign peoples, the tribes united to form the first united Kingdom of Israel. [[Samuel (Bible)|Samuel]] anointed [[Saul]] from the tribe of [[Benjamin]] as the first king in c. [[1020s BCE|1020 BC]], but it was [[David]] who in c.[[1000s BC|1006 BC]] created a strong unified Israelite monarchy. | + | ==See also== |
| - | + | *[[Shophet]] | |
| - | David, the second (or third, if [[Ish-bosheth]] is counted) King of Israel, established [[Jerusalem]] as its national capital 3,000 years ago. Before then, [[Hebron]] had been the capital of David's Judah and [[Mahanaim]] of Ish-bosheth's Israel, and before that [[Gibeah]] had been the capital of the United Monarchy under [[Saul]]. | + | *[[Moses]] |
| - | + | *[[Book of Judges]] | |
| - | David succeeded in truly unifying the Israelite tribes, and set up a monarchical government. He embarked on successful military campaigns against Israel's enemies, and defeated bitter foes such as the [[Philistines]], thus creating secure borders for Israel. Under David, Israel grew into a regional power. Under the [[Davidic line|House of David]], the united Kingdom of Israel achieved prosperity and superiority over its neighbours. | + | *[[Book of Samuel]] |
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| - | Under David's successor, [[Solomon]], the United Monarchy experienced a period of peace and prosperity, and cultural development. Much public building took place, including the [[Solomon's Temple|First Temple]] in Jerusalem. | + | |
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| - | However, on the succession of Solomon's son, [[Rehoboam]], in c. [[930 BC]] the country split into two kingdoms: [[Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)|Israel]] (including the cities of [[Shechem]] and [[Samaria]]) in the north and [[Kingdom of Judah|Judah]] (containing Jerusalem) in the south. Most of the non-Israelite provinces fell away. | + | |
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The Biblical judges are described in the Hebrew Bible, and mostly in the Book of Judges, as people who served roles as military leaders in times of crisis, in the period before an Israelite monarchy was established.
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