Alchemy
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| + | [[Image:Speculum Sophicum Rhodostauroticum.jpg|thumb|right|200px|This page '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is part of the [[mysticism]] series. | ||
| + | <br><small>Illustration to the ''[[Speculum Sophicum Rhodostauroticum]]'' ([[1618]]) by [[Teophilus Schweighardt Constantiens]]</small>]] | ||
| + | [[Image:Splendor Solis.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Splendor Solis]] ([[1532]]-[[1535]]) - [[Salomon Trismosin]]]] | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/{{PAGENAMEE}}] [May 2007] | + | In the [[history of science]], '''alchemy''' ([[Arabic]]: الخيمياء, ''al-khimia'') refers to both an early form of the investigation of [[Natural science|nature]] and an early [[philosophy|philosophical]] and [[spirituality|spiritual]] discipline, both combining elements of [[chemistry]], [[metallurgy]], [[physics]], [[medicine]], [[astrology]], [[semiotics]], [[mysticism]], [[spiritualism]], and [[art]] all as parts of one greater force. Alchemy has been practiced in [[Mesopotamia]], [[Ancient Egypt]], [[Persia]], [[India]], and [[Chinese alchemy|China]], in [[Classical Antiquity|Classical]] [[Ancient Greece|Greece]] and [[Ancient Rome|Rome]], in the [[Islamic Golden Age|Muslim civilization]], and then in [[Europe]] up to the 19th century—in a complex [[Social network|network]] of schools and philosophical systems spanning at least 2500 years. |
| + | == See also == | ||
| + | ===Other alchemical pages=== | ||
| + | *[[Alchemical symbol]] | ||
| + | *[[Alchemy in art and entertainment]] | ||
| + | *[[Alembic]] | ||
| + | *[[Alkahest]] | ||
| + | *[[Astrology and alchemy]] | ||
| + | *[[Berith]] | ||
| + | *[[Jakob Boehme]] | ||
| + | *[[Circle with a point at its centre]] | ||
| + | *[[Duality]] | ||
| + | *[[Elixir of life]] | ||
| + | *[[Emerald Tablet]] | ||
| + | *[[Robert Fludd]] | ||
| + | *[[Humorism|Four Humors]] | ||
| + | *[[Goldwasser|Gold water]] | ||
| + | *[[Hermeticism]] | ||
| + | *[[Homunculus]] | ||
| + | *[[Michael Maier]] | ||
| + | *[[Musaeum Hermeticum]] | ||
| + | *[[Paracelsus]] | ||
| + | *[[Philosopher's stone]] | ||
| + | *[[Quintessence]] | ||
| + | *[[Herbert Silberer]] | ||
| + | *[[Vulcan of the alchemists]] | ||
| + | *[[Monas Hieroglyphica]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Alchemy and psychoanalysis=== | ||
| + | *[[Carl Jung]] | ||
| + | *[[Analytical psychology]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Other resources=== | ||
| + | *[[List of alchemists]] | ||
| + | *[[List of magical terms and traditions]] | ||
| + | *[[List of occultists]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Related and alternative philosophies=== | ||
| + | *[[Western mystery tradition]] | ||
| + | *[[Internal alchemy]] | ||
| + | *[[Astrology]] | ||
| + | *[[Necromancy]], [[magic (paranormal)|magic]], [[magick]] | ||
| + | *[[Esotericism]], [[Rosicrucianism]], [[Illuminati]] | ||
| + | *[[Taoism]] and the [[Five Elements]] | ||
| + | *[[Xiuzhen]] | ||
| + | *[[Jing Qi Shen]] | ||
| + | *[[Asemic]] Writing | ||
| + | *[[Kayaku-Jutsu]] | ||
| + | *[[Acupuncture]], [[moxibustion]], [[ayurveda]], [[homeopathy]] | ||
| + | *[[Anthroposophy]] | ||
| + | *[[Psychology]] and [[Carl Jung]] | ||
| + | *[[New Age]] | ||
| + | *[[Tay al-Ard]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Substances of the alchemists=== | ||
| + | *[[lead]] • [[tin]] • [[iron]] • [[copper]] • [[mercury (element)|mercury]] • [[silver]] • [[gold]] | ||
| + | *[[phosphorus]] • [[sulfur]] • [[arsenic]] • [[antimony]] | ||
| + | *[[vitriol]] • [[cinnabar]] • [[pyrites]] • [[orpiment]] • [[galena]] | ||
| + | *[[magnesium oxide|magnesia]] • [[calcium oxide|lime]] • [[potash]] • [[natron]] • [[saltpetre]] • [[kohl (cosmetics)|kohl]] | ||
| + | *[[ammonia]] • [[ammonium chloride]] • [[alcohol]] • [[camphor]] | ||
| + | *Acids: [[sulfuric acid|sulfuric]] • [[hydrochloric acid|muriatic]] • [[nitric acid|nitric]] • [[acetic acid|acetic]] • [[formic acid|formic]] • [[citric acid|citric]]• [[tartaric acid|tartaric]] | ||
| + | *[[aqua regia]] • [[gunpowder]] | ||
| + | *[[carmot]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ===Scientific connections=== | ||
| + | *[[Chemistry]] | ||
| + | *[[Physics]] | ||
| + | *[[Synthesis of noble metals]] | ||
| + | *[[Nuclear transmutation]] | ||
| + | *[[Scientific method]] | ||
| + | *[[Protoscience]], [[Pseudoscience]], and [[Anti-science]] | ||
| + | *[[Obsolete scientific theories]] | ||
| + | *[[Historicism]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 08:49, 18 May 2013
Illustration to the Speculum Sophicum Rhodostauroticum (1618) by Teophilus Schweighardt Constantiens
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In the history of science, alchemy (Arabic: الخيمياء, al-khimia) refers to both an early form of the investigation of nature and an early philosophical and spiritual discipline, both combining elements of chemistry, metallurgy, physics, medicine, astrology, semiotics, mysticism, spiritualism, and art all as parts of one greater force. Alchemy has been practiced in Mesopotamia, Ancient Egypt, Persia, India, and China, in Classical Greece and Rome, in the Muslim civilization, and then in Europe up to the 19th century—in a complex network of schools and philosophical systems spanning at least 2500 years.
Contents |
See also
Other alchemical pages
- Alchemical symbol
- Alchemy in art and entertainment
- Alembic
- Alkahest
- Astrology and alchemy
- Berith
- Jakob Boehme
- Circle with a point at its centre
- Duality
- Elixir of life
- Emerald Tablet
- Robert Fludd
- Four Humors
- Gold water
- Hermeticism
- Homunculus
- Michael Maier
- Musaeum Hermeticum
- Paracelsus
- Philosopher's stone
- Quintessence
- Herbert Silberer
- Vulcan of the alchemists
- Monas Hieroglyphica
Alchemy and psychoanalysis
Other resources
Related and alternative philosophies
- Western mystery tradition
- Internal alchemy
- Astrology
- Necromancy, magic, magick
- Esotericism, Rosicrucianism, Illuminati
- Taoism and the Five Elements
- Xiuzhen
- Jing Qi Shen
- Asemic Writing
- Kayaku-Jutsu
- Acupuncture, moxibustion, ayurveda, homeopathy
- Anthroposophy
- Psychology and Carl Jung
- New Age
- Tay al-Ard
Substances of the alchemists
- lead • tin • iron • copper • mercury • silver • gold
- phosphorus • sulfur • arsenic • antimony
- vitriol • cinnabar • pyrites • orpiment • galena
- magnesia • lime • potash • natron • saltpetre • kohl
- ammonia • ammonium chloride • alcohol • camphor
- Acids: sulfuric • muriatic • nitric • acetic • formic • citric• tartaric
- aqua regia • gunpowder
- carmot
Scientific connections
- Chemistry
- Physics
- Synthesis of noble metals
- Nuclear transmutation
- Scientific method
- Protoscience, Pseudoscience, and Anti-science
- Obsolete scientific theories
- Historicism
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Alchemy" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
